汽车专业英语读译教程(梁桂航 第3版 )习题与答案TEXT B.docx

汽车专业英语读译教程(第3版)TEXT B课后练习题(EXERCISES)参考答案UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICSTEXT B Automobile's History/ Translate the following English names of car makers into Chinese:1. General Motors Corporation 通用汽车公司2. Ford Motor Co.福特汽车公司3. Chrysler Motors Corporation 克莱斯勒汽车公司4. Toyota Motor Corporation 丰田汽车公司5. Nissan Motor Co. Ltd.日产汽车公司6. Honda Motor Co. Ltd.本田汽车公司7. Mitsubishi Motors Corporation 三菱汽车公司8. Mercedes-Benz AG梅赛德斯-奔驰汽车公司9. BMW AG宝马汽车公司10. Volkswagen AG群众汽车公司11. Audi AG奥迪汽车公司12. Suzuki Motor Corporation 铃木汽车公司13. Isuzu Motors Ltd.五十铃汽车公司14. Mazda Motor Corporation 马自达汽车公司15. Volvo Car Corporation 沃尔沃轿车公司16. Volvo Bus Corporation 沃尔沃巴士公司17. Porsche AG保时捷汽车公司/. Translate the following English names of cars into Chinese:1. Chevrolet Corvette; Buick Century; Cadillac Deville 雪佛兰克尔维特；别克世纪；凯 迪拉克德维尔2. Ford Mustang; Ford Mendeo; Lincoln Town Car 福特野马；福特蒙迪欧；林肯城市3. Dodge Caravan; Jeep Grand Cherokee; New Yorker 道奇捷龙；吉普大切诺基；纽约人4. Landcruiser; Camry; Crown; Lexus陆地巡洋舰；凯美瑞；皇冠；雷克萨斯1. What are the advantages of continuously variable transmission?Because there are no gears to tie a given road speed directly to a given engine speed, the CVT can vary the engine speed as needed to access maximum power as well as maximum fuel efficiency. This allows the CVT to provide quicker acceleration than a conventional automatic or manual transmission while delivering superior fuel economy.2. What are the main components of automated manual transmission?Transmission control ECU, clutch activator, transmission actuator, operators, and sensorsII. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese ：The basic technical criteria for continuously variable transmissions are size, weight, transmission-ratio range, transfer efficiency, noise emissions and installation possibilities. With regard to these aspects, mechanical continuously variable transmissions, in the form of chain-driven transmission, have provided the best results so far.评判无级变速器的基本技术标准是尺寸、重量、传动比范围、传动效率、噪声排放和安 装可能性。在这些方面，链传动形式的机械无级变速器提供了迄今为止最好的结果。UNIT 10 BRAKING SYSTEMSTEXT B Traction Control System (TRAC) and Electronic StabilityControl (ESC)/ Answer the following questions:1. What is the purpose of a traction control system?The purpose of the traction control system (TCS, or TRAC) (Fig. 10-3) is to prevent wheel spin from occurring due to acceleration.2. What is the purpose of a electronic stability control?ESC uses sensors to detect when a driver is about to lose control of the vehicle and automatically intervenes to provide stability and help the driver stay on the intended course, especially in oversteering and understeering situations.3. List the main parts of a traction control system?TRAC OFF switch, sub-throttle actuator, Sub-Throttle Position Sensor,TRAC Pump,TRAC Brake Actuator4. List the main parts of electronic stability control?It incorporates anti-lock brakes (ABS) and traction control (TCS).11. Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1. traction control system(TCS)牵引力控制系统2. electronic stability control (ESC)电子稳定性控制3. TRAC brake actuator TRAC 制动执行器4. sub-throttle plate 副节气门5. electronic stability program (ESP)电子稳定性程序UNIT 11 SUSPENSION AND STEERING SYSTEMSTEXT B Advanced Suspension Systems/ Answer the following questions:1. List are the main parts of a automatic leveling suspension system?An air compressor, a compressor relay, an air dryer, an exhaust solenoid, a control module, a height sensor, a pair of air adjustable rear shock absorbers and the air lines and fittings connecting the compressor to the shocks.2. List the main parts of a computer-controlled air suspension?A compressor/air dryer assembly, a compressor relay, a pair of front air struts with integral height sensors, a pair of rear air springs, a pair of rear shocks, a control module, the air lines, a compressor, a rear height sensor (in the right rear shock absorber), a wiring harness assembly and a compressor cover.3. List the main parts of a typical ride control system ?Steering sensors, which monitor the direction and speed of steering wheel rotation; brake sensors, which monitor brake system applications; and an acceleration signal sensor, which monitors the rate of acceleration.4. What is meant by an "active suspension'?Computerized ride control systems, also called active suspensions, are computer-controlled electronic suspension systems that can adapt to specific driving conditions.II. Translate the followings into English:1 .空气压缩机air compressor2 .空气干燥器air dryer3 .空气弹簧air springs.主动悬架 active suspension4 .计算机控制空气悬架 computer-controlled air suspension.线性高度传感器height sensor5 .可调式空气减振器 air adjustable shock absorbers.控制模块 control moduleUNIT 12 BODY ELECTRICAL SYSTEMSTEXT B Cruise Control System and Remote Keyless-EntrySystem/. Answer the following questions:1. List the main parts of the cruise control systems.vehicle speed sensor, operator controls, control module, and throttle actuator.2. How does the controller chip in any modern controller works?However, the controller chip in any modern controller uses something called a hopping code or a rolling code to provide security. For example, a system uses a 40-bit rolling code. Forty bits provide 240 (about 1 trillion) possible codes. Here's how it works: The transmitter's controller chip has a memory location that holds the current 40-bit code. When you push a button on your key fob, it sends that 40-bit code along with a function code that tells the car what you want to do (lock the doors, unlock the doors, open the trunk, etc.). The receiver's controller chip also has a memory location that holds the current 40-bit code. If the receiver gets the 40-bit code it expects, then it performs the requested function. If not, it does nothing. Both the transmitter and the receiver use the same pseudo-random number generator. When the transmitter sends a 40-bit code, it uses the pseudo-random number generator to pick a new code, which it stores in memory. On the other end, when the receiver receives a valid code, it uses the same pseudo-random number generator to pick a new one. In this way, the transmitter and the receiver are synchronized. The receiver only opens the door if it receives the code it expects. If you are a mile away from your car and accidentally push the button on the transmitter, the transmitter and receiver are no longer synchronized. The receiver solves this problem by accepting any of the next 256 possible valid codes in the pseudo-random number sequence. This way, you could “accidentally” push a button on the transmitter up to 256 times and it would be okay - the receiver would still accept the transmission and perform the requested function. However, if you accidentally push the button 257 times, the receiver will totally ignore your transmitter. It won't work anymore.So, what do you do if you desynchronize your transmitter by pushing the button on it 300 times, so that the receiver no longer recognizes it? Most cars give you a way to resynchronize. Here is a typical procedure: Turn the ignition key on and off eight times in less than 10 seconds. This tells the security system in the car to switch over to programming mode. Press a button on all of the transmitters you want the car to recognize. Most cars allow at least four transmitters. Switch the ignition off.Given a 40-bit code, four transmitters and up to 256 levels of look-ahead in the seudo-random number generator to avoid desynchronization, there is a one-in-a-billion chance of your transmitter opening another car*s doors. When you take into account the fact that all car manufacturers use different systems and that the newest systems use many more bits, you can see that it is nearly impossible for any given key fob to open any other car door.II. Translate the phrases and expressions into Chinese:1. vehicle speed sensor 车速传感器2. to set the desired speed 设置希望的车速3. throttle actuator节气门执行器4. rolling code 滚动码5. controller chip 控制器芯片6. requested function 请求功能7. key fob钥匙坠大小的存储器8. valid code有效代码9. programming mode 编程模式10. security system 平安系统UNIT 13 AUTOMOTIVE COMPUTERS ANDCOMMUNICATION SYSTEMTEXT B Automotive Network/. Answer the following questions:1. Explain what is meant by a “serial data stream”?A serial data stream is a digitized code of ones and zeros that is known as a binary code.2. What is a data bus network?The wire or wires over which serial data is transmitted is referred to as a data bus network.3. What is a pulse width modulated (PWM) serial data stream?In general, a twisted pair data bus sends data in a fixed pulse width data stream. Each of the data bits is the same length. Data bits that are strung together in this way are referred to as a pulse width modulated (PWM) serial data stream.4. The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has divided the speed of serial data transfer for automotive applications into three classes. What are they?Class A is the slowest transmission rate with speeds less than 10 kbps. Class A networks are used for low-priority data transmission, generally related to non-critical body control module functions such as memory seats. Class B networks are mid-speed range networks with data transmission speeds between 10 kbps and 125 kbps, generally related to less critical devices such as HVAC, advanced lighting systems, and dash clusters. Class C networks have the fastest data transmission rate with speeds up to 1 Mbps. Class C networks are the most expensive to produce and are used for "mission critical” data transmission that flow at "real-time" speeds. Examples of Class C data include fuel control and ABS activation activity. The DLC is also connected to the Class C network for improved on-board diagnostics.5. What is called a node?The CAN protocol uses smart sensors. Each component contains its own control unit (microprocessor) called a "node.”6. Using the CAN protocol technology, the overall vehicle wiring harness size is greatly reduced. Why?Since the CAN protocol technology allows for many nodes on one set of wiring, the overall vehicle wiring harness size is greatly reduced.IL Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese ：1. The twisted pair helps to eliminate the induction of electromagnetic interference (EMF), which could disrupt or cloud the data signal.双绞线有助于消除电磁干扰，电磁干扰可能干扰 数据信号。2. The data bus network eliminates the need to run hard wire from each sensor to each control module. Instead, the information is shared on the bus network.数据总线网络消除了从每个传感 器到每个控制模块硬线的需要。相反，这些信息会在总线网络上共享。3. The Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol is the latest serial bus communication network used on OBDII systems and offers real-time control.控制器局域网协议是用于 OBD n系统的最新的串行总线通信网络，它可提供实时控制。4. The low-speed version can operate at 125 kilobits per second (Kbps) and is used for body control modules and passenger comfort features.低速版本可以以 125 千比特每秒(kbps)运行， 用于车身控制模块和乘客舒适功能。5. The high-speed version can operate at 1 megabit per second (Mbps) and is used for powertrain management systems, and operates in virtually real-time data rate transfer speeds. 高 速版本可以以1兆比特每秒的速度运行，并用于动力管理系统，并以几乎实时数据速率的传 输速度运行。6. With CAN, a scan tool is capable of communicating directly with sensors, independently of the PCM.使用CAN,故障扫描仪能够直接与传感器通信，独立于PCM之外。UNIT 14 ELECTRIC AND AUTONOMOUS VEHICLESTEXT B Autonomous VehiclesI .Answer the following questions:1. Which devices are used for environment perception?For environment perception, both image-based sensors like monocular and stereo cameras (monochrome and color), and range sensing devices like RADAR and LIDAR are used.2. Some typical measurements regarding the own vehicle are incorporated for a good estimation of the motion. What are they?To estimate the vehicle's motion, measurements from odometry and inertial sensors are incorporated, supported mainly by global position measurements from GPS.II.Put the following paragraphs into Chinese:1. Three elements are common to all autonomous ground vehicles: sensors to perceive the environment and the own movement, on-board computers, and actuators for vehicle control. 所有 自动驾驶地面车辆都有三个共同的元素：感知环境和自身运动的传感器、车载计算机和用于 车辆控制的执行器。2. Actuators are necessary for closing the control loop, e.g., for steering wheel, brake, or throttle control.闭合控制回路需要执行器，例如，用于方向盘、制动器或油门控制的执行器。3. An imprecise localization of an autonomous vehicle might result in catastrophic behavior. The vehicle could drive on the wrong side of the road, it could believe a goal position to be inside a large obstacle, or it might even expect pedestrians crossing the road to be on the sidewalk. 自动 驾驶车辆定位不精确可能会导致灾难性的行为。车辆可能会在道路的错误的一侧行驶，它可 能认为目标位置在一个大障碍物内部，或者它甚至可能将穿过马路的行人误认为是在路边人 行道上。UNIT 15 New Battery Electric VehiclesTEXT B Layout Design of Battery Electric Commercial VehiclesI .Answer the following questions:1. What are the requirements for the vehicle layout of battery electric commercial vehicles ?The vehicle layout of battery electric commercial vehicles should meet the requirements of safety, environmental protection and related regulations and international practices, as well as the corresponding functional and performance requirements.2. Where is the electric drive system for typical layout of high-voltage parts of low-floor battery electric vehicles arranged at?The electric drive system is arranged at the bottom of the rear section.II.Put the following paragraphs into Chinese:1. The vehicle layout of battery electric commercial vehicles should meet the requirements of safety, environmental protection and related regulations and international practices, as well as the corresponding functional and performance requirements.纯电动商用车的整车布置应满足平安、环保和相关法规、国际惯例要求，以及相应的功 能、性能要求。2. Electric accessories, electric control unit is mainly concentrated in the vehicle under the last row of seats and the rear high-voltage parts compartment, the electric control unit and the rear suiTound should ensure a certain safety distance.电附件、电控单元主耍集中布置在车辆末排座椅下方及后高压元器件舱体，电控单元与 后围保证一定的平安距离。3. In addition, reliable mechanical and electrical connections need to be provided between the power battery pack and the vehicle, and heat dissipation and insulation needs should be fully considered.此外，动力电池组和整车之间需要提供可靠的机械和电气连接，并充分考虑散热和保温 需求。5. Bluebird; Sunny; Infiniti 蓝鸟；阳光；英菲尼迪6. Accord; Acura 雅阁；讴歌7. Pajero; galant帕杰罗；格兰特8. Passat; Golf帕萨特；高尔夫UNIT 2 ENGINE MECHANICALTEXT B Valve SystemsI .Answer the following questions：1. List the components of the valve system.Camshaft, valves, lifters2. What are the advantages of a VVT system?In essence, the system controls valve overlap, which means it can eliminate it completely for a glass smooth idle, or maximize it to boost volumetric efficiency and reduce pumping losses-this translates into power, economy and cleaner running at all engine speeds.3. What are t