2022年湖南省永州市中考英语真题卷（含答案与解析）.docx

永州市2022年初中学业水平考试英语考前须知:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形 码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置O.选择题每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试题卷上无效。2 .非选择题的作答用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试 题卷上无效。3 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一局部听力技能（共两节，计20分） 第一节（共5分，每题1分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最正确答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题，每题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。1. What does the man need?A.B.C.2. What does Lucy's cousin look like?A.B.C.3. Where did the woman go?A.B.C.4. How much is the red dress?A.B.第二节（共15分，每题1分）听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给 的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最正确答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时 间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。要求：1）文中不得出现真实人名，校名和地名；2）语言通顺，表达正确;3）至少三个理由：4）词数：80词左右。My favorite English homeworkReasonsWishes/Suggestions1. the whole book reading 整 本书阅读2. play show话剧表演3. king of words 单词王4. collection of translation of public places公共场所 的英语译文5. movie dubbing电影酉己音6. volunteer guide for foreigners给老外当导游1. develop/raise reading interest, reading habit.2. improve reading ability, thinking ability, language ability, writing ability, communication ability.3. build confidence 树立自 信4. enlarge vocabulary 扩大 词汇5. learn by practice6. enrich knowledge and experience7. know about western culture8. tell Chinese good stories9. spread Chinese traditional and excellent culture参考词汇："双减"政策"Double Reduction, policy；减轻学生负担 release students9 burden；提升教学效果 improve teaching quality参考答案第一局部听力技能（共两节，计20分）第一节（共5分，每题1分）听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最正确答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。1. What does the man need?A.B.C.2. What does Lucy's cousin look like?A.B.3. Where did the woman go?A.B.4. How much is the red dress?A. A B. . L" C, 第二节（共15分，每题1分）听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最正确答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。.听第一段材料，回答第67小题。6. What is the womarfs favorite subject?A. PE. B. Music. C. Math.7. Why does the woman like it?A. Because it is ralaxing. B. Because it is interesting. C. Because it is educational.听第二段材料，回答第89小题。8. What are they going to have for dinner?A. Dumplings. B. Noodles. C. Sandwiches.9. Who will help them to make dinner?A. Dave's mother. B. Lisa's father. C. Dave's sister.听第三段材料，回答第1011小题。10. What will the weather be like this Saturday?A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.11. What will the woman do on Saturday?A. She will climb the mountains. B. She will stay at home. C. She will volunteer at the library. 听第四段材料，回答第1214小题What kind of movie are they going to watch?A. Comedy. B. Action movie. C. Sitcom.12. What time does the movie begin?A. 6:30p.m. B. 7:00p.m. C. 7:30p.m.13. How does Jack go to the cinema?A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.听第五段材料，回答第1517小题。14. What kind of books does the woman borrow?A. Western culture. B. Chinese food. C. Eastern history.15. How many books does the woman borrow?A. One book. B. Two books. C. Three books.16. How long can the woman keep the books?A. Three days. B. Seven days. C. Nine days.听第六段材料，回答第1820小题。17. Where did the school English Day take place?A. In the school library. B. On the school playground. C. In the school hall.18. What was the most popular activity on that day?A. Handwriting competition. B. Speech contest. C. Singing show.19. What did the speaker think of the English Day?A. Useful. B. Wonderful. C. Meaningful.第二局部阅读技能（共两节，计50分）第一节阅读选择（共40分，每题2分）阅读下面的材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最正确答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。AFood Gone to WasteMore than a billion tons of food are wasted each year, according to a new report from the United Nations. Thafs 17% of the food produced in the world in a year.Most waste happens at home, the reports say. People buy too much food. They also throw it away too soon because of the date on the package. Waste happens in restaurants and stores, too.Experts say governments need to do more to avoid food waste and develop better habits. Richard Swannell is one of the reports authors. He hopes the government will lead people to value food more. "Food is too important to waste." he says.1. How much food is wasted each year?A. More than a million tons.B. More than a billion tons.C. Over 17% of the food produced.2. Where does most food waste happen?A. In restaurants.B. At home.C. In stores.【答案】IB 2.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食物浪费的相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“More than a billion tons of food are wasted each year”可知，每年有超过十亿吨的食物被浪 费，应选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Most waste happens at home”可知，大多数浪费发生在家里，应选B。Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in need. This group works all over the world.Volunteers help build the homes. They are unpaid workers. Volunteers can be builders and painters. They can also be teachers or bankers. Some are students. Habitat for Humanity has built more than 300,000 houses.r>umber of Houses Builtbuilt fronbuilt fronJ(R) <MM1(Nwshouses Habiut fbr Humanity6 10 2007. The group was set up in 1976.ii HI.immi1976 1991XJ mM) (MM200.000100.0001996YearsWhen was Habitat for Humanity set up?A. In 1976.B.In 1996.C. In 2007.3. How many houses did Habitat for Humanity build in 2003?A. 100,000.B. 150,000.C. 300,000.4. Whom does Habitat for Humanity build homes for?A. Families in need.B. Unpaid workers.C. Builders and painters.【答案】3.A4.B5. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了 Habitat for Humanity人类的栖息地组织的相关信息，包括 成立时间、建造房子的数量以及志愿者的人员组成等等。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据图表中的“The group was set up in 1976.”可知人类的栖息地组织是在1976年创立的。应选Ao【4题详解】细节理解题。根据图表中的“Number of Houses”时间轴2003对应的数字150,000可知人类的栖息地组织在2003年建造了 150,000间房子。应选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据 uHabitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in need.v 可知人类的栖息 地组织是一个为有需要的家庭建造房子的组织。应选A。CParents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting pocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been watering in the garden since he was 8. He owned his own tools with the help of his parents. Now he has saved $7,800. Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system. And he is going to buy a car next year.Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady manages a company toward children and young adults. "They shouldn't be always thinking of spending money." Brady warns. Instead, they should understand basic rules for making money, saving money, and managing money.That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past ten years, most Americans aged 18 to 24 borrowed nearly $3,000 on credit cardd言用卡）.Among high school seniors, four out of five have never taken a class about money.Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed（欠）$2,000 on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the money off slowly by herself. "Now every time I use money, I know that it comes from my own pocket J Giselle says. "That gives me a sense of responsibility fbr my actions." Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn't have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves.5. What is the goal of most parents about money?A. To set kids'pocket money.B. To get money to spend.C. lb teach kids how to deal with money wisely.6. What is the best way to teach about money in The Tidier family?A. To buy expensive things.B. To give kids some money.C. To let kids make some money.7. What did Ryan buy with his own money?C. Watering toolsC. $7,800.C. By herself.A.A car.B.A bike.8. How much money did Giselle owe on her first credit card?A.$2,000.B.$3,000How did Giselle pay the money of she owed?A.By credit card.B.By her parents.【答案】6.C7.C8.B9. A 10. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了让孩子学会明智的处理自己的金钱。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely.”可知，大多数 父母的目标是教他们的孩子如何明智地处理金钱。应选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money.”可知，丹佛市的Tidier 一家发现教育金钱的最好方法就是让他们的孩子赚钱。应选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system.”可知，他买了 一辆自行车和一套 很棒的音响系统。应选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed（欠）$2,000 on her first credit card.“可知，吉赛尔的第一张信用卡欠了 2000美元，应选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据“Then she paid the money off slowly by herself.”可知，吉赛尔自己还的信用卡，应选C。DOn August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited（限制）to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking.Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some studentspinions.Esme McNeely, 11The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.Lucas Barone, 11The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won't make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kidsiendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.Xiuhan Zhu, 9I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren't careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.Ning Li, 10Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids9 learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.9. When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?A. On Mondays.B. On Wednesday.C. On weekends.10. Who is against screen-time limits?A. Esme McNeely.B. Xiuhan Zhu.C. Ning Li.11. What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?A. Screen time might do no harm to kids.B Screen time can improve kids' friendships.C. Screen time won't help kids make friends.12. What are Ning Li's opinions about screen-time limits?A. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.B. Criminals can get important information easily.C. People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.15. What is the article mainly about?A. Screen time can be educational.B. Screen time can lead to less social time.C. Whether the government should set screen-time limits.【答案】IL C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C【解析】【导语】本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据"On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited（限制）to an hour a day of online gaming. 可知，在周末和节假日，孩子们每天只能玩一个小时的网络游戏。应选C。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据"Esme McNeely, 1 l.The government should not set screen-time limits.”可知,Esme McNeely反对限制，应选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won't make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids，friendships."可知，科罗拉多大学博尔德分校 2021 年的一项 研究称，屏幕时间对孩子的伤害可能比人们想象的要小，一些家长担忧孩子上网太多会交不到朋友，但研 究报告称，屏幕时间实际上可以改善孩子们的友谊。应选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。 根据“If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family.”可知，如果限制屏幕时间，人们就会被鼓励花更多的时间和家人在一起。应选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。选项 C”政府是否应该设置屏幕时间限制”符合主题，应选CoESmart, Social AnimalsRecently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles（肖）and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other's voices. However, the scientists didn't know that dolphins listen for their names too.To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin's voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin's unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call fbr help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It's a skill that's seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats.Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this.Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship.Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication? Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question!16. What have researchers found about dolphins recently?A. Dolphins know their own names.B. Dolphins only hear each other's voices.C. Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.17. Just before the researchers recorded dolphins'name calls, they.A. copied dolphins' voicecaught 14 dolphinsB. trained the dolphins to whistleWhen a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do?A. It will call for help.B. It will turn its head.C. It will touch another dolphin.18. What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication?A. Elephants can communicate by smell.B