2022年初中英语_数词详解及专项练习[] .pdf
学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料基数词 & 序数词一、基数词1. 1-10 ( one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten )2. 11-19 (eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen) 3. 两位数(非整数),十位数和个位数之间用连字符“-” 。 ( 21 twenty-one;76 seventy-six)4. 两位数(整数),以 ty 结尾; (40 forty ; 90 ninety)4. 三位数,在百位数和十位数之间用and连接。101 a hundred and one ;320 three hundred and twenty ;648 six hundred and forty-eight 5. 百(hundred ) ,千( thousand ) ,百万( million ) ,千万( billion )6. 表示确切的百、千、百万时,不能用其复数形式;( 400 four hundred ,hundred 不加 s) 表示成百、成千时,用其复数形式;( 成百hundreds of; 成千thousands of ) 7. 表示“人的不确切岁数” ,用几十的复数形式;He became a professor in his thirties. (他在三十多岁成为教授。 )8. 表示年代时,用几十的复数形式;It was in 1960s. (那是在 20 世纪 60 年代。 )二、序数词1、英语的序数词基本变法:(1) 1-19:一般在基数词后加th 特殊情况: one-first ; two-second; three-third; eight-eighth; nine-ninth; -ve 结尾的改 ve为 f 加 th; (如 five-fifth ; twelve-twelfth )(2)两位数(整数),改 y 为-ie,加 th;(如 twenty-twentieth; thirty-thirtieth) (3)两位数 /多位数(非整数),仅个位数部分用序数词。(如: thirty-sixth, fifty-third, one hundred and twenty-first)2.缩写形式:阿拉伯数字+ 序数词末尾两个字母(只有 1st, 2nd, 3rd为特殊形式,其他都是阿拉伯数字+ th)first -1st;second-2nd; twentieth -20th; twenty-third -23rd三、基数词 /序数词用法辨别1. 基数词也可以表示顺序,要将基数词放在名词之后。the first Lesson - Lesson One / the fifth page - Page 5 2. (1)序数词前面加 the 时,表示顺序 , 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料This is the fourth time I come here. 这是我第四次来这儿。(2) 加 a/an 时表示 “ 再一、又一 ”We ve tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了,还必须再试一次(第四次)四、时间的数词表示法1. 表示时刻(1)整点用“o clock ” ; (5: 00 读作 five o clock 或 five)(2)几点过几分,分钟+ past + 小时;(five past seven 七点过五分;a quarter past eight 八点过一刻;half past eight 八点半)(3)几点差几分,分钟+ to + 小时;(ten to eight 八点差十分;a quarter to twelve 十二点差一刻)(4)直接法:小时+ 分钟;(6: 31 读作 six thirty-one;10:26 ten twenty-six)2. 表示日期,用 the 加序数词表示,或用缩写形式12月 1 日: Dec.1st或 the first of December;2002 年 11月 8 日: Nov. 8th, 2002.3. 表示年份,用基数词表示2002读作 twenty thousand and two;1976 读作 nineteen seventy-six 4. 表示年代,用 the + 年代 + s/ s 在 20 世纪 30 年代: in the 1930 s 或 in the 1930s 5. 表示世纪,用 the + 序数词 + century ,或者 the + 整百 + s/s 20世纪:the 20th century 或 the 1900 s/ the 1900s 五、分数 /小数/百分数表示法1、分数表示法:基数词作分子,序数词作分母;分子是“ 1”时,序数词用单数;除此之外,序数词用复数1/3:one third / a third ; 1/2:a half;1/4:one quarter ;3/4:three fourths/ three quarters ;121:one and a half 2. “ 半” 的表达:一半-a half ;半小时 half an hour ;1.5 小时one and a half hours 或 one hour and a half . 3. 当分数后接名词时,如果分数值大于1,名词用复数;小于1,名词用单数。one and a half hours 一个半小时;two and three fourths meters 2.75米名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料3)小数:小数点左边合起来读,小数点右边的数字分开读,小数点读作point 10.25 -ten point two five / 1.03-one point o three 4)10.25 -ten point two five / 1.03-one point o three 4)百分数:用基数词 + percent 表示50%-fifty percent ;3% - three percent 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料数词习题精选1. Which number is wrong? _. ()A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. Ninth D. Nineteenth 2. -How old is your daughter? ()-_. We had a special party for her _ birthday last week. A. Ninth; ninth B. Nine; nine C. Ninth; nine D. Nine; ninth 3. There are _ students in our school. ()A. four hundred and forty five B. four hundred and forty five C. four hundreds and forty five D. four hundred and forty five 4. The number 4,123 is read _. ()A. four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three 5How do you say 15,858 in English? ()A. Fifteen thousands, eight hundred and fifty-eight B. Fifteen thousand, eight hundreds and fifty eight. C. Fifteen thousand, eight hundred and fifty-eight D. Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight. 6. Tuesday is the _ day of a week in English. ()A. first B. second C. third D. Fourth 7. The students went out of the room_. ()A. one by two B. one by one C. two by another D. one by the other 8. Ive been a student there for nearly two and _ half years. ()A.a B.an C.the D./ 9. - How soon will you finish your work? - In about _. ()A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half 10. It took me _ to find out the key to the drawer. ()A. one and half hours B. one and a half hours C. one and a half hour D. one and half hour 11. Do you think there is any room for us _ ? ()A.two B. the two C. second D. the second 12. Which of the following is wrong? _. ()A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old. 13 How old is Steve? ()He is _ and he has an _ sister. A. 13-year-old; 10 years old B. 13 years old; 11-year-old C. 13 years old; 10-years-old D. 13-years-old; 11-years-old 14. Their house is about _ as big as ours. ()A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times 15of the coats made of cotton. They feel comfortable. ()A.Two-thirds; is B. Two-thirds; are C. Two-third; is D. Two third; are 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料16- Do you mind telling us something about this area? ()- Not at all. _ of the land in this area _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 17_ of the floor _ wet. ()A. Three quarter;is B. Three fourths; is C. Three fourth;are D. Three quarters;are 18About _ of the workers in my company _ to work every day ()Atwo-nineths; drives Btwo-nineths; drive Ctwo-ninths; drives Dtwo-ninths; drive 19 Can I help you? - Yes, Id like _for my twin daughters. ()A.two pair of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pairs of shoes D. two pairs of shoe 20We don t have enough nurses to look after the patients. At least _ are needed. ()A. ten another nurses B. more ten nurses C. other ten nurses D. another ten nurses 21. At night we can see _ stars in the sky. ()A. thousands and thousands of B. thousand and thousands of C. a thousand and thousands D. thousand and thousand 22 The _ World Table Tennis Championship began _ the morning of May 25, 2010 _ Moscow, Russia. ()AFifty; in; in BFiftieth; on; in CFiftieth; in; on DFifty; on; in 23. The train from Shanghai will arrive _. ()A. in quarter past six B. in a quarter past six C. at quarter past six D. at a quarter past six 24. “Whats the date today?”“Its _.”()A. Tuesday B. June Fourth C. June the four D. June the fourth 25. “What year is it?” “Its _.”()A. nineteen hundred and ninety-seven B. nineteen and ninety-seven C. nineteen ninety and seven D. nineteen ninety-seven 26. The basketball team of our school ranks _ in the match. ()A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 27. _, Coca-Cola began to enter Chinas market. ()A. In 1970s B. In 1970s C. In the 1970s D. In the 1970s 数词专项练习题(答案)1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5C【解析】试题分析:在英语中,当数次表示具体数字时,用单数形式。在读超过一百的数字时,习惯读法是在百位和十位之间用介词and相连,其它数位一次读出各级数位即可,选项ABD 读法有误,故选C。考点:英语中数字的读法点评:英语中数词的应用有一些不同于汉语的规则,学习中应注意总结记忆。6.C 7.B 8.A。two and a half years也可说成 two years and a half ,意思都是“两年半”。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料9.B 10.B 11.B 12.D 13B【解析】试题分析:“数字-名词 -形容词”的结构表示的是符合形容词,一般作定语。在这种结构中应注意两点:一是用连字符,二是名词必须用单数。而“数字+名词(复数) +形容词”的结构,一般做作表语。根据本题中的两个空的位置可知,第一个是作表语,而第二个是作定语。所以本题选B。考点:本题考查固定用法点评:做本题时,比较容易选错,许多学生不知什么时候用作定语,什么时候用作表语;有时有的学生还加以混用。所以对此应该准确掌握。14.D 15B【解析】分数表示法为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1, 分母加 s,在分子与分母之间可加连字符也可不加连字符,所以2/3 表示为 two-thirds 或 two thirds ;分数在句中作主语时谓语和它修饰或指代的名词保持一致。本题中two-thirds 指代 coats, 所以谓语用复数形式are。故选 B。考点:分数表达及主谓一致16C【解析】试题分析:根据题干,第一个空是分数。在英语中表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子超过一的,分母要加s,故用排除AB ;根据本句的主语the land 可知,此处应该用is。所以本题选C。考点:本题考查分数点评:题需要熟练掌握分数的表达方法;另外,第二个空前面题干比较长,需要认真分析本句的主语是什么,这是较难的。17B【解析】试题分析:英语中一般用基数词表示分数的分子,用序数词表示分数的分母。当分子是一时,分数的分母用单数形式,在表示分数时,当分数的分子大于一时,分数的分母要用复数形式。句意:地板的四分之三都湿了。有分数修饰的名词的单复数,与被修饰的名词保持一致,floor 作为地板讲时,是不可数名词。故谓语动词用单数,选 B。考点:分数表达点评:英语分数的表达规则比较固定,学习中应牢记这些基本规则。需注意的是,由分数修饰的主语后面谓语动词的数,和被修饰主语的单复数保持一致。18D 【解析】试题分析:句意:在我的公司每天大约有九分之二的员工开车上班。two-ninths 九分之二,为固定表达,本句中主语为workers,为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式,故选D 考点:分数的表达点评:英语中分数的表达,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1 时,分母用序数词的复数形式,这个基础知识要求学生进行掌握,此外对于分数的表达所指代的名词如果为复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数,反之则用单数形式。19C【解析】试题分析:句意:能帮您什么忙吗?是的,我想为我的双胞胎女儿买两双鞋。结合语境可知应用复数形式, shoe,鞋一般没有穿一只的,故多以复数形式出现,故选C。考点:名词的数点评:英语中名词有可数名词与不可数名词之分,可数名词又有单复数之分,当可数名词的数量不是一个时,要变成复数形式,其构成规则也比较复杂,需要不断总结记忆。不可数名词大多是一些物质名词和抽象名词,没有数的变化,需要注意的是,一些在汉语中明显可数的名词,在英语中往往不可数,也需要加以总结,注意了解中西文化的名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络,仅供参考学习资料差别,不能以中式思维思考英语问题。20D 【解析】试题分析: another, more, other 修饰数词的用法区别:1) another 表“另一个”时只跟可数名词单数,而表“另外的、额外的、附加的”之意时,可跟带有few 或具体数字的复数名词,此时可把“数词复数名词”看作是一个整体。2) other 表“另外的”接复数名词,如与具体数词连用,则置于数词之后,但与定冠词the 连用时, other 要放在数词前。 3) more 一般位于数词之后名词前。句意:我们没有足够的护士俩照顾病人。虽少再需要十名护士。本句中 tenurse 是被修饰对象,故修饰词放在ten 前面,结合语境可知选D。考点:词义辨析点评:该题型是属于英语考试的基础题型,是必考内容。英语单词同汉语一样具有一词多义,一词多性的特点。解答此类问题首先要理解每个选项的基本含义,并注意交叉含义间的区别,了解其特殊用法,然后结合语境选择正确答案。21.A 22.B【解析】数词、介词用法。首先,第十五届世乒赛要用序数词the Fiftieth;其次,在2010 年 5 月 25 日具体一天的上午要用介词on;而在俄罗斯的莫斯科市要用介词in。所以选择答案B。23.D 24.D 25.D 26.D 27.D 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -