不用被动语态的N种情况(2页).doc

-不用被动语态的N种情况-第 2 页不用被动语态的N种情况1. 不及物动词不能用于被动语态。例如：The sun is rising. 太阳冉冉升起。When did the thing occur? 那件事情是什么时候发生的？2. 表示状态特征的系动词。如：look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, become, fall, get, grow, keep等的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：It sounds very good. 听起来很好。3. 表示开始、结束、运动的动词不用于被动语态。这类动词有begin, start, finish, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move等。例如：Class begins at 8 oclock.4. read, write, wash, sell, wear, lock等动词和well, easily, smoothly等连用时，主动形式表示被动意义。例如：The pen writes smoothly.The coat washes easily.5. 一部分动词用进行时表示被动意义。这类动词有：print, cook, fry, hang, build, make等。例如：The novel is printing.The supper is cooking.6. need, want, require, deserve等动词以物做主语时，后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。My watch needs/ wants/ requires repairing.Who said the boy deserves punishing.谁说那男孩应受到惩罚。7. 宾语是反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语时，不用被动语态。例如：I taught myself English.We help each other.They live a happy life.8. 一部分及物动词不用于被动语态。常见的有：fit, have, wish, cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, benefit(受益), lack, own等。例如：He entered the room and got his book.I have a book.9. 一些短语动词不能用于被动语态，如：break out, take place, lose heart(丧失勇气), come true, belong to, consist of（有组成）, add up to, agree with, arrive at/ in, shake hands with, succeed in, walk into（走进）, suffer from（忍受,遭受）， happen to，take part in等.例如： The group, consisting of 5 people, has achieved its goals. 五人小组实现了他们的目标。10. 不定式to blame（责备）, to seek, to let等用主动形式表示被动意义。例如：The house is to let.此房出租。Who is to blame for? 那件事情谁应该受责备？11.不定式作定语与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系时，不定式用主动形式。例如：I have lots of work to do.He is a pleasant person to get along with.他是一个很好相处的人。12. 一部分形容词后接不定式做状语时，不定式用主动形式。常见的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, nice, kind, pleasant等。例如： He is easy to deal with. 他容易相处。 The ground is hard to dig. 这块地难挖。