SAP名称解释(10页).doc

-SAP名称解释-第 10 页重要的相关名词解释：ERP (enterprise resource planning) 企业资源计划 CRM (customer relational management) 客户关系管理 BPR (business process reengineering) 企业业务流程重组 BOM (bill of material) 物料清单 JIT (Just-in-Time) 准时制生产 TQM (total quality management) 全面质量管理 MRP2 (Manufacturing Resource Planning) 制造资源计划 为了与物料需求计划MRP区别，后面加了two MRP (material requiremants planning) 物料需求计划【A】acquisition cost,ordering cost 定货费 assemble-to-order 定货组装 AS/RS (automated storage/retrieval system) 自动化仓储系统 activity cost pool 作业成本集 activity-based costing 作业基准成本法 ATP (available to promise) 可供销售量 APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society,Inc.) 美国生产与库存管理系统 agile manufacturing 敏捷制造 APICS Applied Manufacturing Education Series 实用制造管理系列培训教材 AMT (Advanced Manufacturing Technology) 先进制造技术 anticipation inventory 预期储备【B】back scheduling 倒排计划 backflushing 反冲法 BOR (bill of resource) 资源清单 business plan 经营规划 batch process 批流程 bottleneck 瓶颈资源(工序) back order 脱期定单 backlog 拖欠定单 bill of materials 物料清单 bucketless system 无时段系统【C】process工艺carrying cost 保管费 closed-loop MRP 闭环MRP cost roll-up 成本滚动计算法 costed BOM 成本物料单 cost of stockout 短缺损失 critical work center 关键工作中心 critical path method 关键路线法 CAPP (computer-aided process planning) 计算机辅助工艺设计 CASE (computer-aided software engineering) 计算机辅助软件工程 CAD （computer-aided design） 计算机辅助设计 CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) 计算机辅助制造 CIMS (computer integrated manufacturing system) 计算机集成制造系统 critical ratio 紧迫系数 component 子件/组件 cost driver rate 作业成本发生因素单位费用 cost driver 作业成本发生因素 customer deliver leadtime 客户交货提前期 cumulative lead time 累计提前期 continuous process 连续流程 COMMS (Customer Oriented Manufacturing Management System) 面向客户制造管理系统 capacity level 能力利用水平 capacity management 能力管理 capacity requirements planning 能力需求计划 current standart cost 现行标准成本 cycle counting 循环盘点 【D】DCS (distributed control system) 分布式控制系统 DMRP (distributed MRP) 分布式MRP DRP (distribution resource planning) 分销资源计划 distribution requirements planning 分销需求计划 demonstrated capacity 纪实能力 decision support system 决策支持系统 discrete manufacturing 离散型生产 dispatch list 派工单 days offset 偏置天数 dependent demand 相关需求件 demand management 需求管理 DTF (demand time fence) 需求时界 demand cycle 需求周期 drop shipment 直运 【E】EDI (electronic datainterchange) 电子数据交换 ergonomics 工效学 EOQ (economic order quantity) 经济定货量法 earliest due date 最早定单完成日期 ECO (engineering change order/notice) 设计变更通知 engineering BOM 工程物料清单 ETO (engineer-to-order) 专项生产【F】financial accounting 财务会计 financial entity 财务实体 fixed period requirements 定期用量法 FOQ (fixed order quantity) 固定批量法 formal system 规范化管理系统 feature 基本组件 floor stock,bulk item 作业现场库存 firm-planned order 确定定单 firm-planned time fence 确定计划时单 FMS (flexible manufacturing system) 柔性制造系统 feature 特征件 forward scheduling 顺排计划 favorable variance 有利差异 FCS (finite capacity scheduling) 有限能力计划 finite forward scheduling 有限顺排计划 finite loading 有限排负荷 FAS (final assembly schedule) 总装进度 【G】GT (group technology) 成组技术 gross requirements 毛需求 【H】hedge inventory 囤积库存 【I】independent demand 独立需求 informal system 非规范化管理 inventory 库存 inventory turnover/turns 库存(资金)周转次数 indented BOM 缩排式物料清单input/output control 投入/产出控制 item,material,part 物料 item master,material master 物料主文件 infinite loading 无限排负荷 【J】job shop 机群式布置车间 【K】kitting 配套出售件【L】low-lever code 低层码 logistics 后勤保证体系 lean production 精益生产 least slack per operation 最小单个工序平均时差 lot sizing 批量规则 lot size inventory 批量库存 lead time 提前期 lead time offset 提前期偏置 lot-for-lot 因需定量法 live pilot 应用模拟【M】move time 传送时间MTO (make-to-order) 定货生产management accounting 管理会计MIS (management information system) 管理信息系统minimum balance 最小库存余量management by exception 例外管理法modular BOM 模块化物料单measure of velocity 生产速率水平maintenance,repair,and operation supplies 维护修理操作物料material management 物料管理material review board 物料核定机构material manager 物料经理material available 物料可用量Modern Materials Handling 现代物料搬运manufacturing BOM 制造物料清单MES (manufacturing executive system) 制造执行系统MPS (master production schedule) 主生产计划master scheduler 主生产计划员【N】net change 净改变法net requirements 净需求netting 净需求计算【O】order policy 定货策略order point system 定货点法ordering cost 定货费overhead apportionment/allocation 间接费分配overhead rate,burden factor,absorption rate 间按费率option 可选件open order 未结定单OPTO (ptimized Production Technology) 优化生产技术【P】policy and procedure 工作准则与工作规程planned order receipts 计划产出量planned order 计划定单planned capacity 计划能力PERT (program evaluation research technology) 计划评审技术planning horizon 计划期PTF (planned time fence) 计划时界planned order releases 计划投入量planning BOM 计划物料单proposed cost 建议成本picking list 领料/提货单parent item 母件Pareto Principle 帕拉图原理production cycle 生产周期production activity control 生产作业控制point of use 使用点phantom 虚拟件performance measurement 业绩评价projected available balance 预计可用库存量priority 优先级prototyping,computer pilot 原型测试POQ (period order quantity) 周期定货量法pegging 追溯【Q】queue time 排队时间【R】resupply order 补库单RCCP (rough-cut capacity planning) 粗能力计划repetitive manufacturing 重复式生产rated capacity 额定能力routing 工艺路线run time 加工时间resource requirements planning 资源需求计划requisition 请购单regeneration 全重排法released order ,open order 下达定单required capacity 需用能力【S】safety stock 安全库存safety lead time 安全提前期standard cost system 标准成本体系shop floor control 车间作业控制shop order 车间定单scrap 废品率scheduler 计划员supply chain 供需链shop calendar 工作日历summarized BOM 汇总物料清单scheduled receipts 计划接收量seasonal stock 季节储备ship-to 交货地set up time 准备时间spending variance,expenditure variance 开支差异SMED (single-minute exchange of dies) 快速换模法simulated cost 模拟成本shrinkage 缩减率synchronous manufacturing 同步制造SOP (sales and operations planning) 销售与动作规划【T】transit time 传送时间top management commitment 领导承诺time bucket 时段time fence 时界time zone 时区TOC (Theory of Constraints) 约束理论transportation inventory,pipeline stock 在途库存total lead time 总提前期【V】volume variance 产量差异value chain 价值链virtual organization 虚拟企业value-added chain 增值链【W】work order 车间定单wait time 等待时间work flow 工作流work center 工作中心world class manufacturing excellence 国际优秀制造业what-if 如果怎样-将会怎样