2022年中考英语时态全解之一般过去时 .pdf

初中英语中考备考时态汇总讲解与辨析（附习题和答案）（本材料适合初中毕业年级使用，其他年级也可适当参考，也适合高中低年段时态掌握不好的学生使用。本材料根据笔者教学经验、个人思考、历年中考原题和模拟题进行整理和改编，精选检测题并附点拨。纯手工打造。 ）一般过去时（四部分：一般过去时语法讲解，中考真题对接，一般过去时精选习题，中考真题演练）结构：动词或者系词变成过去式助词： did 或系词 was/were本身（常见的不规则动词变化：am (是) -was, is（是）-was, are（是）-were, begin（开始）-began, bring（拿来）-brought, can（能）-could, catch（捉住）-caught, come（来）-came, cut（砍，割）-cut, dig（挖，掘）-dug, do（做，干）-did, draw（画画,拉）-drew, drink（喝）-drank, drive（驾驶）-drove, eat（吃）-ate, fall（跌倒，落下）-fell, feel（感觉）-felt, fly（飞）-flew, get（获得）-got, give（给）-gave, go（去）-went, grow（生长）-grew, have (has)（有）-had, hurt（伤害）-hurt, keep（保持）-kept, know（知道，认识）-knew, learn（学习）-learnt, leave （离开）-left, let（让）-let, lie（躺，平放）-lay, make（使得，做）-made, may（可以）-might, must（必须）-must, read（读）-read, ride （骑）-rode, ring （鸣铃）-rang, run （跑）-ran, say （说）-said, see （看见）-saw, sell （卖）-sold, send（送）-sent, set （放）-set, sing（唱歌）-sang, sit （坐）-sat, sleep （睡觉）-slept, smell（闻）-smelt, speak（说话）-spoke, spend （花费）-spent, stand （站立）-stood, swim （游泳）-swam, take （拿到）-took, teach（教）-taught, tell （告诉）-told, think（认为）-thought, throw（投掷）-threw, understand（懂得）-understood, wake（唤醒）-woke, wear（穿）-wore, will（将要）-would, win（获胜）-won, write（写）-wrote）使用系词时，用系词本身构成否定疑问等：结构： am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。are 在一般过去时中变为were 。助词： 系词本身肯定句： He was at home yesterday. 否定句： He wasn t at home yesterday.一般疑问句： Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was. No, he wasn t.特殊疑问句： Where was he yesterday? 选择疑问句： Was he at home or at work? He was at home. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 使用动词时，用助词did 进行否定疑问等，助词出现，动词变回原形：结构： 动词变成过去式助词： did肯定句： I watched a film last Sunday. 否定句：I didn t watch a film yesterday.一般疑问句： Did you watch a film yesterday? 特殊疑问句：What did you do yesterday? 选择疑问句： Did you watch a movie or go shopping yesterday？I watched a movie. 使用情态动词时， 用情态动词的过去式 ： can 变形 could ， may 变成 might, shall变成 should ， have to 变成 had to ，must 没有变形。情态动词后加动词原形。He could play the piano at the age of four. 在他四岁的时候他就会弹钢琴。He had to walk home this evening. 他今天傍晚时不得不走回家。定义一、表示过去某时或某段时间发生的动作或状态时间状语有： What time: at eight ，When: yesterday morning, ten minutes ago, when引导的时间状语从句 , last year, in 1998, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, this morning, at the end of last term, the other day，in those days, in the old days, How long: for two days Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 小汤姆今天早上九点半把窗子打破了。When he went into the room, he saw a stranger talking with his father. 他走进房间时发现一个陌生人正和他父亲谈话)。I lived there for three years. 我住在那里三年。注意：1. 说话双方都明白的过去事件经常省略时间状语。How nice to see you here! I thought you were out. 在这见到你真好啊。我原以为你出去了。-Look at the sign， “No smoking！ ”- Sorry, I didnt see it. 看标牌， “禁止吸烟！” 对不起，我（刚才）没看到。I happened to meet Rose in the street. 我（刚才 /过去某时）正好在街上遇到露西。Lu Xun was a great writer. 鲁迅是一个伟大的作家。What did you say? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 你（刚才）说什么？2. 表过去是这样，现在完全改变了。I used to be a teacher. 我过去曾是一名教师。表示现在已经不是教师了。I used to talk a walk in the park. 我过去常在这个公园散步。言外之意，现在不这样做了。I was a teacher three years ago. 三年前我是一名老师。定义二、表过去经常性习惯性动作。时间状语有：When : last , in , from to , for(10 years) How often ：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。He usually went to evening schools when he was young. 当他小的时候，他通常上夜校。Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him. 他（那时）每天都去那个富人那里并且从他借一些书。定义三、用过去时形式表委婉语气，没有过去时的含义。Could you lend me your pen? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 你能把你的钢笔借给我吗？Could you tell me where he lives? 你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？（委婉形式，无过去时之意，从句不变成过去时。）一般过去时和现在完成时的区别1. 一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“have/ has + 过去分词”。2. 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last week , two years ago ,just now ,in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与just ,already ,ever ,never 等副词和these days ,this week ,since ., for . 等表示一段时间的状语连用。试比较以下几组句子： Have you seen the film ? Did you see the film? 第一句句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解，即现在情况；第二句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。 How has he done it ? How did he do it? 第一句强调的是他做这件事的方式对现在产生了某种影响；第二句单纯的询问做这件事的方式。 He has lived in Beijing for 8 years . He lived in Beijing for 8 years. 第一句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8 年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。第二句讲的是他在北京住过8 年，现在已经不在北京了。（2）现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。比：I have washed the car. 我洗过了车。（看上去很漂亮）I washed the car a moment ago. 我刚才洗过车了。She has watered the flowers. 她已经浇了花。（不需要再浇了）She watered the flowers yesterday. 她昨天浇的花。（3）现在完成时表示的动作或状态延续到现在并可能延续下去，而一般过去时则单纯表示过去某段时间内的经历。比：It has rained for five hours. 雨已经下了 5 个小时了。It rained for five hours yesterday. 昨天下了 5 个小时的雨。He has waited for her for two hours. 他等她已经两个小时了。He waited for her two hours and then went home. 他等她等了两个小时，然后就回家了。I have reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我已经复习了两课。（说话时还在上午）I reviewed two lessons this morning. 今天上午我复习了两课。 （说话时已是下午或晚上）一般过去时和过去进行时的区别He was writing a letter last night. （我看见）他昨天晚上正在写信。 （不知道是否写完了）He wrote a letter last night. 他昨天晚上写了一封信。(结果写完了 ) 专项检测：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 适当形式填空：1. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night. 2. We _ to zoo yesterday. (go) 3._ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 4. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 5. We all _ (have) a good time last night. 6. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 7. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 8. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now. 9. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr. White _ (go) to his office by car. 10. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 11. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances. 12. Why have you kept me _ here for so long a time? (wait) 13. She _ to the Great Wall several times. (goes) 14. In his letter, he said that he _ us very much. (miss) 15. They all _ (go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 16. She _ (not visit) her aunt last weekend. She _ (stay) at home and _ (do) some cleaning.17. Great changes _ in our country since 1978. (take place) 18. I _ my daughter since last month. (hear from) 19. It _ me two days to write the article. (花费) 20. We _ football when it began to rain. We had to stop and go home. (play) 21. Comrade Li Dazhao _ in prison in 1927. (put) 22. He _ to the library. Hell come back soon. (go) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 23. We could not help _ after we heard the story. (laugh) 24. Would you please _ me an English-Chinese dictionary when you come? (bring) 25. He told me that he _ the Great Wall the year before. (visit) 26. Im sorry youve missed the last bus. It _ ten minutes ago. (leave) 27. John stopped _ a rest (have) because he _ for three hours. (work) 28. The boys _ basketball on the playground are my classmates. (play) 29. They_ (be) on the farm a moment ago. 30. Jenny_ (not go) to bed until 11:00 oclock last night. 31. When I was young, I _ (play) games with my friends. 32. I _ (eat) the bread, I m full now. 33. The students often_ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 参考答案：1.read 2.went 3.Did, visit 4.swept 5.had 6.jumped 7.reading, read 8.planted/was planting 9.was, went 10.put 11.is, is doing 12.waiting 13.has gone 14.missed 15. went 16.didnt go 17.have taken 18.heard from 19.took 20.were playing 21. was put 22.has been 23.laughing 24.bring 25. had visited 26.left 27.to have, worked 28.playing 29.were 30.didnt go 31.played 32.have eaten 33.draw单项选择：1 She lived there before he_to China. A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 2 I _but_nothing. A. was listened; was hearing B. listened; heard C . have listened; heard D. listened; heard of 3 When did you _here? A. got to B. reached C. arrive in D. reach 4 I_my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished B. would finish C. was finishing D. finish 5 -He didnt go shopping with you yesterday afternoon, did he? - _. A. No, he doesnt B. Yes, he didnt C. No, he did D. Yes, he did. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 -I have had supper. - When _you_it? A. have; had B. do, have C. did, have D. will have 参考答案：1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.D 6. ( )1 My father ill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent ( )2 your parents at home last weekA Is B Was C Are D Were ( )3 The twins in Dalian last year They here now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was ( )4 your father at work the day yesterday( 前天）A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after ( )5 Who was on duty last FridayA I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt ( ) 6. I cleaned my classroom _. A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before ( ) 7. I came _ my house two days ago. A back on B back to C to back D back ( ) 8. _? He did some reading at home. A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - ( ) 9. What did you do _? I went to the movies. A next morning B over the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday ( ) 10. The koala sleeps _ ，but gets up _. A during the day; at the evening B at day; during night C in the day; during the evening D during the day; at night 参考答案： 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D 【中考链接】1. How many times have you been to the Great Wall? Only once. I _ there last year. A. went B. have gone C. have been 选 A 解析：一般过去式。后面有过去时间的标志last year 。2. When _Jessy to New York？Yesterday. A.does; get B.did; get C.has; got D.had; got 选 B 解析：本题考查一般过去时态。 由关键词 yesterday 或者 when 都可以推出是过去时态， 故选B。3. Did you wash your clothes? No, I was going to wash my clothes but I _ visitors. A. have had B. have C. had D. will have 选 C 解析：整个对话都是在使用过去的时态，所以通常回答也要求使用一致的时态。4. Have you read a book called Jane Eyre? Who_it? Awrites Bhas written Cwas writing Dwrote 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 选 D 解析：你曾经读过简爱吗？谁写的？小说是过去写的，所以使用一般过去时态。5. He used to _ to work by bus，but now he goes to work _ foot. A. going ；on B. going ；by C. go ；on D. go ；by 选 C 解析： used to do表示过去常常做某事，现在不这样了。走路，on foot, 固定搭配。6. Jack, wheres my small round mirror? Sorry, Betty. I_it. A. break B. broke C. will break D. am breaking 选 B 解析：句意： Jack，我的小圆镜在哪？对不起， Betty ，我把它打破了。打破这个动作是个过去已经发生了的动作，所以使用过去时态。7. Helen, where is your homework? Sorry, Miss Read. I _ some of it last night. But I havent finished doing it yet. A. do B. did C. have done D. will do 选 B 解析：解题的关键词last night ，是具体的过去时间，应该使用过去时态。1. Simon_ his fingers when he was cooking the dinner. （20XX 年盐城）A. burnt B. was burning C. has burnt D. had burnt 简析：A。burn 此处为瞬间动词，表示 烫着，当他在做饭的时候，他烫着了手指，一般过去时在此处表示结果。2. I m sorry you have missed the bus. It_ five minutes ago.What a pity! （20XX 年徐州）A. was leaving B. has left C. left D. leaves 简析： C。根据 five minutes ago可知是指过去的事情，且表示的是结果，用一般过去时。3. Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch. My watch ！Thank you. Where_ it? （20XX 年绍兴）A. do you find B. have you found C. did you find D. were you finding 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 简析： C。发现的动作为过去的事情，表示过去的结果，故用一般过去时。中考真题【2012 北京】26. Where were you last Saturday? I _ in the Capital Museum. A. am B. will be C. was D. have been 【2012 广西玉林】 38. Last year, Shenzhou-8 _ into the space. It made us proud. A. is sent B. was sent C. sends D. sent 【2012 贵州安顺】 20.The old man _ in Shanghai, but he _ in Haikou now. Abe born; live Bwas born ; live Cis born; lives DWas born; lives 【2012 贵州毕节】 25. Lucy _ a student last year, but now she _ a teacher. A. is; is B. was； is C. was； will be D. is； was 【2011 湖北恩施】 28. He _ go out with his parents, but now he _ staying at home alone. A. used to ； is used to B. is used to ； used to C. use to ； is used to 【2011 湖北恩施】 34. When did you buy the computer? I have _ this computer for 5 years, but it still works well. A. bought B. have C. had 【2012 湖北十堰】 35. I _ little time to get ready for the test, so I wasnt confident at that time. A. gave B. didn t giveC. was given D. wasn t given【2012 湖北随州】 27.Iv just got a new MP4. Where _ you _it? In a shopping mall near here. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - A. have; bought B. did; buy C. are; bought D. were; getting 【2012 湖北随州】 32. There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _nothing on it. A. have; has B.were; was C. were; is D.has; has 【2012 ?湖北 ?武汉】 31. I don t remember when and where I _ this umbrella. A.buy B.have bought C.will buy D.bought 【2012 湖北咸宁】 33. Jack _ dislike the weather in Beijing in spring, because there is so much wind and sand. But now he _ it. A. is used to; used to B. used to; is used to C. was used to; is used to D. used to; uses to 【2012 湖北孝感】 30. Tony to take part in the talk show on CCTV-3 the day before yesterday. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited 【2012 湖南怀化】 29.The telephone _by a well-known scientist ,Edison. A. invented B. inventing C. was invented 【2011 湖南株洲】 30.Have you ever been to Shanghai? Yes. I _ there with my father last year. A. went B. have been C. have gone 【2012 江苏淮安】 8.Alice some advice on how to improve her listening skills, and she gladly accepted Miss Greens. A. gave B. was given C. gives D. is given 【2012 江苏连云港】9. Jeremy Lin an unknown basketball player in New York Knicks(尼克斯队 ) for quite a long time. A. used to be B. used to being C. is used to be D. was used to be 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 【2012 江苏南京】 13.Yaxi, a quiet village in Gaochun, China s first “Slow City ” in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named 【2012 江苏苏州】 15. The film made by Walt Disney _ all over the world. A. is used to show B. is used to showing C. used to show D. used to be shown 【2012 江苏徐州】 9. I know a little about Thailand, as I there three years ago. A. have been B. have gone C. will go D. went 【2012 江苏盐城】 12. Have you ever been to Singapore? Yes. I there last year with my parents. A. go B. went C. have been D. was going 【2012 江西】38. Hello, mum. Are you still on Lushan Mountain? Oh, no. we are back home. We _ a really good journey. A. have B. had C. are having D. will have 【2012 江西】39. Oh, my God! I cant find my key to the office. Don t worry. Perhaps it _ at your home. A. left B. has left C. was left D. had left 【2012 内蒙古包头】 30. Haven t I told you that you should be home earlier? Yes, but I home earlier than I usually do. A. was coming B. will come C. came D. had come 【2012 广东省梅州市】 33. Her son _ Coke, but now he _ milk. A.used to drink; is used to drinking B. used to drinking; drinks C.is us