中考宾语从句复习PPT课件[1].pptx
宾语从句专项复习 二学习重点二学习重点 1.1.宾语从句的概念宾语从句的概念 2. 2.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词 3.3.宾语从句中的语序宾语从句中的语序 4.4.宾语从句的时态变化宾语从句的时态变化 三三 学习难点学习难点 1. if与与whether的区别的区别 2. 宾语从句与简单句的互换宾语从句与简单句的互换 什么是宾语从句？什么是宾语从句？试比较：试比较：We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s谓谓v v谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语 主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o o简单句简单句复合句复合句Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses宾语从句三要点宾语从句三要点一、语序（陈述）一、语序（陈述）二、引导词（三种）二、引导词（三种）三、时态（主三、时态（主、从句）从句）一一.宾语从句必须用宾语从句必须用陈述语序陈述语序1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序陈述句结构叫陈述语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序疑问句结构叫疑问语序 将下列一般问句改成将下列一般问句改成陈述句陈述句语序：语序： (主语主语谓语谓语) He wants to know: 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Was it on the fifth floor? 3.Are they doing homework? There is a bank near here. It was on the fifth floor . They are doing homework. 4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform? she works you wentwe have towe can wear7.Can we wear hats in school? 将下列问句变成陈述句。 1. Can he swim ? swim . 2. Does he have a pen ? a pen . 3. Which place did he go to ? Which place . He canHe hashe went to将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。 Can you tell e.g. Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三. . 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，主语在前，谓语在后谓语在后”的顺序。的顺序。1.She said: “I like English very much.” She said ( ) she liked English very much.2.The teacher asked: “Do you like English?” The teacher asked ( ) English.3.Mike asked: “When will our plane land?” Mike asked ( ) .4.Mary asked me: “How long have you stayed inChina?”Mary asked me( )( ) in China. thatif/whetherwhenhowlongI liked our plane would landI had stayed二二 .宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun由从属连词由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1 1. I want to know . I want to know _._. （他是否跟我他是否跟我们们一起去公一起去公园园）2. Ask him 2. Ask him _._.（他是否能（他是否能来来）3. I dont know 3. I dont know _._.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or notif/whether 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 表示表示“是否是否”之义，在句中之义，在句中不充当句子成份。不充当句子成份。 if/whether可互换可互换,但但whetheror not为固定搭配为固定搭配.拓展拓展：If 与与whether 的区别的区别1. I dont know _ he will come or not.1. I dont care of _ he is handsome.2. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.3. _ he will come is not decided. 与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherwhetherWhetherwhetherwhether由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的谁的书法是班上最好的）4. Please tell me _.（我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）5. Can you tell me _? （他在哪儿他在哪儿）6. Could you tell me _? （我该怎我该怎么去车站么去车站）7. Would you tell me _?（为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了） who could answer the question who(m) they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late练一练练一练1. What is this ?2. Who helped Lily with Chinese?3. Does she like English?4. Can he speak English well?5. How did you go to work?6. Who will you play with?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Do you know 4. The man asked 四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（一致。（呼应性原则）呼应性原则）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) he to Hong Kong .2) he sick.3) he a book . 4) heHe said辨一辨辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 3. 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。现在时态。（特殊性原则）（特殊性原则）He told me (that) Summer is after Spring .I was told (that)the sun is much bigger than the moon. My parents told me (that) no news is good news.比一比比一比比一比比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I can do it. I dont know where to go. Tell me how to do it. 你有什么发现？你有什么发现？ 结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词疑问词 + to do 的简单句。的简单句。 练一练练一练1.I dont know what I shall do next .(变为简单句）变为简单句） I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(变为简单句）变为简单句） John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(变为复合句）变为复合句） Can you tell me the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(变为复合句）变为复合句） Can you tell Lucy the MP5. 五五.宾语从句与简单句的转换宾语从句与简单句的转换What to dowhich book to buyhow I can get to how she can use1-Mike wants to know if we (have)a picnic tomorrow. - Yes. But if it (rain), well visit the museum instead.2. I dont know if she (tell) me when she (arrive) 3.He didnt tell me when we (hold) the sports meeting the next week.注意注意:1.If 既可以引导既可以引导_从句从句（是否），又可以引导（是否），又可以引导 从句从句(如果如果).从句不同，从句不同，词义、词义、时态变化时态变化不同不同。2.When既可以引导既可以引导宾语宾语从句从句,（何时）又可以引导（何时）又可以引导 从句。从句。从句不同，从句不同， 不不同。同。(当当的时候的时候) will haverainswill tellarriveswould hold宾语宾语条件状语条件状语时间状语时间状语词义、词义、时态变化时态变化.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is? wasiswhose六六. .课堂检测课堂检测1.Could you tell me ? A. where the twins were B. where the twins are C where are the twins 2.A: Do you know ?B: Yes , he came here by train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he came here3.She says she English for ten years .A. learned B. has learned C. was learning D. have learned4. The teacher told us that the earth round .A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 5. Tell me . A. what wrong is with him B. whats wrong to him C. what the matter is with him D. whats the matter with him6. My friend asked me .A. who is the girl B. who the girl wasC. who was the girl D. who the girl. Choose the right answers.BDBBDB宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词引导词thatthat（陈述句（陈述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句 ） 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句) )时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 时态不变时态不变七七.本课小结本课小结
