2021-2022学年甘肃省金昌市第一中学高二下学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

金昌市第一中学2021-2022学年第二学期期中考试高二英语（本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟）第I卷第一局部：单项填空（共20小题；每题L5分，总分值30分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确答案，并在答题纸上将该项涂The medicine bought at a high price turned out to have no.A. influenceB. resultC. effectD. risk【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：花了高价钱买来的药证明是没有作用的。A.influence 影响；B.result结果；C.effect影响；作用；D.risk风险;根据上文的“The medicine bought at a high price可知是高价买的药去没有作用，没有效果，effect符合语境，应选C。1. The program has made great progress little support from the government.A. due toB. with regard toC. instead ofD. in spiteof【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。句意：尽管政府给予很少的支持，但这个工程仍取得了巨大的成就。A. due to 由于;B. with regard to 关于，至于；A instead of 而不是;D. in spite of 尽管，虽 然。根据句意可知，此处应用in spite of,表示“尽管”，表让步，为状语。应选D项。2. Adolescents need adults to guide them; otherwise,is easy for them to get into trouble.A. thatB. whichC. itD. what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：青少年需要成年人的引导；否那么，他们很容易陷入麻烦。分析句 子结构可知，空处缺少句子的主语，真正的主语为不定式to get into trouble,空处用it作形 式主语。应选C项。3. Was it in the village we used to live in the accident happened?A. that; whereB. which; thatC. where; thatD. which;where【答案】BTeenagers were asked about their relationship with parents.A. Teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaires.B. Teenagers with both parents won't have the drug use problem.C. Teenagers in British schools are warned against drug abuse.31. The last paragraph suggests that.A. schools should answer for the drug problemtelevision and media are to blameB. parents and the society are responsible for the drug problemmothers are the cause of youth drug use【答案】28.D29. B 30. C 31. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究说明与父母同住以及良好的母 子（女）关系能有效地降低青少年吸毒和酗酒的概率。【28题详解】词义猜想题。由文章第一段最后一句话的 “and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.（与母亲联系密切是对抗这些问题最有效的方法）”和第二段的第二句话 “They also suggest that attachment （依恋）,particularly to mothers, is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.（他们还说明,依恋，特别是对母亲的依恋,是 一个更有效的因素，这真正地跨越了文化和物质）”可推断，“maternal bond”指的是母亲 与孩子之间的联系，即母亲对孩子的监管。应选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段的第一句 uThese findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.（这些研究结果说明，与父母同住可能会防止吸毒）”可排除和父母居住在一 起的 A 项和 D 项；由第二段第二句 "They also suggest that attachment （依恋）,particularly to mothers, is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.（他们还表 明，依恋，特别是对母亲的依恋，是一个更有效的因素，这真正地跨越了文化和物质）”可 排除由母亲监管的C项；所以，可推断和单亲父亲住在一起的18岁朱丽叶最可能滥用毒品。 应选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。从文章第二段的 uinvolved nearly 4,000 teenagers in England, Ireland, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands.（涉及英国、爱尔兰、意大利、德国和荷兰近4000名青少年）” 可知，B 选项被提到了；从第二段最后一句的 “The teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents（这些青少年还填写了关于他们与父母和祖 父母关系的问卷）”可知，A选项被提到了；从最后一段的"Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol（英国学校 里和电视上的预防毒品运动警告青少年毒品和酒精具有危害）”可知，D选项也被提到了。 应选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段 “Drug prevention campaigns in British schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but McArdle said no one is dealing with the problem of parental responsibility.（英国学校里和电视上的预防毒品运动警告青少年毒品和酒 精具有危害，但麦卡德尔说，却没有人去处理父母责任的问题。）”可知，社会和父母在青 少年吸毒问题上都应肩负起自己的责任。应选C项。DTerribly hot weather, pouring downpours. Scientists have long suspected that global warming can cause extreme weather events. Now experts have numbers to support that idea.The burning of fossil fuels has been leading to a buildup of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere. This CO2 is a greenhouse gas. That means it can trap heat in the air. As a result, our planefs temperature has been rising. And this global wanning will account for a growing share of ever more frequent extreme weather events.Many governments hope to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius above temperatures that were typical before the Industrial Revolution. It will be hard for nations to achieve that. But even if they do, global warming still will be responsible for nearly all heat extremes. Global warming also will be to blame for about 2 out of every 5 extreme rains and snowfalls. "This is a considerable fraction of major weather events J says climate scientist Peter Stott.So far. Earth has warmed about 0.85 degree Celsius since 1750. Thafs about when the Industrial Revolution got its start. Thafs also when fossil fuel use took 0境 spewing（喷出）lots of CO2 into the air, MOverall, the new study shows that relatively small rises in global temperature translate into large increases in the likelihood of extremes. Stott says.Erich Fischer and Reto Knutti analyzed 25 different computer models of global climate. These analyses looked at different climate periods, from preindustrial times to the present. The analyses also predicted what weather events were likely to be like in the future. This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees Celsius.The computer looked at when extreme heat and precipitation（冰雹）occurred during each climate period. It focused on events of unusual heat or heavy precipitation. Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days.“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare. These new findings provide "a global statement'J Fischer says. "You can still get the biggest heat that you have ever seen without any human changes.,9The second paragraph is mainly aboutA. what damage the global wanning causedhow the global warming came into beingB. where the global warming is becoming seriouswhy fossil fuels have to be forbidden 33. What Peter said in Para. 3 suggests thatthere is no serious effect of the global warming nowA. it is reasonable for climate change to happen B.C. the influence of the global warming is greatthe extreme weather happens in small numbers 34. According to the passage extreme weatherB. happens once in every 1,000 daysD. has become a rare phenomenonB. The role of global warming inD. Global warming makes Earth hotterA. will happen more often than beforeC. strikes every region without differences across the planet35. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Extreme weather is becoming common now. extreme weather.C. Earth has suffered from extreme weather, and hotter.【答案】32.B33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球变暖形成的原因及其对极端天气的影响。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中 “The burning of fossil fuels has been leading to a buildup of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere. This CO2 is a greenhouse gas. That means it can trap heat in the air. As a result, our planefs temperature has been rising.（化石燃料的燃烧一直在导致地球大气中二 氧化碳的积累。二氧化碳是一种温室气体。这意味着它可以将热量滞留在空气中。因此，我 们星球的温度一直在上升。）”可知，本段主要讲述全球变暖是如何产生的。应选B项。【33题详解】推理判断题。第三段中 Peter 所说 “This is a considerable fraction of major weather events.（这 在重大天气事件中占了相当大的比例。）"，其中This指“全球变暖”这件事，从而推知， Peter认为全球变暖的影响是巨大的。应选C项。【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days.（在工业革命之前，这种极端情况通常每1000天 才会发生一次。）”和最后一段中 “But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare.（但由于全球一直在变暖，这样的极端情况已经不再那么罕见了。）”可 知，未来极端天气会越来越多。应选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中 Terribly hot weather, pouring downpours. Scientists have long suspected that global warming can cause extreme weather events.（酷热的天气, 倾盆大 雨长期以来，科学家们一直怀疑全球变暖会导致极端天气事件。）”及最后一段中“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare.（但由于全球一直在 变暖，这样的极端情况已经不再那么罕见了。）”可知，本文主要讲述了全球变暖对极端天 气的影响。应选B项。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。Homework is a major part of going to school: It9s your teacher's way of evaluating（评估）how much you understand of whafs going on in class. 36 Luckily, you can do a few things to make homework less work.Be sure you understand the homework.Write your homework down in your notebook or day planner if you need to. 37 It's much easier to take a minute to ask the teacher during or after class than to struggle to remember later that night!Use any extra time in school to work on your homework.Many schools have study hall that is specifically designed to allow students to study. Ifs tempting（吸弓| 人的）to hang out with friends during study periods or unstructured（零散的）time.38Take a break39 So take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without stretching or relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15-minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.40If you don't finish your homework during school, think about how much you have left and what else is going on that day, and then budget your time. Most high-school students have between 1 and 3 hours of homework a night. If ifs a heavy homework day and it seems like you've got an assignment in every subject but gym and lunch, you'll need to devote more time to homework. Ws a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule, especially if you are involved in sports or activities or have an after-school job.A. Pace yourself.B. Don't be afraid to ask questions about what's expected.C. Once your homework is done, you can check it over if you have extra time.D. But the more work you can get done in school, the less you'll have to do that night.E. Settle down to do homework.F. And it helps digest important concepts.G. Most people's attention spans aren't very long.【答案】36.F37. B 38. D 39. G 40. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者在文章里给出了减少回家作业量的四种方法。【36题详解】前文 “It's your teacher's way of evaluating how much you understand of what's going on in class.（这是老师评估你对课堂内容理解程度的方法）”描述家庭作业的意义；空后“Luckily, you can do a few things to make homework less work.（幸运的是，你可以做一些事情来减少家庭作 业的工作量）”引出下文减少家庭作业工作量的方法；F选项“And it helps digest important concepts.（它有助于理解重要的概念）”中it指代家庭作业，且本句同样描述做作业的好处和 意义，符合语境。应选F项。【37题详解】根据本段主题句“Be sure you understand the homework.（确保你理解家庭作业）”以及空后句 “It's much easier to take a minute to ask the teacher during or after class than to struggle to remember later that night!（在课上或课后花一分钟问老师要比在晚上花一分钟努力回忆容易 得多）”可知，本段描述我们要理解家庭作业，不要害怕问家庭作业里不会的地方；B选项“Don、be afraid to ask questions about what's expected.（不要害怕问你想要矢口道的问题）”符合 语境及本段主旨。应选B项。【38题详解】本段主题句 “Use any extra time in school to work on your homework.（利用在学校的任何额外 时间来做作业）”描述我们应利用额外时间完成作业，空前"It's tempting to hang out with friends during study periods or unstructured time.（在学习或非固定时间和朋友出去玩是很有诱 惑力的）”表示额外的时间可以被用来玩耍，D选项u But the more work you can get done in school, the less you911 have to do that night.（但是你在学校里的作业越多，你晚上要做的事情就 越少）”与前文进行语义上的转折，且与木段主旨相符。应选D项。【39题详解】本段主题句让我们要记得休息；后文“So take some breaks while doing your homework.（所以 在做作业的时候休息一下）”描述我们应该休息这一结果，空处应说明原因；G选项“Most people's attention spans aren't very long.（大多数人的注意力持续时间都不长）”表示原因，符 合语境。应选G项。【40题详解】空处为本段标题；后文 “If you don't finish your homework during school, think about how much you have left and what else is going on that day, and then budget your time.（如果你在学校没有 完成作业，想想你还剩下多少，当天还有什么事情要做，然后规划你的时间）”告诉我们应 合理规划自己的时间，后文"It's a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule（制定家庭作业时间表是个好主意）”同样描述自我规划的重要性；A选项“Pace yourself.（调整好节奏）”与下文主旨一致，适合作为小标题。应选A项。第三局部：语言知识运用（共两节，总分值45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每题1.5分，总分值30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was a busy day as usual. I was making sandwiches and balancing the phone between my shoulder and chin. The washing machine sounded as my husband walked in with our daughters. We had only about twenty minutes to eat 41 we had to take the girls to their next activity.My husband seemed a bit 42 that dinner was not on the table.That night, I had a heavy 43、thinking we were becoming taskmasters on an assemblyline (流水线).We had become too 44 in our own tasks and not very considerate towards those around us. We needed to do something to bring back some meaning into our lives. It needed to be something that would 45 our own agendas and energize us toward the common good.I bought a notebook, named it nOur Deed Diary" and held a family meeting. I told my family I wanted us all to think about doing a 46 for others every day. It could be for each other or for people outside our 47, And we all needed to write it down in the notebook.I thought one deed a day was too easy. However, it was actually 48 than it seemed because it had to be something 49 what we had already done. Sending birthday cards to people we already sent cards to every year would not 50.We had a rough 51, On some dayssomeone would forget to 52 a good deed,while on other days, we would forget to write our good deeds in the diary. After a few weeks though, I found myself waking up in the morning trying to 53 what good deed I could do for someone that day. My daughters began to rush to me after school to 54 me the good deed they had done.Now, after a year, I am happy to say that it is making a (n)55 in our lives. Instead ofalways 56 what the day will bring for us, we think bout what we can do for someone else.Who would have thought that trying to do a simple kindness a day would be so 57? Ifeel my daughters have felt inner joy that you can only 58 by giving to someone else from your heart. The best thing is that you feel so great about doing something for someone else; youdon't even look for or expect anything in 59. So, when someone does return the favor,it is anenormous and positive 6041. A. thoughA. annoyed frightened42. A. shoulderA. absorbed successful43. A. repeatA. kindness44. A. roomA. stranger45. A. beyondA. matter46. A. timeA. praise47. A. describeA. bring48. A. effortA. forgetting wondering49. A. tiring rewardingA. experience exchange50. A. silenceA. effectcontributionB. unlessC. beforeD. whileB. puzzledC. embarrassedD.B. stomachC. footD. heartB. interestedC. confidentD.B. relateC. refocusD. recallB. taskC.jobD.copyB. homeC. schoolD. townB. sweeterC. harderD. biggerB. fromC. aboutD. betweenB.countC. lastD. happenB. lifeC. startD. ideaB. checkC. recordD. doB. decideC. rememberD. explainB. teachC. offerD. tellB. choiceC. differenceD. fortuneB. believingC. knowingD.B. movingC. surprisingD.B. imagineC. predictD.B. returnC. timeD. orderB. bonusC. attitudeD.【答案】4LC 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B48. C 49. A50. B 51. C 52. D 53. B54. D 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. A 59.B 60. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者一家人决定日行一善，这种善意的行为给家人带来了很大的改变，女儿能够体验到真正帮助他人不计回报的快乐。【41题详解】考查连词辨析。A. though尽管；B. unless除非,如果不;C.before在之前；D. while 当时；在作者带女儿参加下一个活动之前我们只有20分钟的吃饭时间。本句说明作者很忙，故C项正确。【42题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. frightened 害怕的；因为饭菜还没有端上桌子，作者的丈夫似乎有点生气。要吃饭了，菜还没有端上桌 子，丈夫生气是正常的反响。故A项正确。【43题详解】考查上下文串联及固定短语。A. shoulder肩膀；B. stomach胃；肚子；C.foot脚；D. heart 心；固定短语a heavy heart心情沉重；根据下文可知作者成为了流水线的工程负责人，要专 注于自己的任务，忽视了对周围人的关心，作者有点心情沉重。故D项正确。【44题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. absorbed专注于；B. interested感兴趣的；C. confident自信的；D. success