人教版(新教材)高中英语选修4Unit4 SharingUnit3 Sea Exploration课时作业2：Reading and Thinking—Comprehending.docx

Reading and ThinkingComprehendingI .阅读理解AThe Coral Sea is home to an amazing variety of turtles, sharks, whales, dolphins, large fish, birds, corals， plants, and many other species.Many of these species are endangered elsewhere in the world, but still survive in the healthy environment of the Coral Sea.The Coral Sea is a large series of coral reefs located off the northeast coast of Australia.This area is three times larger than Australia' s famous Great Barrier Reef, which the Coral Sea borders.The Coral Sea is one of the few coral reef environments that have remained largely undamaged by overfishing, oil and gas exploration and pollution.However, statistics show that coral reefs around the world are disappearing five times faster than rainforests.lt is very likely that in the near future the Coral Sea will face the same threats to its existence.The Australian government is currently looking at options for protecting the Coral Sea but has made no decisions.Environmentalists are pushing for laws to declare the Coral Sea area a marine protected area.This would mean a large “ no-take zone “ for fishermen, a “ no-exploration zone ” for gas and oil companies and a uno-dump zone” for pollution.This would make the Coral Sea a marine park larger than any other park in the world.We can write letters to Australian leaders, Australian environmental protection agencies, and Australian friends, to let them know that people worldwide support this protection of the Coral Sea.To lose this last great marine wildness would be a loss for the whole world.For more information, CLICK here please.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于澳大利亚东北海岸的珊瑚海，它面临着即将消 失的威胁。澳大利亚政府正在寻找方案，希望能保护这个伟大的野生海洋世界。1. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To teach people how to protect the Coral Sea.B To call for the public awareness to protect the Coral Sea.C. To show the amazing features of the Coral Sea.D. To explain the function of the Coral Sea.K答案BK解 析I 写作意图题。根据倒数第二段可知，该文旨在提高公众对保护珊瑚海的意识。 应选BoYou can most probably read this passage .A. in a guidebookon a websiteB. in a science textbookon a TV showK答案BK解 析U 题。根据文章最后一段For more information, CLICK here please.v可 推知，本文是刊登在网站上的，否那么不会使用CLICK here。应选B。2. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. The reason for protecting the Coral Sea.B. The way to protect the Coral Sea.C. The location of the Coral Sea.D. The money-raising for saving the Coral Sea.k答案U DK解 析I 细节理解题。保护珊瑚海的原因、方案及珊瑚海的位置文中均有提及，但没有 提到为拯救珊瑚海筹集资金。应选D。BWhen a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were oveijoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past.The construction of the ship showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century.In this way, artifacts, objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.Underwater archaeology-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years.The rapid growth of this new area of study has occuired because of the invention of better diving equipment.Besides the Swedish ship wreck（残骸），underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the 5,000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.Underwater archaeology can provide facts about the past.In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6,000 years.There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of people' s way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times.Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world? s knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies.One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors.Once sold, these objects are lost to experts.The second enemy is dredging machines（挖 掘机）which are often used to repair ports.These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud.By teaching the public about the importance of underwater " museums ” of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文，主要通过讲述历史学家和科学家们打捞瑞典沉船的事情来描述水下考古及其在保护历史文化遗产方面的重大意义。3. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?A. To provide background information of the topic.B To attract readers' attention to the topic.C. To use an example to support the topic.D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic.K答案U BK解析U 推理判断题。文章一开始就说打捞一艘沉船，吸引读者去了解水下考古是怎么 回事。这也是此类文章惯用的手法。因此B项最正确。5. . The aim of underwater archaeology is to .A exploit water bodiesB search for underwater lifeC study underwater artifactsD. examine underwater environmentK答案X cK解析X 细节理解题。A项指水下开采，B项指寻找水下生物，C项指研究水下的工艺 品，D项指检查水下环境。根据文章第一段最后一句及第二段第一句可知，水下考古的目的 是研究水下的文物。6. Underwater archaeologists are worried because .A. sea hunters have better diving equipmenttheir knowledge of world history is limitedB. dredging machines cause damage to the portssold artifacts can hardly be regained for researchK答案U DK解 析H 细节理解题。由最后一段的倒数第四句" Once sold, these objects are lost to experts. ” 可知，这些文物一旦售出就很难被追回供考古专家研究，应选D项。7. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a young branch of learning.B. To discuss the scientistsJ problems.C. To explain people' s way of life in the past.D. To describe the sunken ships.K答案X AK解 析主旨大意题。文章第二段表达水下考古是近50年的新兴事物，而通篇都在表达 水下考古，所以应选A项。CScientists used to explore the surface of the ocean.Now they are exploring below the surface, too.They want to know about ocean water and the plant and animal life deep in the ocean.In 1934, the scientist William Beebe dived 3,000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball.In 1960 his son Jean dived to a depth of 35,800 feet.All these early dives were deep.But the divers could not stay down for very long.They had to come back up to surface after a few seconds.Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below surface.Gradually they succeeded.Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to keep men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.Now scientists are developing even better equipment.With this new equipment, men can stay below the surface for days or even weeks.In 1962, Cousteau set up a research station 35 feet below the surface.Then, in 1964, he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea.This was the first undersea station to operate without help from the surface.Many countries are now studying undersea living.Russia has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea.The United States has a laboratory 50 feet down on the ocean floor off the Virgin Island.In 1970, five men lived there for two weeks.Then a team of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.Next came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources.Scientists hope to find enough mineral, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the entire world.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们为了了解海洋动植物和利用海洋资 源对海洋深处的探索和研究。8. Scientists are exploring below the surface of the ocean in order to .A. know about the way of making use of the ocean waterB stay down longer to study life of the plants and animals below the surfaceC. know about the plant and animal life and water deep in the oceanfind ways to make people live better under the seaK答案cK解 析细节理解题。根据第一段可知，科学家探测海洋深处的目的是了解海洋深处的动植物和海水。9. Who set up the first undersea station?A. A Frenchman.B - An American.C. A Russian.D. The passage made no mention.K答案AK解析细节理解题。由第四段最后三句可知，最早建立海底站的是法国人库斯托。10. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The early divers could not stay down for very long.B. Up to now only five women scientists have stayed in the undersea laboratory.C. The purpose of setting up the undersea laboratories is to make plans for the use of the resources in the ocean.D. Now scientists are trying to find the financial support for better equipment.K答案】Ak 解 析 U细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 u But the divers could not stay down for very long.可知早期的潜水者在水下待的时间不长。11. The author wants to tell us .A. that scientists try to explore the ocean depths and make use of resources in the oceanB that scientists did the research on all the oceans in the worldC. about the secret of the plant and animal life in the oceanabout the sea water resource deep in the seaK答案R AK解析 主旨大意题。本文的主要内容是科学家对海洋的探索和研究，根据最后一段中 的 “All were there to explore the ocean depths and to make plans for the use of its resources., 可 知，K答案为A项。n.七选五A new report says plastic is responsible for the damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference. 1Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways. 2 After a while, it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradable-destroyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants. 3 That means harmful material may get into our food supply.4 Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer single-use containers and throw plastic away coiTeclly.Plaslic recycling programmes also work where old bottles and other plastic are collected, broken down and used to make new products.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastic. 5 And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.Butall of the companies must join to deal with the problem.A. Then, fish may eat the plastic.B It asks them to better measure and direct plastic use.C. The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.D. The report talks about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.E. Plastic should be gathered together and reused.F. But people can make a big difference.G. It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塑料给海洋环境造成了极大的污染，并提出了解决方法OK答案U DK解 析 由空前的内容，尤其是"Anewreport" "damage"可知，D项“该报告讨论了 塑料对海洋的危害以及可以做些什么来改进这一状况”符合语境。1. K答案CK解 析根据上下文可知，扔到河里和其他水道里的塑料制品最终会到达沿海地区以及海洋，应选C。2. K答案AK解 析I根据下文 “That means harmful material may get into our food supply.” 可推知，既然塑料进入了我们的食物中，那么只能是鱼吃了塑料，然后我们再吃了鱼，应选A。3. K答案X FK解析1 本空是本段的主旨句，根据下文谈到的人类的积极影响可知，此空是说人类可 以起到作用，应选F。4. K答案D BK解析 上文提到该报告呼吁公司应改进使用塑料的方法，而B项承接上文，指出了该 报告要求公司更好地权衡和指导塑料的使用；且B项中It代指上文的The report,应选B。