风险管理(英文版).docx

Risk Assessment Part 1: Assessment with existing control measuresBusiness: .TURBINE SYSTEMSBusiness: .TURBINE SYSTEMSActivity (or area) being assessed:.DYleL/_MQQre-VernQQGaugesDepartment: .DIMENSIONALDept. no.: .2225People affected:Rolls-Royce: 8 Frequency/duration: 8hs 3shftsOthers: 0 Frequency/duration: N/ALocation: .PCFB Assessment ref. no. .Date of assessment: .31/03/04Assessor(s)/team: .P.REEK .G.STICKAS.SARGEANTqPeriodic reviews - maximumintervals for activities with:Medium risk (but ALARP) - annually Low risk- three-yearly1st ReviewDate: 31/03/05Name: P.REEKSigned:2nd ReviewDate:Name:Signed:3rd ReviewDate:Name:Signed:4th ReviewDate:Name:Signed:CHazard(potential for harm)D Hazardous event (what happens)E Foreseeable cause (cause of hazardous event)F Consequence (outcome)GExisting control measures usedHProbability 1 to 5J Risk1 to 25Details of harmValue 1 to 5Example:Working at heightFall from ladderLoss of balanceBroken limbs3Ladder in good condition, at correct angle and tied off39 medium1 Trapped HandFixture closing on componentsUnsafe working practicesBroken fingers1Safeprocedures,Machine integrated122Operation of machineRSIContinuous loading & unloading of componentsWrist & backache2Intermittent breaks363Visual imparementExamining results on display screensContinuous use of DSEGradual deteration of eyesight3DSE legislation, not a continuous process264NoiseGeneral factory noiseFinish area extraction & machine noiseGradual hearing impairment3Area is ppe controlled & hearing protection must be worn265Physical injuryDropping of tooling fixturesunsafe working practicesBruises & abrasions, possible broken fingers1Operator training126Hand held tooling vibrationVibration white finger from moving partsContinuous use of air toolsVibration white finger2Annual monitoring OHD26噩 Rolls-RoyConsequenceProbabilityPeopleAssetsEnvironmentReputationIncredible Extremely unlikely to ever occurImprobable Unlikely but may occur exceptionallyOccasionalLikely to occur some timeProbableLikely to occur oftenFrequentRegular or continuous occurrence12345Multiple fatalitiesExtensive damageSignificant harm*International impact5Single fatalityMajor damageModerate, long-term harm*National impact4HighMajor injuryLocalised damageModerate, short-term harm*Considerable impact3Mediun1Lost time injuryMinor damageLow impact, little harm*Limited Impact2LowFirst aid injuryNo damageNo impact*No Impact1RLead AssessorAccountable ManagerSignedName (print)PositionDateRisk Assessment Part 2: Assessment of risk reduction actionsKLExpected risk aftercompletion of actionsMNActualp I confirm that the proposed actions have been completed and that the expected risk reduction has been achievedK' N -Proposed actions (risk reduction measures)ConsequenceProbabilityRiskPlanned action completion datecompletion dateNameSignatureDate卜 -assess risks 1 )ns will be effe( Also conside hazards wiExample (continued):Use tower scaffold or hydraulic access platformbut remember toconsider additional hazards326 med1/1/200125/12/2000J. Bloggs26/12/20001to shov :tive in r whet II be in2v how reduc her ani troduc31 propos ing the y new ed.4 Noise reduction plan in progress002;ed! risk.56 Better Hand tooling111Refer to "Environmental Aspects and Impacts Assessment methodology and EnvAID user's guide" for explanation of environmental probability and consequence categories.Guidance on Completion of Risk Assessment FormBox/ColumnExplanation (for detailed guidance refer to risk assessment guidance document)AProvide details of the activity being assessed and the business and department to which it relates. Where the risk assessment is generic it should be clearly stated.Indicate the people who could be affected (including contractors and the public) and the frequency and duration of exposure - precise details are not required.BA unique reference number should be allocated to the assessment, and the date of the initial assessment and the main parties involved should be recorded.CHazard: The hazard is the thing with the potential for harm, such as a flammable substance, rotating machine or deep water. Record all of the significant hazards associated with the activity being assessed. Ignore any trivial hazard.The form provides space for listing six hazardous events (i.e. outcomes) - if more are needed, continue on an additional sheet.Although the risk assessment matrix covers risks to people, assets, environment and reputation, each of these risk areas should be considered separately, e.g. consider environmental hazards independently.DHazardous Event: Give a very brief description of the hazard scenario or event - i.e. what happens that could lead to harm.EForeseeable cause: Record the plausible causes of each hazard being released or the foreseeable causes of exposure to the hazards.E.g. how the substance is released, how a person becomes trapped in a dangerous machine, how a person comes into contact with deep water.FConsequence: This column is divided into two parts. The first gives brief details of the outcome of the hazardous event, whilst the second part records the value associated with the harm, taken from the risk matrix. Clearly the description of the harm should relate to the appropriate category in the matrix.First aid injury: local first aid treatment received but no significant lost time.Lost time injury: off-site medical treatment or short-term lost time (e.g. days).Major injury: immediate major trauma long-term lost time (e.g. weeks)It is important to be realistic is considering consequence, and although unlikely events should be considered, they should nevertheless be plausible. Note that if there is more than one plausible outcome from a hazardous event, each w川 need to be considered separately.Taken together, columns C to F should provide an understanding of the hazardous event being considered.GExisting Control Measures: The presence of any existing control measures may reduce both the probability of an incident occurring and the scale of the consequences, and should be recorded to ensure that they are taken into account by the risk assessment and not overlooked.This record of control measures will also be useful when preparing a written safe system of work, which should draw from the risk assessment.Any control measures specified should be those that are actually used, and should be adequate for the purpose and regularly reviewed to ensure that they continue to be maintained as effective controls. If there is doubt about the genuine usage or effectiveness of a control measure it should not be included as a risk reduction measure.HProbability: Using judgement based on experience and historical evidence, estimate the probability of each hazardous event occurring using the categories given in the risk matrix. In considering the probability account should be taken of the control measures that are in place providing that they are genuinely used and of benefit.If in doubt about which category to select, err on the side of caution. Further guidance on the selection of probability categories relates to the assessment teams* experience, as follows:Incredible: No one in the team/workgroup has heard of this occurring in the industry.Improbable: One person in the team/workgroup knows of someone who has experienced this.Occasional: One person in the team/workgroup has experienced this at least once in the last two years.Probable: All persons in the team/workgroup experience this at least once a year.Frequent All persons in the team/workgroup experience this more often than not when doing this activity.JRisk: The value of risk is determined by combining (multiplying) the values sexed for consequence and probability for a given hazardous event. The risk matrix facilitates this and results in one of three risk categories being selected, i.e. High, Medium or Low.KProposed Actions: The tolerability of the risk assessed in column H will determine whether further actions are required for risk reduction.High risks cannot be tolerated under any circumstances and will require immediate action to reduce the level of risk to 'as low as reasonably practicable5. If necessary this may require temporary suspension of an activity or the installation of temporary control measures.Medium risks - judgement will need to be made on the urgency of further action to reduce the risk to a level that is 'as low as reasonably practicable In specifying actions for further control measures, consider both immediate (interim) actions and long-term (permanent) solutions.Low risks are broadly tolerable but should be kept under review and reduced further wherever reasonably practicable. However the principle of continuous improvement should be employed to continue to drive down risk where economically valid.In deciding what action to take to reduce risks a hierarchical approach should be taken, further details of which are given in Section 2.3.3 of the main document.LExpected risk after completion of actions: Once actions have been selected the risks should be reassessed to ensure that the required risk reduction will be achieved, i.e. that the revised level of risk is tolerable. If it is not, alternative or additional actions will be required.Note that actions intended to reduce risks may also introduce further hazards and therefore risks - it is therefore important to consider any additional hazards in the reassessment.MPlanned action completion date: When a satisfactory means of risk reduction has been determined through appropriate actions, it is important that they are actually carried out to an acceptable timescale. The planned completion date w川 need to be carefully considered, and if the activity is allowed to proceed in the meantime, additional precautions may need to be put in place temporarily.N/PActual completion date and confirmation of completion: When a risk reduction action has been completed, the date should be recorded and the action signed-off. This is an important part of the process as any actions not enforced will render the risk assessment useless. The sign-off will also provide an auditable record.If the initial risk assessment for a given hazard has concluded that no additional actions are necessary, columns L, M, N and P w川 not need to be completed. Temporary control measures need to be in place before the activity begins.QPeriodic reviews: The completed risk assessment should be reviewed periodically to ensure that it remains up-to-date and relevant to the activity.Maximum intervals for review relates to the level of residual risk associated with the activity, and are as follows: Medium Risk (which have been justified as ALARP) - annually Low Risk - every 3 years.Clearly high risks are not tolerable and so activities will not have a high residual risk.In addition to periodic reviews, risk assessments should be revisited: whenever significant changes in circumstances occur (including changes to the operation of the activity or in light of new legislation and other requirements); following any incident.R Sign-off: On completion of the risk assessment the form should be signed-off by the assessor and by the manager who is accountable for the working activity or area which has been assessed. Sign-off may be before box P is signed to verify that actions have been completed.Indicate if any of the following apply to 1(ensure that site-specifi<Plant and EquipmentCrushingImpactPunctureTrappingContact (cutting, friction, abrasion)Display Screen EquipmentElectrical (shock/burn/explosion)口EntanglementEjection (work piece/tool, etc.)Hand toolsNoise/VibrationPressure (release of energy)Radiation (ionising, non-ionising)Stability/overloadStored Energy (spring, hoist, suspended load)ThermalVehicles and traffic movementWork OrganisationLone workingStressWorking hoursWork in public areasMethods of WorkErgonomicsManual HandlingPostureRepetitive movementsOtherEnvironmental aspects (e.g. waste disposal)Natural hazards (e.g. weather)the work activity (check relevant boxes) c hazards are included)Place of WorkBuried servicesEmergency escape routeFalling objectsHousekeeping/tidinessObstructionOverhead cablesSafe means of accessSlips and tripsStructural integrityTrespassersWork near liquidsWorking at height (e.g. roof, ladder, scaffold)Materials and SubstancesAsphyxiantsCombustible materialsCorrosives/irritantsDust fires & explosionsFlammable/explosive substances口Gases, fumes & vapoursHealth hazards by ingestionOxidising substancesParticles & mistsWorking EnvironmentConfined spaceFireLightingNoiseTemperatureVentilationTable 1 Hazard Checklist