数控技术应用与发展前景中英翻译.docx

毕业设计（论文）外文资料及相关中文翻译 资料名称 数控技术应用与发展前景 系 别 中德机电学院 专 业 数控技术 班 级 数控1002 姓 名 沙汉卿 指导教师 张宁菊 2012年 11 月NC technology application and Development prospects The numerical control technology is the development emerging high-Tec industry and the state-of-art industry enables the technology. Various countries defense industry and some information industries, biological industry, aviation, and astronautics widely uses the numerical control technology, sharpens the manufacturing capacity and the level, enhances to the market addictiveness and the competitive ability.I、NC technology development trendsNC technology applications not only to the traditional manufacturing industry has brought revolutionary changes to the manufacturing sector to become a symbol of industrialization, and with the continuous development of NC technology and the expansion of application fields, he find some of the important sectors (it , Automobiles, light industrial, medical, etc.) development plays an increasingly important role, because these industries for the digital equipment is the major trend of modern development. NC from the world's technology and its equipment development trends, its main research focus in the following areas.1. High-speed, high-finishing technology and equipment to the new trend Efficiency, and quality is the main body of advanced manufacturing technology. High-speed, high-finishing technologies can greatly increase efficiency, improve product quality and grades, and shorten the production cycle and enhance market competitiveness. To that end Japan will tip technology research as its five major modern manufacturing technology of international production Engineering Society (carps) be identified as the 21st century one of the studies.In the car industry, with an annual output of 300,000 rhythms of production is 40 seconds / vehicles, but cars are more varieties processing equipment needed to be solved in one of the key problems in the field of aviation and aerospace industry, processing more for the thin-walled parts And the thin line, stiffness poor material for aluminum or aluminum alloy, only high cutting speed and cutting force in small cases, can these tendons, wall processing. Recently a large overall aluminum billet "hollowed out" approach to manufacture wings, fuselage and other parts to replace large parts by a large number of rivets, screws and other means assembled links to members of the strength, stiffness and reliability Is improved. These are the proposed high-speed processing equipment, high-precision and high flexibility requirements.Emo2001 show from the situation, high-speed processing center feed rate up to 80, or even higher, and air speed up to 100 around. At present many of the world's automobile plants, including China's Shanghai General Motors Corp., have adopted a high-speed processing center of the production line some combination of alternative machine. U.S. Cincinnati hyper mach machine tool Company to the maximum speed of 60 m / min, quick to 100m / min, acceleration of 2 g, spindle speed has reached 60000r/min. A thin-walled processing aircraft parts, only 30 min, and the same high-speed milling machine parts in the general processing takes 3 h, in the general processing and milling machine to be 8 h; Germany dug company's dual-spindle lathe spindle speed and acceleration respectively 12000 r / mm .In the processing precision, the past 10 years, the general level of processing precision CNC machine tools by 10 m to 5 m, Precision Machining Center from 3 5 m, to 1 1.5 m, and ultra-precision machining accuracy has begun to enter the neon - - (0.01 m).The reliability of foreign NC devices motif value has reached more than 6000h, servo system motif value reached more than 30000 h, showing a very high reliability.In order to achieve high-speed, high-finished, its accompanying features such as the spindle, linear motor has been the rapid development of applications to further expand.2. 5-axis processing and rapid development of the processing machine Using a 5-axis three-dimensional surface of the parts processing, the best available tool for cutting geometry, not only finish high, but also substantially improve efficiency. Is generally believed that, one 5-axis machine efficiency can be equivalent to 2 sets of 3-axis machine tools, in particular the use of super-hard materials such as cubic boron nitride for high-speed milling cutter hardened steel parts, 5-axis processing comparable three-axis Processing to play a higher efficiency. But in the past due to 5-axis NC system, host of complex reasons, its price than the three-axis CNC machine tools is several times higher, plus the programming more difficult, and restricted the 5-axis machine tool development.At present, due to the emergence of spindle, making 5-axis processing to achieve the main axis of the first structure greatly simplified and its manufacturing difficulties and costs significantly reduced the NC system to narrow the price gap. Therefore promotion of the first type of spindle 5-axis machine tools and composite Machines (including 5-Machines) development.Emo2001 in the exhibition, the new Japanese machine-processing machine used five main axis of the first to achieve four vertical planes of any point of processing and processing, making 5 of 5-axis machining processing and the same machine can be achieved, Can achieve tilt-and inverted cone-processing. German exhibition companies dug demotion series processing center, a fixture in the 5-processing and 5-axis machining, CNC system can be controlled or cad / cam direct or indirect control.3. Intelligent, open-end, the network has become the contemporary development of numerical control system of the main trendsNC 21 will be equipped with certain intelligent systems, intelligent content, including numerical control systems in all aspects: the pursuit of processing efficiency and quality of the intelligence processing, such as the adaptive control process, process Parameters automatically generated; drive to improve performance and facilitate the use of intelligent connection, such as feed forward control, the electrical parameters of adaptive computing, automatic identification load automatically selected model, self-tuning, and so to simplify programming, simplifying the operation Intelligent, such as intelligent automatic programming, intelligent man-machine interface; are intelligent diagnosis, intelligent monitoring of the content, facilitate the diagnosis and repair.To address the traditional system of NC and NC closed the application software industry production of the existing problems. At present, many countries open NC system to study, such as the United States ngc (the next generation work-station/machine control), the EC osaca (open system architecture for control within automation systems), Japan's osec (open system environment for controller), and Chinas onc (open numerical control system) and so on. NC system and opening up has become a numerical control system for the future path. The so-called open system that is NC system in the development of a unified operating platform, and the machine tool manufacturers and end-users, through the change, increase or cut structural object (NC function), a series, and easily The user's application-specific integrated into the technical know-how and control system, and rapid realization of different species, different grades of open NC system, forming a distinct personality of the brand-name products. NC currently open system architecture standards, communications standards, standardized configuration, operating platforms, NC system and the NC system functions such as software development tools is the core of the current study.NC Network equipment is world-renowned machine tool the past two years, the Expo a new bright spot. NC equipment of the network will greatly meet the production lines, manufacturing systems, manufacturing enterprise information integration on the demand, but also create a new model such as agile manufacturing, virtual enterprises, and the global manufacturing base unit. Some well-known at home and abroad CNC machine tools and CNC manufacturing company in the past two years introduced a new concept and related prototype, as in emo2001 exhibition, the Japanese Yamazaki Mazak (mazak) at the company's "cyber production center" (Smart Production Control Center, or cpc); Japan's Okuma (okuma) machine tool company at "it plaza" (Information Technology Square, referred to it Square); Germany's Siemens (Siemens) at the company's open manufacturing environment (open manufacturing environment, or omen ), Reflecting the NC machine tool to develop in the direction of the network trend.4. Takes the new technical standard, the standard establishment (1)About numerical control system design development gauge As noted previously, there are better common ability , flexibility , adaptability , expanding in the open numerical control system, countries such as U.S.A. , European Community and Japan ,etc. implement the strategic development plan one after another , carry on research and formulation of the systematic norm of structural numerical control of the open system (OMAC , OSACA , OSEC ), 3 of world heavy economy carry on the same science plan and standardize formulation nearly in a short time most, have indicated a new arrival of period of change of the technology of numerical control. Our country started research and formulation which standardized the frame of ONC numerical control system of China too in 2000. (2) About the numerical control standard the numerical control standard is a kind of trend of information-based development of manufacturing industry. Numerical control technology information exchange of 50 year born , to based on ISO6983 standard, adopt G , M code describes how processes, its essential characteristic faces the processing course, obviously, he can't meet demands of high-speed development of the technology of modern numerical control more and more already. For this reason, studying and making a kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEP-NC) in the world, its purpose is offering a kind of neutral mechanism not depending on the concrete system, can describe the unified data model in whole lifespan of the products, thus realize the whole manufacture process, and even the standardization of each industrial field product information. Acne of STEP-NC may be a revolution of the technical field of the numerical control, on development and even the whole manufacturing industry of the technology of numerical control, will exert a far-reaching influence. First of all, STEP-NC puts forward a kind of brand-new manufacture idea, in the traditional manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on single computer. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Internet; this is exactly a direction of open, networked development of technology of numerical control. Secondly, STEP-NC numerical control system also can reduce, process (about 75%) drawing, process procedure work out (about 35%) time and process (about 50% ) time greatly. At present, American-European countries pay much attention to the research of STEP-NC, Europe initiates IMS plan (1999.1.1- 2001.12.3) of STEP-NC. 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC users, manufacturers and academic organizations from Europe and Japan participated in this plan. STEP Tools Company of U.S.A. is a developer of the data interchange software of manufacturing industry in the global range, he has already developed and accused of the super model (Super Model ) of information exchange of machine tooling by counting, its goal is to describe all processing courses with the unified norm. Such new data interchange form has already been verified in allocating the SIEMENS, FIDIA and European OSACA-NC numerical control at present. II、World numerical control engine bed industry market and expense demand 1. Market demand development and pattern change The world equipment manufacturing industry market is making great strides forward to the comprehensive information direction, the technological development main performance for the flexible manufacture system, the computer integration manufacture system development and the application, and develops to the manufacture intellectualization direction. The market pattern performance for the colony development tendency, namely homogeneous industrial or the correlation industry enterprise organically gathers in the same place, through unceasingly innovates wins the competitive advantage 2. World engine bed industry productive consumption and trade （1）Engine bed production ） In 2006 the world engine bed output value is 59.25 billion US dollars, with compared to increases 10.4%, increases nearly 5.6billion US dollars compared to 2005, the concrete data see Table 1.Before the world engine bed production five are in turn: Japan 13.52billion US dollar, Germany 10.78 billion US dollar, China 7.06 billion US dollar, Italian 5.45 billion US dollars with South Korean 4.14billion US dollars. In first five have three in Asia, two in Europe. （2）The engine bed expends ） Starts from 2003, China became the global biggest engine bed to expend the country, also was in the world the biggest numerical control engine bed imports the country. In 2006 China continued to maintain the engine bed to expend the world first, imports first, produces third and exports the eighth status. （3）Engine bed trade , In 2006 the world engine bed total export is 33.73 billion US dollars, approximately composes the world engine bed output value 57%.This indicated the world engine bed produces one above the half is the exportation, keeps only four tenths which uses for oneself. III、The Chinese numerical control development1.The Chinese numerical control engine bed industry is rising Our country engine bed profession is being in the high speed development time, profession total output value and the sales income continuously 6 years maintains 20% above the growth, the numerical control engine bed expends continuously for 5 years to be situated the world first. The strong market demand has brought the development opportunity, " 十 15 " Period will be the numerical control engine bed big development time, the country highly takes with the support development domestic product numerical control engine bed, has formulated the numerical control engine bed development plan, has appeared the corresponding support policy, the domestically produced numerical control engine bed accounts for the domestic market proportion 2010 to reach 50%，mix domestic numerical control system (popular ) to up to 10%. 3.1 Review the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of