新视野大学英语视听说教程4.docx

新视野大学英语视听说教程-4听力练习录音文本和答案Unit1II. Basic Listening Practice1. ScriptM: Im beside myself with joy. Im so lucky. Guess what? Ive won a lit of moneyin the lottery.W: Yeah? Well, you do know that money is the root of all evil, right?Q: What does the woman mean?2. ScriptW: Mary was furious. Her son wrecked up her car.M: He shouldnt have driven a car without a drivers license. Hes still takingdriving lesson.Q: What do we know about Marys son?3. ScriptM: Susan, I hear youre going to marry that guy. Some people think youll regretit.W: Is that so? Only time tell.Q: What does the woman imply?4. ScriptM: Mary, I just want to say how sorry I was to learn of your mothers passing.I know how close you two were?W: Thank you. It was so sudden. IM still in a state of shock I dont know whatto do.Q: Which of following is true?5. ScriptW: I get furious at work when my opinions arent considered just because Im awoman.M: You should air your view more emphatically and demand that your vice be heard.Q: What is the woman complaining about?Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. D 4.A 5.DIII. Listening InTask 1: Soft answers turn away wrath.Mary: Dam! Youre spilled red wine on me. My new dress is ruined.John: I m terrible sorry! What can I do to help? Heres some water to wash itoff.Mary: Stop splashing water on me! Oh, this is so embarrassing! Im a mess.John: Well, you do look a little upset. Please dont blow up. Dont lose your cool.Mary: Hmm, youve got the nerve talking like that! Who shouldnt fly off the handle?This dress cost a fortune.John: You look really cute when youre mad. I kid you not. Some people do lookattractive when they are in a rage.Mary: This is very expensive dress. I saved for months to buy it, and now itsruined. Look at this stain!John: Accidents do happen. Give me your dress, and Ill take it to the cleaners.Mary: Sure! You want me to take it off right here in public and give it to you?I dont even know you!John: This might be a really goof time to get acquainted. Im John Owen.Mary: Mmm, at least youre polite. I guess I really shouldnt have flared up.After all, it was an accident. Im Mary Harvey.John: Come on. Ill take you home. You can change your clothes, and Ill getthe dress cleaned for you.Mary: Now youre talking. Thanks. Youre a real gentleman.John: Youd better believe it. Im glad to see that youve cooled down. Feellook a bite to eat afterward? Im starving.Mary: Ok. Youre pretty good. Im not nearly as mad. If you can get this stainout, Ill be very happy.John: Ill try my best. But if I cant get the stain out, please dont let yourhappiness turn to wrath.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the dialog?2. Why does the woman get angry?3. What does the man say to please the woman when she looks angry?4. Why does the woman say the man is a real gentleman?5. What is the mans final proposal?Keys: 1D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.CTask 2: Big John is coming!ScriptA bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender. This (S1) owner ofthe establishment is giving his new hire some instructions on (S2) running theplace. He tells the timid man, If you ever hear that Big John is coming to town,(S3) drop everything and run for the hills! Hes the biggest, nastiest (S4) outlawwhos ever lived!A few weeks pass (S5) uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand comes runningthrough town (S6) yelling, Big John is coming! Run for your (S7) lives!When the bartender leaves the bar to start running, he is knocked to the groundby several townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As hes picking himself up,he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. Hes muscular, and is growing ashe approaches the bar.He steps up to the door, orders the poor barkeep inside, and demands, I wanta beer NOW!He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartendernervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bitesthe top of the bottle off, and downs the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar, the big man gets up to leave, Doyou want another beer? the bartender asks in a trembling voice.Dang it, I dont have time! the big man yells, (S10) I got to get out of town!Dont you hear Big John is coming?Task3: A View of HappinessScriptDr. Smith has proposed a reasonable, if perhaps somewhat oversimplifies, view ofhappiness. According to his theory, happiness might be described as a state ifbalance. And when human or certain animals achieve that balance, they rend toremain in that condition in order to repeat the happy feeling.To illustrate this, we may study two magnets. When their positive and negative polesmeet, they are comfortably joined, and they remain there. In other words, theyhave attained a balance or state of happiness. If on the other hand, one ofthe poles is reversed, and positive pole is presses against positive pole, thereis resistance, instability, imbalance a state of unhappiness.Animals with some degree of intelligence seem to find happiness inreinforcement. Once they have gained one or more of their goals such as food,and water, they learn to repeat the actions that led to satisfaction of thosegoals. This repetition or reinforcement produces a state of balance or sense ofhappiness.According to this theory, only animals with a significant capacity to learnshould be able to experience happiness. But in truth learning can take placethrough surprisingly simple short-term action such as scratching an itch,followed by pleasure, followed by more scratching, and so on. Thus learning canoccur with almost no conscious thought.For human beings, blessed with the ability to reason, goals are not limited tothe short-term satisfaction of needs. Indeed, there is a strong link betweenhappiness and the fulfillment of long-term goals. Even if human strive for goalsthat are more complex and longer-term than the animals goals, once those goalsare gained, happiness is reinforced.1. Why does the speaker mention magnets?2. According to the passage, what may animals do after they have got food?3. Which of the following is true according to the speaker?4. What does the speaker say is special about the goals of human beings?5. Which of the following best captures the main idea of the passage?Keys: 1D 2.C3. B 4.D 5.AIV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 Dont let it get to you!Susan: You look so angry. What happened?Chris: Nothing Id rather not talk about it. Just dont ask.Susan: Come on. Relax. Talk to me.Chris: All right. This morning I took my car to the garage to check the airconditioner. They only gave it a quick look, refilled it with some Freon,and charged me 300bucks!Susan: No wonder youre livid. Id be mad too if someone ripped me off like that.Chris: Yeah. And they were rude. They said I didnt know anything about cars,which I dont, but they didnt have to be blunt!Susan: Sounds like you got a raw deal!Chris: Whats worse, as I was leaving, I herd then saying, Dont trust thatguy. He looks broke. When I heard that, I almost hit the roof.Susan: Dont let it get to you. Better ignore them.Chris: I agree. I did manage to keep my cool.Susan: Well, the best thing you can do is to file a complaint with the ConsumerProtection Agency.Chris: sounds like a good idea.MODEL2 Im too depressed.ScriptSusan: Chris, I hear youve been down in the dumps, so Ive come to cheer youup.Chris: Its not gong o work. Im too depressedSusan: Come, on. Tell me whats on your mind.Chris: Everything. My girlfriend left me; my dog ran away; my wallet was stolen.Susan: Dont worry. Ill help you solve the biggest problem: finding you a newgirlfriend.Chris: Forget it. Anyway, Im getting bad grades, and I was told that Id haveto repeat a lot of courses next year. When I heard that, I almost lostit.Susan: Look, relax. Ill help you with those courses.Chris: Yeah, but I also have three weeks laundry to do., and my room is a pigsty.Susan: Forget it. Youre on your own.Chris: Come, on. What are friends for?Susan: To keep you in high spirits; not to do your laundry.MODEL3 You seem to be on top of the world.ScriptNora: Oh, hey, John!John: Hey!Nora: You seem to be on top of the world tonight. Whats up?John: Im so happy Im about to burst. Guess what?Nora: Youve got me.John: It might be true that misfortunes never come singly, but you can also havea double blessing. And thats what I had.Nora: You mean youve had two happy events in your life?John: Exactly. You know, I was strong in all subjects except physics. Now Ivefinally passed the test-the one I needed to qualify for a Bachelors degree.Nora: Congratulations! Youd failed it three times. Now wonder youre beaming. Whats theother good news?John: The multinational I was dong my field project at offered me a job at a good staringsalary.Nora: Wow, wonderful, simple wonderful.John: I feel like celebrating. Shall we go to a bar?Nora: Why not?Now Your TurnTask 1SAMPLE DIALOGA: You look furious. What happened?B: Nothing. Id rather not talk about it. Just dont ask.A: Come on. You shouldnt keep your feeling to yourself. You need to let off somestream. So, talk tome.B: All right. This morning I went to a shop to buy a digital camera, I onlyneed an ordinary one. It is enough for my tours in the summer vacation. Buy theypersuaded me to buy a professional camera, which cost three times as much.A: But you were willing to buy for it. Anyway, it must work better.B: You see, I know next to nothing about photography. So they simply trickedme into buying an expensive one.A: No wonder youre livid with rage. Id be mad too if I were robbed like that.What are you going to do?B: I already went back to them and asked to exchange it for a cheaper one.A: What did they say?B: Oh, they were rude. They insisted that they hadnt encouraged me to buy aprofessional camera, and that I bought it myself.A: Sounds like you got a raw deal!B: Whats worse, as I was leaving, I heard they say, That guy looks broke. He shouldnthave bought any camera.A: Dont let it get to you. Better ignore their rude remarks.B: I agree. I did manage to keep my cool.A: Well, the best thing you can do is to file a complaint with the ConsumerProtection Agency. If they talk to the shop, maybe they will give you arefund.B: Sounds too good to be true.V. Lets TalkScriptHello, everyone. Today I invite you to join me in an exploration off the causesof depression. There ate many factors involved, but I believe some deserve specialattention.Heredity certainly plays a role. .The tendency to develop depression may beinherited; there is evidence that this disorder may run in families.Physiology is another factor related to depression. There may be changes orimbalances in chemicals which transmit information in the brain calledneurotransmitters. Many modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increase levelsof certain neurotransmitters so as to increase brain communication. While thecausal relationship is unclear; it is known that antidepressant medications doreliever certain symptoms of depression.Researchers also study psychological factors. They include the complex developmentof ones personality and how one has learned to cope with external environmentalfactors, such as stress. It is freeqently observed that low self-esteem andself-defeating thinking are connected with depression. While it is not clearwhich is the cause and which is the effect, it is known that sufferers who areable to make corrections to their thinking patterns can show improved mood andself-esteem.Another factor causing depression is ones early experiences. Events such as thedeath of a parent, the divorce of the parents, neglect, chronic illness, and severephysical abuse can also increase the likelihood of depression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression. Job loss, financialdifficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other familymember, or other painful events may trigger depression. Long-term stress at home,work, or school can also be involved.It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering from depressionexperience increased anxiety which adds to the possibility of their alsobecoming depressed.Depression-causingFactorsProblem Description SolutionHeredity It is inherited and run infamilies.Physiology changes or imbalances inchemicals calledneurotransmitters, whichtransmit information in thebrainAntidepressant drugsrelieve certainsymptoms ofdepression.PsychologicalFactorsLow self-esteem andself-defeating thinking areconnected with depression.Sufferers who makecorrection to theirthinking patterns canshow improved moodand self-esteem.Early Experiences Event like the death of aparent, the divorce ofparents, neglect, chronicillness, and severe physicalabuse can increase thelikelihood of depression.PresentExperiencesJob loss, financialdifficulties, long periods ofunemployment, the loss of aspouse or other familymember, or long-term stressmay trigger depression.Living withsomebody withdepressionThis causes increasedanxiety, which adds to thepossibility of their alsobecoming depressed.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: Reason and EmotionScriptEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason; s is suggested by phrasesuch as appeal to emotions rather than reason and dont let your emotions takeover. Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which peoplemay later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they could notcontrol their actions. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctivefacts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinctionbetween reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of asan instinctive response to observed fact. The human mind possesses many possiblereactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, withsome of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is oftencalled cold, and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not relatedto logical agreement, which is called the heat of passion. The relation logic andemotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce anargument, event one based primarily on reason. This is especially true in religionor ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance.