八年级仁爱版上册知识点归纳.docx
Unit1 Topic 1 Whats your favorite sport?重点词语:1. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner 3.ski(如今分词)skiing 4.famous(比拟级)more famous5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式)left 7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(1) 词组1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间2. betweenand 在两者之间3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油4. prefer doing sth. 更宠爱做某事5. quite a bit/a lot 很多6. plan to do sth. 安排做某事7. have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9. arrive in 到达10. play against 及对抗/比赛11. for long 很久12. leave for 动身去13. the day after tomorrow 后天14. places of interest 名15. 胜16. play baseball 打棒球17. at least 至少18. be good at 擅长做某事19. take part in 参与20. all over the world 全世界21. be good for 对有益22. a good way 一种好方法23. keep fit/healthy 保持安康24. relax oneself 放松某人自己重点句型25. Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最宠爱的运动是什么?26. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更宠爱什么运动?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更宠爱滑雪.27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗?28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping. 她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你宠爱哪种运动?重点语言点31. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常及every day; often等连用.see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进展. 如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了公路 I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过公路. 类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.32. join sb. 表示 “参加某人的行列” “和某人在一起”join + 组织 表示 “参加某个组织”take part in 表示 “参与/出席某个活动”如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high jump.33. arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地点get to + 地点 = reach + 地点如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.留意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home34. leave 分开leave for 动身去/分开到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要分开北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本.35. a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名36. 词a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.37. how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?7.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.8.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态 keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态 如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重点语法 一般将来时：（一）be going to 构造: 表示主语进展某一将来行动的准备、意图。这种准备常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸理论。 如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我准备本周日和同学们一起打篮球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她准备为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预料。指依据迹象推想，而且立刻或很快就要发生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！（二） will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常及表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等连用。will not = wont; 缩略形式为ll.表示作出马上的确定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或安排，是临时的一种确定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西整理好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 对不起。我立刻就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 别担忧。我会帮你的。表示预料。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推想。如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybe she will go to the gym. 或许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。句式：确定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否认句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?答复：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用如今进展时表示将要发生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。下面是Ann的熬炼安排，请依据图片和时间提示，写一篇60词左右的短文，留意要有确定的感想。TimeActivity8: 30-9: 30 Wednesday morning4: 00-5: 30 Friday afternoon1: 00-2: 30 Saturday afternoontomorrow morning.参考范文: Ann likes sports. She does exercise/ has sports in the gym for one hour on Wednesday morning. On Friday afternoon, she often goes swimming from 4:00 to 5:30. She goes hiking from 1: 00 to 2: 30 on Saturday afternoon. Tomorrow morning, she is going to fly a kite in the park. She thinks that its good for our health to do much exercise. Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?一、重点词语:词形转换：(1) adj. + ly adv.loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly angry angrily easy easily(2)过去式：fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt (3) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin 3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(如今分词)smoking 5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比拟级) more important 7.Russia(公民)Russian 8.enjoy(如今分词)enjoying 9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor 11.century(复数)centuries 12.coach(复数)coaches 13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired (二) 词组:have a soccer game 进展一场足球赛fall ill 病倒了be a little far from 离有点远 right away = at once 马上;立刻miss a good chance 错过一个好时机get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分shame on sb. 为某人感到羞愧do ones best 尽某人的力say sorry to sb. 对某人说愧疚be sure to do sth. 确定做某事be angry with 生某人的气with ones help = with the help of sb. 在某人的扶植下serve food 上菜turn up/down 调高/低（音量）keep sb. doing sth. 让某人始终做某事in a minute 一分钟后；立刻on the phone 在 中take a seat 就坐never mind 没关系a lot of traveling 一系列旅行love/enjoy doing sth. 宠爱/欢做某事have a very exciting life 过着特别兴奋的生活as well 也throwinto 把投进follow/obey the rules 遵守规则over a century later 一个多世纪后more and more people 越来越多的人feel tired 感到疲惫instead of 替代 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份安排build up 增进;增加go right 正常运转do the homework 做作业二.重点句型Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?你能帮我吗？ Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗？You are always so careless. 你总是这样马虎大意.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学生们独创了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。三. 重点语言点ill 及 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语) He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)Would you mind (not) doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好吗?”如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 来修理它好吗? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗? 3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一”, 主语是one,表单数. 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最终一班车. He missed his mother. 他惦念他的母亲. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了. 5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “确定做某事” 如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.我们确信下次确定会赢。be sorry for “为某事愧疚”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很愧疚做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到愧疚. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很愧疚弄丢你的书。7tired adj. “（感到）乏累的” , 主语是人 如: I feel tired today. 今日我感到累了.tiring adj. “令人疲惫的”, 主语是事物 如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人乏累.类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 interested 感到好玩的 interesting 好玩的8.15-year-old “15岁的”15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles 9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独运用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.instead of“替代;而不,相反”如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京. = Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了很多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做.中获得乐趣”如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。四、交际用语(2) 恳求和答复 Requests Responses Could you please do me a favor? Sure. What is it? Will you join us? Id be glad to. Would you mind teaching me? Not at all. Lets go and practice. （二）致歉和答复 Apologies Responses Im sorry I didnt call you last night. Never mind.I guess you were busy last night. Im sorry Im late for class. Thats OK. Please take a seat. Im sorry I lost your book. It doesnt matter. That book isnt important to me. Im sorry I broke your pen. Dont worry. I have another pen. .书面表达。（10分）依据表格中所供应的信息，以My favorite player为题写一篇60词左右的短文。（任选其一）NameLin DanBirthday1983/10/14CountryChinaEvent（工程）Badminton（羽毛球）Height1.76mWeight65kgNameZhang YiningBirthday1982/10/05CountryChinaEventTable tennisHeight1.68m. 参考范文: My favorite playerMy favorite player is Zhang Yining who is 1.68 meter tall. She is a table tennis player on the national team of China. She was born on October 5th, 1982. When she was six years old, she began to practice playing ping-pong. She started to play on our national team in 1995. She is clever, quick and hard working. In 2004 Athens Olympic Games, she did very well and got medals. I like her best because I like ping-pong.Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.一、重点词组:join the English club 参加英语俱乐部host the 2008 Olympics 举办2008年奥运会fill out 填出/好go on 发生；进展all the interesting places 全部好玩的地方quite a lot 相当多make friends with 及交挚友be afraid 唯恐be free 有空see you then 再见win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌get 28 gold medals 获得28枚金牌the winner of the first gold medal 第一枚金牌的获胜者every four years 每四年;每隔三年the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的祥瑞物behave well 举止得体improve the environment 改善环境plant trees and grass 种植花草树木a symbol of 一种的象征stand for 代表the five parts of the world 世界的五大局部do morning exercises 做早操be fond of (doing) sth. 宠爱(做)某事二、重点句型1.Could you tell me your name? 你能告知我你的名字吗?= Whats your name?2.What do you do? = Whats your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now. 如今越来越多的外国挚友搭我的出租车.4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 说英语将对我有很大扶植.5.Please fill it out. 请把它填好.6.What will the weather be like this weekend? = How will the weather be this weekend? 本周末的天气怎样?7.There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京将会有更多的公路.三. 重点语言点fill out + 名词 “填好”fill + 名词/代词+out如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 请填好这张表格. Please fill it/them out. (当宾语是代词时, 只能放中间) 请把它(们)填好.be afraid “唯恐” 指有礼貌地、委婉地回绝别人. be afraid of “胆怯(做)” 如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我唯恐没有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他胆怯狗. They are afraid of losing the game. 他们胆怯输了竞赛.may be “可能是” may是情态动词 + bemaybe “或许; 可能” maybe是副词如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名教师. He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.between 在两者之间among 在三者或三者当中如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之间. The winner is among of us. 获胜者在我们当中.5. There be 句型的一般将来时 正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend. = There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend. 误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend. = There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.四、交际用语提建议的句型:Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样?Why dont you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?Lets go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗?Shall we go hiking? 我们一起去远足好吗? (shall在疑问句中及I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见. 意思为 “好吗?/ 要不要?).书面表达。(10分)下面是2008年北京奥运会的五个祥瑞物，请依据提示介绍一下这五个祥瑞物。flame 火焰 Tibetan antelope 藏羚羊 swallow 燕子 mascot 祥瑞物. 参考范文Hi! Everyone! Do you know the mascots for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games? Now, let me tell you. Each of them has a lovely name. “Beibei” is a fish, “Jingjing” is a panda, “Huanhuan” is an Olympic flame, “Yingying” is the Tibetan antelope and “Nini” is the swallow. They stand for the colors of the Olympic rings. If you put their names together, it is Beijing Huan Ying Ni. That means “Welcome to Beijing” !.书面表达。（15分）（A）看图写话。（5分）be going to make, strong turn downfit, active help with16. _ 17._18._19._ 20._（B）2008年奥运会已经在北京胜利举办了，假设你当时作为一名奥运会的志愿者，你是如何向外国挚友介绍北京的？80词左右。（10分）提示词：the Forbidden City 故宫 Beijing Roast Duck 北京烤鸭.参考范文: (A) 16. Im going to the Great Wall. 17. Ru
