集合的基本运算习题及答案(共3页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1.1.3 集合的基本运算日期:_一、选择题。1已知集合U1,3,5,7,9,A1,5,7,则A(D)A1,3 B3,7,9 C3,5,9 D3,9解析:选D.A3,9,故选D.2合Ax|1x2,Bx|x1,则A(RB)(D)Ax|x1 Bx|x1 Cx|1x2 Dx|1x2解析:选D.Bx|x1,RBx|x1,ARBx|1x23. 已知全集UZ,集合Ax|x2x,B1,0,1,2,则图中的阴影部分所表示的集合等于(A)A1,2 B1,0 C0,1 D1,2解析:选A.依题意知A0,1,(A)B表示全集U中不在集合A中,但在集合B中的所有元素,故图中的阴影部分所表示的集合等于1,2选A.4已知全集U1,2,3,4,5,且A2,3,4,B1,2,则A(B)等于(C)A2 B5 C3,4 D2,3,4,5解析:选C.B3,4,5,A(B)3,45已知全集U0,1,2,且A2,则A(D)A0 B1 C D0,1解析:选D.A2,2A,又U0,1,2,A0,16设集合A4,5,7,9,B3,4,7,8,9,全集UAB,则集合(AB中的元素共有()A3个 B4个 C5个 D6个解析:选A.UAB3,4,5,7,8,9,AB4,7,9,(AB)3,5,87已知集合U2,3,4,5,6,7,M3,4,5,7,N2,4,5,6,则(B)AMN4,6 BMNU C(N)MU D(M)NN解析:选B.由U2,3,4,5,6,7,M3,4,5,7,N2,4,5,6,得MN4,5,(N)M3,4,5,7,(M)N2,6,MN2,3,4,5,6,7U,选B.8已知全集U1,2,3,4,5,集合Ax|x23x20,Bx|x2a,aA,则集合(AB)中元素个数为(B)A1 B2 C3 D4解析:选B.A1,2,B2,4,AB1,2,4,(AB)3,59已知全集UAB中有m个元素,(A)(B)中有n个元素若AB非空,则AB的元素个数为(D) Amn Bmn Cnm Dmn解析:选D.UAB中有m个元素,(UA)(UB)U(AB)中有n个元素,AB中有mn个元素,故选D.二、填空题。10已知全集Ux|1x5,Ax|1xa,若Ax|2x5,则a 2 .解析:AUAU,Ax|1x2a2.11设集合U1,2,3,4,5,A2,4,B3,4,5,C3,4,则(AB)(C) 2,5 .解析:AB2,3,4,5,C1,2,5,(AB)(C)2,3,4,51,2,52,512已知全集U2,3,a2a1,A2,3,若A1,则实数a的值是 1或2 解析:U2,3,a2a1,A2,3,A1,a2a11,即a2a20,解得a1或a2.13设集合Ax|xm0,Bx|2x4,全集UR,且(A)B,求实数m的取值范为 m|m2 解析:由已知Ax|xm,UAx|xm,Bx|2x4,(A)B,m2,即m2,m的取值范围是m2.三、解答题。14已知全集UR,Ax|4x2,Bx|1x3,Px|x0或x,求AB,(B)P,(AB)(P)解:将集合A、B、P表示在数轴上,如图X k b 1 . c o mAx|4x2,Bx|1x3,ABx|1x2Bx|x1或x3,(B)Px|x0或x,(AB)(P)x|1x2x|0xx|0x215已知集合Ax|x2ax12b0和Bx|x2axb0,满足B(A)2,A(B)4,UR,求实数a,b的值解:B(A)2,2B,但2A.A(B)4,4A,但4B.,解得.a,b的值为,.16已知集合Ax|2a2<x<a,Bx|1<x<2,且ACRB,求实数a的取值范围解:RBx|x1或x2,ARB,分A和A两种情况讨论若A,此时有2a2a,a2.若A,则有或.a1.综上所述,a1或a2.专心-专注-专业