主题12中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练.docx

中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练12001 A阅读理解中国科学家发现世界上“最害羞的”花002 B阅读理解世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣003 C阅读理解埃及迁都，为开罗减负004D任务型阅读3D打印-继微波炉之后的烹饪新突破!005 E完形填空72岁老人为妻子建造旋转房屋006F短文填空广东麦当劳的环保新招儿A阅读理解主题：中国科学家发现世界上“最害羞的”花Chinese scientists have discovered four kinds of Gentiana（龙月旦）on theQinghai-Tibet Plateau, whose flowers can close within seconds after being touched, making them the most sensitive （敏感的） flowers in the world, according to a recently published study."The flowers disappeared quickly in front of you,“ said Dai Can, one of the scientists who led the study. Some people on Chinese social media said the flowers are the "shyest“ in the world. The rapid movement of petals （花瓣） has always been interesting to scientists and nature lovers, as unlike animals, plants are usually static.Leaves of carnivorous （食肉的）plants can react to touch. Before the Gentiana discoveries, the only known plant to display such behavior was the sundew plant （茅 膏草）. Its green leaves can curl up within 2 to 10 minutes after being touched by a fly. It takes between 4 and 6 days for the leaf to digest （肖化）the fly it catches.However, the four kinds of Gentiana take 7 to 210 seconds to close their petals, making them the most sensitive and fast-reacting flowers in the world, the study said.The flowers were discovered in 2020 near a lake in Nagchu, Tibet Autonomous Region.The Gentiana's flower could protect itself from repeated visits by bumblebees, which have a large body, the 3. A 细节理解题。根据第四段的 The front of the sweater shows a reindeer standing in the snow wearing a Santa hat, with stars all over the sweater.可知，这件毛衣的正面是一只戴着圣诞帽站在雪地里的驯鹿，毛衣上布满 了星星。4.B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了英国艺术家艾丹利班制作了世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣。难句分析The first ugly sweater party took place in 2002 in Vancouver, Canada, to raise money for a friend's cancer treatment.第一个丑毛衣派对在2002年的加拿大温哥华举办，目的是为一位朋友的癌症治疗筹集资金。动词不定式短语to raise money for a friend' s cancer treatment在句中作目的状语。c阅读理解埃及内阁于2021年12月在新首都举行了首次会议。2015年，埃及首次宣布在开罗东部的沙漠中修建 新首都，以应对开罗庞大的人口。该工程将耗资至少600亿美元。1. B推理判断题。根据埃及现任总理马德布利的讲话Our meeting today sends a strong and clear message to the world that Egypt is taking vigorous steps toward the future in spite of the challenges it faces 可知， 马德布利认 为，尽管面临挑战，埃及仍在朝着未来砥砺前行，这说明他对埃及的未来充满信心。2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段的 the new administrative capital is rising out of the desert east of Cairo. This is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi*s pet project可知，新行政首都是埃及总统阿卜杜勒。法塔赫塞西钟爱的工程。3. A 词义猜想题。根据下文 the city is expected to be the same in size as the city of Singapore 可知，这 座城 市预计将与新加坡市一样大，故可猜想scale意思是“规模”。4. B 推理判断题。根据第四段的 Once completed, the city will.create more than two million new jobs.可知， 一旦建成，这座城市将创造200多万个新就业岗位，即吸引很多人去那儿工作。5. B主旨大意题。倒数第二段主要介绍了埃及决定建立新首都的原因。难句分析Besides the government district, the new city will have a diplomatic quarter,and a state-of-the-art culture and arts center, and it will also be a financial center of Egypt.除了政府区，这座新城市还将有外交区及最先进的文化 艺术中心，并且它还将成为埃及的金融中心。besides意思是“除,之外（还有）", state-of-the-art意思是“应用最先进技术的；最先进的”。D任务型阅读3D打印食物可能是继微波炉之后烹饪领域的最大突破。科学家表示，食物打印最早将在2030年为人们大规模生产食品。1. B 上文提到 Food printing. .has lots of potential for our fUture.”食物打印在未来有很大的潜力”,B 项 That's because it can connect digital with physical.“那是因为它可以将数字与实体联系起来”是对上一句的解释。2. D根据下文It was around the 1970s.可知,D项符合语境。3. C选项C中的The technology是指上文的Microwave ovens,前后语义连贯。4. E上文提到The pulped meat,此处顺承表示这种肉的特点，故E项This kind of meat can be more easily eaten. 符合语境。5. F由下文Then they would be processed into a paste"它们会被加工成糊状”可知，F项所述与此处语义连贯。难句分析Then they would be processed into a paste, printed and baked into a cake.然后，它们会被加工成糊状，打印 出来，然后烘烤成蛋糕。printed和baked与前面的be processed并列，与前面的would构成一般将来时的被动语态。E完形填空一位72岁的波黑老人，为了让妻子欣赏到不同视角的风景，历时六年亲手建造了一所可以旋转的房子。1. B 根据下文 Then he built. whatever view she wanted out of the windows.可知，妻子对房子的视野有怨 言。2. A动词see可与下文的view搭配。3. D 根据下文 she can watch a rising sun in one moment and passers-by in the next."她就可以在这一刻看到冉 冉升起的太阳，下一刻又可以看到路人”，可知，库斯克设计这所房子是为了取悦妻子。4. C根据下文who is self-taught可知，库斯克自学成才，自己设计的房屋。5. B与上文的slowest比照，此处是指fastest“最快的”速度。6. D根据下文Kusic started tearing down walls.可 知，在此之前，库斯克已经建造过一所不能旋转的房子。7. A 此处they指代上文的their bedrooms。8. C根据下文she couldn? t see people entering their front yard可知，她看不到进入他们前院的人,由此可 推知，人们通过马路进入前院，故他们的客厅背对着马路。9. B此处指他的妻子关于房间应该朝哪一个方向的想法。abou亡关于“，符合语境。10. C根据下文的motors“马达”可知,前面用electric修饰,指“电动马达”。11. B根据上文he decided to build a house that could rotate可知，库斯克决定建造一所可以旋转的房子，这 样妻子就不用选择房间朝哪个方向了。12. D 根据文章的第一句 A 72-year-old man built a house that can rotate all the way around.可知，库 斯克建造 了一所可以朝四周旋转的房子，这是一项创造，库斯克应该是受到了其他创造家的启发。13. A根据句意“他贫穷的家庭背景迫使他寻找自己制作东西的方法”可确定选look for。其他选项语义不通 顺。14. B由下文I had enough time and knowledge“我 有足够的时间和知识”可知，此处选knowledgeoB根据上文make things by himself可知，这所房子完全是由库斯克先生自己花费六年时间建造的。 难句分析But this meant their living room faced away from the road, and his wife complained that she couldn't see people entering their front yard.但这意味着他们的客 厅背对着马路，他的妻子抱怨说，她看不到进入他们前 院的人。and 连接两个并列句。their living room faced away from the road 是宾语从句，作 meant 的宾语；that she couldn' t see people entering their front yard 是宾语从 句， 作 complained 的宾语。F短文填空最近，一段关于顾客在广东一家麦当劳餐厅边用餐边骑健身脚踏车的视频在社交媒体上走红。该麦当劳 餐厅里，固定脚踏车被用作座位。这种脚踏车由可回收塑料制成，不仅能鼓励人们在吃东西时燃烧卡路里， 还能让他们用所产生的能量给智能手机充电。这项新建议旨在鼓励更多的绿色行为。1. Recently由语境可知，此处应用副词recently“最近”。2. recycled根据最后一段的plastic parts from recycled materials可知，这种脚踏车由可回收塑料制成。3. but not only. but also.是固定搭配，意思是“不them此处需用代词指代上文的chairs,且作宾语，故填them。4. riding根据下文的abike可知，应用ride； be seen doing sth意思是“被看到正在做某事6.like此处like是介词，look like "看起来像”。7 . be seen句意：在该女子旁边的男子也被看到一边吃着汉堡，一边在另一辆脚踏车上锻炼。此处为带情 态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词+be done。8 .choice 根据上文 And tables without stationary bicycles can also be seen in the background,可知， 没有固定 脚踏车的桌子也可以在背景中看到，所以你有选择。前面的冠词a为提示，故填名词choice。9 .to burn此处用动词不定式to burn作表语。10 .more句意”旨在鼓励更多的绿色行为二 这是建议，表示“更多的"，故填more。难句分析A woman is eating a McDonald's burger while drinking what looks like Coca-Cola as she pedals with her feeton the bike.一名女子一边用脚踩着脚踏车，一边吃着麦当劳汉堡，同时喝着貌似可口可乐的饮料。what引导宾语从句。as意为“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。study said.* Another explanation could be that the plant encourages bumblebees to transfer pollen （传播花粉） among a wider range of flowers, since a closed flower would show them that it has already been visited and the bees should look for another flower. Wang Qingfeng, a researcher at Wuhan Botanical Garden, said both should be examined further in future studies.1 After being touched, the Gentiana can close its flower.A. in about 10 minutesin more than 2 minutesB. within 7 to 210 secondsbetween 4 and 6 days2 The underlined word "static" in the passage probably means""A. very beautifulB. not movingC. having a short lifeD. enjoyableWhat can we infer from the passage?A. The plants living in Nagchu can react to touch.B. The four kinds of Gentiana are endangered plants.C. The sundew plant is a kind of carnivorous plant.D. Bumblebees are harmful to the Gentiana's flower.3 The last paragraph is mainly about.A. how the Gentiana flower protects itselfwhy the Gentiana's flower closes its petalsB. how the Gentiana's flower encourages bumblebeeswhat Wang Qingfeng thinks of the study4 What is the best title for the passage?A. Facts of four kinds of GentianaScientists discover the “shyest" flower in the worldB. Flowers on the Qinghai-Tibet PlateauSecrets of carnivorous plantsB阅读理解主题：世界上最贵的圣诞丑毛衣Every third Friday of December, people all over the UK wear their ugly Christmas sweaters for National Ugly Sweater Day. This year, you can be the owner of a holiday sweater made from silk, 24-carat gold,diamonds and Swarovski crystals （施华洛世奇水晶）Aidan Liban, 33, from London, is an artist. He has made a Christmas sweater that sells for $39,654. He says this makes it the "world's most expensive" sweater ever made.Aidan Liban spent 3,000 hours and more than $9,000 creating the sweater over about a year. He says that the sweater's selling price is so high because of all the hours he spent on nights and weekends to make it by hand.The front of the sweater shows a reindeer standing in the snow wearing a Santa hat, with stars all over the sweater. The sweater includes more than 150 diamonds used to make stars, as well as almost 2,000 Swarovski crystals.Aidan says he used all of his savings to pay for the materials. He plans to give some of the money he makes from selling the sweater to the UK's National Health Service, if he*s able to find somebody to buy it.He came up with the idea in 2020 during the lockdown （封锁） and was only able to finish the sweater in November, 2021. His sweater can be worn, but because of the materials it's made from, it can't be washed.“It is a true piece of art,“ Aidan said. "I want it to wow people and break up the doom and gloom （悲观失望） we've been hearing about for the past few years.”It has become a tradition to wear ugly sweaters at Christmas parties in some parts of the world. The first ugly sweater party took place in 2002 in Vancouver, Canada, to raise money for a friend's cancer treatment.1 Why does Aidan sell the sweater for $39,654?A. Because he thinks it's the most expensive sweater in the world.B. Because he spent a lot of time making it by hand.C. Because he wants to tell people that he is a famous British artist.D. Because he spent more than $9,000 on the sweater.2 Which word can be used to describe Aidan's sweater?A. Common.B. Che叩.C. Eye-catching.D. Stupid.3 According to the passage, which of the following pictures is Aidan's sweater?4 The passage is mainly about.A. the traditional activities on National Ugly Sweater Daythe world's most expensive ugly Christmas sweaterB. the way to make an ugly Christmas sweaterthe UK's National Health ServiceC阅读理解主题：埃及迁都，为开罗减负In the new capital, Egypt's cabinet （内 I阁）held its first ever meeting in December,2021 /Our meeting today sends a strong and clear message to the world that Egypt is taking vigorous （有力的）steps toward the future in spite of the challenges it faces.1' Madbouly, now prime minister said.First announced in March, 2015,the new administrative （行政的） capital is rising out of the desert east ofCairo. This is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's pet project, which will cost at least $60 billion to give rise to a modern, new city in Egypt to replace the old.Egypt's new capital is located 45 km east of Cairo on the way to the port city of Suez. It will cover an area of around 700 square kilometers. For scale, the city is expected to be the same in size as the city of Singapore.Besides the government district, the new city will have a diplomatic （夕卜交的）quarter, and a state-of-the-art culture and arts center, and it will also be a financial （金融的） center of Egypt. * President Sisi himself will move there along with all ministries. It will also have the tallest skyscrapers （摩天大楼）in Africa. It uses a smart traffic system, and its public services will be entirely digital. Once completed, the city will have a population of 6.5 million and create more than two million new jobs.Egypt decided to build the new capital in the desert outside Cairo to deal with the large population in Cairo. The city has been the capital for more than a thousand years. It's quite crowded. The population of Cairo isamEgypt is not the only country to move its capital city. Some countries have more than one capital. For example, South Africa has three and Bolivia （玻利维亚）has two.1 About Egypt's future, Madbouly felt quite.A. worriedB. confidentC. painfulD. angryWhich of the following is President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi*s pet project?A. The development of Cairo.B. The tallest skyscrapers in Africa.C. The smart traffic system of Egypt.D. The new administrative capital.2 The underlined word "scale“ in the passage probably means""in Chinese.A.规模B.环境C.财政D.位置The writer implies （暗示）that the new capital.A. is harmful to the environment aroundwill attract many people to work thereB. is the industry center of Egyptwill be crowded with a large population3 The second to last paragraph mainly tells usA .the place where Egypt builds the new capitalB. the reason for building the new capitalthe long history of CairoC. the large population in CairoD任务型阅读主题：3D打印.继微波炉之后的烹饪新突破！Australians could soon be 3-D printing entire meals. It could be the biggest breakthrough of cooking since microwave ovens.Hearty Adventures in Food and Play research lab director Dr Rohit Khotsaid J The technology needed to make printing food will change shopping and eating habits in a way. Food printing,I think, has lots of potential （潜力）for our future. 1 "“ 2 It was around the 1970s. After that there hasn*t been anything that has actually caught our attention. Printing can change that, because it can allow us to design food digitally/9Microwave ovens were a big deal when they were invented. 3Three-dimensional food printers typically use an "ink-ingredients often in a paste or powder-to print an item or entire dish layer by layer.Australian researchers have also used 3-D printing to create meats for people who have trouble swallowing（吞）.The pulped （做成浆状的）meat is printed layer by layer, forming a steak-like shape. 4The new appliance could even allow ingredients to be mixed, printed and baked in the one machine.5 Then they would be processed into a paste, printed and baked into a cake.Scientists said food printing would produce large-scale （大批的）food for people as early as 2030根据短文内容，从以下选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A. Food printing would also be a game changer.B. That's because it can connect digital with physical.C.T he technology was exciting and futuristic （极其现代的）.D. The last major invention that happened around cooking was microwaves.E. This kind of meat can be more easily eaten.F. Time-poor bakers could throw eggs, flour and butter into the machine.G. We've realized everybody's needs are different1. 2. 3. 4. 5.E完形填空主题：72岁老人为妻子建造旋转房屋A 72-year old man built a house that can rotate （旋转）all the way around.Vbjin Kusic was tired of his wife's" 1 "about the view from their home.Then he built a rotating house so that his wife would be able to 2 whatever view she wanted out of the windows.Vbjin Kusic said," I design the house in order to 3 my wife so she can watch a rising sun in one moment and passers-by in the next.”Situated on a plain in northern Bosnia near the town of Srbac, the house was 4 by Mr Kusic, who is self-taught, with a view of farmland as well as forests and the river.At its slowest speed, it takes 24 hours for the house to rotate a full circle. At its 5 jt can make a full circle in 22 seconds.Before this, Kusic had 6 built a non-rotating house for his family. At the time, his wife wanted their bedrooms to face the sun, so Kusic made sure that 7 did. But this meant their living room faced away from the 8_,and his wife complained that she couldn't see people entering their front yard.1Kusic started tearing down walls. In ord