初中英语主谓一致讲解及专项训练附答案(3页).doc

-主谓一致及其精练主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。例如： The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 2 more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如： More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 3. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Ten miles isnt a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。 4. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。 5. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 6. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 7. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 8. 主语为某些词组，如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：One of my favorite sports is basketball.9. 不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything, nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： 10. each, either, neither, every, another, the other 出现在主语中，谓语动词用单数。例如： Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。 Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。 11. 以s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等，例如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 12. people,police，cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，The police are waiting for the boy. 13. 由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。14.“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner.15. a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如： 16. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如： This pair of shoes is Toms. 这双鞋是汤姆的。 There are two glasses of wather on the table. 桌上有两杯水。 17. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。例如： The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。 The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 18.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如： There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。 Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。 19. or, eitheror，neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如： Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。 Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。 20. 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 21.“lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名词”或“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词取决于名词的数；若是不可数名词，用单数；若名词是复数，则用复数22. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如： The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) 23. family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如： His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。 My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。 25 none 如果指量，动词用单数。若用来指数目，与可数名词连用，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，none 如果代表不可数名词时谓语动词用单数。 None of the land has become desert.这些土地都没有变成沙漠。26 all/most/half/two thirds of/the rest of+名词作主语，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数保持一致。Most of his time is spent on study. 练习1. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was2. Most of our earth_ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were3.Neither_right. A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't 4.The population of the world _ still _ now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown5.There _ many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have6.These police often_the children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping7. _ going to England by air next week. A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are C. The Green's family are D. Green family are8.The whole family _ enjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all9.Our class _ big. A. is B. are C. were D. will10. Neither he nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be11. Either you or he _ right.A. are B. is C. does D. were12.Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary _ busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has13. Physics _ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were14.The news_ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are15.Though mathematics_ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is16.How time flies! Ten years _ passed.  A. have       B. has    C. is     D. are17.Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer    B. are a number of deers    C. is a number of deer       D. is a number of deers18The number of _ in our class _ fifty.  A. student, is B. the students, are    C. the students, is D. students, are19.Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of having one examination after another Ais       Bare      Cam      Dbe20A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.       Ais offered    Bhas offered     Care offered     Dhave offered21.When and where to build the new factory _yet       Ais not decided         Bare not decided      Chas not decided         Dhave not decided22.The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons         Awere，was   Bwas, was        Cwas，were       Dwerewere23Between the two buildings _a monumentAis standing     Bstanding    Cstands        Dstand24None of the money_his. Ais     B are      Cbelongs    Dwere25About three-fifths of the work _done yesterday Ahad    Bwas  Cwere  Dhave26. Neither your sister nor mine _the good newsLet's tell them     Aknow    B knows       Cknew27.The rich _ not always happy.A. are     B. is      C. has     D. have28. The old woman, together with her two grandsons, _ crossing the road. A. are       B. is      C. has       D. have 29. This pair of trousers _ Lucys. Your trousers _ on your bed. A. is, are         B. is, is          C. are, are         D. are, is 30.Ten kilometers _ a very long way to go in a day. A. are                B. has               C. is                 D. have31.Climbing hills _ better than having classes. A. are            B. is            C. was          D. have32.What he wanted to know _ why they didnt tell him. A. are   B. was   C. were     D .is 33.Fish and chips _ my favorite food. A. is            B. are            C. has            D. become 34. The singer and dancer _ come to our city. A. are           B. is             C. have             D. has35. Three-fourths of the water _ gone. A. is         B. are          C. have      D. were 36. Everybody, men and women, young and old, _ listening to the radio here. A. enjoys  B. enjoy   C. is enjoyed  D. are enjoyed37.I as well as they _ ready to help you. A. am        B. are         C. is            D.  be 38. Every hour and every minute _ important. A. are        B. be        C. is          D. were 39.Look! The Turner family _ having supper under the tree in front of their house. A. is         B. are        C. like          D. like 40. He is one of the children who _ fond of playing football. A. is    B. was    C. were   D. are 41.Neither she nor Dick and I _interested in maths. A Is      B. are       C. am     D. be 42. Fish and chips _the most popular take-away food in England. A. Are  B. is  C. were   D. was 43.   He thinks that two moths _quite a long time. A.      is    B.are     C. be   D. was 44.   Im going to do some shopping this Sunday.-So_. A.      do   B. will    C. am I   D.I am45. Even a child knows that _are made of_. A.      glasses; glass  B.glass; glass C. glasses; glasses D. glass; glasses46.   The Smiths _China since the summer of 1993.    A. has been to   B. have been to  C. has been in  D. have been in 47.   In our country, the old _taken good care of and the young_ well educated.  A.is   B. are     C. has       D. have48   Each man and each woman _bring some water here. A.      Has   B. have   C. has to   D. have to 答案：1-5 DBCCC6-10AADAC11-15BCCBD16-20BACBA21-25ACCAB26-30BABAC31-35BBADA36-40AACBD41-45BBACA46-48CBD-第 3 页-