人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists精品学案：Reading and Thinking(1).docx

Unit 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS主题语境人与社会之科学与技术K语境概说本单元的话题内容是“科学精神与科学家”，它属于“人与社 会”这一主题语境下的“科学与技术”。本单元的主要内容包括中外科学家执着 的探索精神和创新改革精神，科学家们在自己的活动中总是既有方向和信心，又 有锲而不舍的意志。通过本单元的学习，学生在语言能力、文化意识、思维品质 和学习能力方面，尤其在思想意识方面将得到激励与提高。单元素养目标。词汇：severe, frustrated, contradictory, subscribe, suspect, blame, handle, link, raw, pure decrease, transform, cast, defend, gifted, abstract, besides, steady, once and for all, subscribe to, thanks to, break out, in charge of/ 句型： He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severeI that more than 50() people died in ten days./ Il seemed that (he woman liked the waler from the pump so much that she had it/ delivered to her house every day./©Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used./®Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than/ Qian Xuesen./He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only语言知 izldeveloping China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.'vX 6 When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?*, his reply was a determinedWhynot?"«语法：表语从句写作：有关科学精神的作文素养导航语用：谈论科学现象了解英美等国家主要的文学家、艺术家、科学家、政治家及其成就、贡献等。文化知1 八广、学习和借鉴人类文明的优秀成果.、语言技能 打、根据交际需要发起谈话并维持交谈；根据语篇标题预测语篇的主题和内容。- tt/通过图书馆、计算机网络等资源获得更广泛的英语信息，扩充学习资源；、学习策略尸 根据篇章标题、图片、图表和关键词等信息，预测和理解筒章的主要内容。 them earlier "可知，这项技术将能够更早地治疗患者，而不是坐等病情恶化，从 而推断，人工智能这一科技帮助医生对疾病诊疗早预判，早介入，从而帮助挽救 大量生命，将大大促进卫生服务。应选CDThought is the ruler of the universe forever.思想永远是宇宙的统治者。Without great difficulty, there would be no great cause.不经巨大的困难，不会有伟大的事业。Science is a human wisdom of the highest achievements ? and the source of the most promising material well-being.科学既是人类智慧的最高成果，又是最有希望的物质福利的源泉。Reading and Thinking(l)活动设计素养形成课文语篇研读Step 11 .DiscussingDo you know the scientists ? Please match the pictures with the introductions.A.Thomas Edison(1)C Won a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2015.(2)D Discovered radium and won the Nobel Prize twice.(3)B Put forward a theory about black holes.(4)A Invented the way of giving electricity to everybody.2.PredictingLook at the pictures and read the title of the passage on page 2-3 andpredict what the text is probably about?The passage probably about John Snow_ wg fbund_ 旦 way g cure- a kind_ 9f serious disease.Step While-reading1 .First reading-Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions. (l)Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para. 1 A.The truth was that polluted water carried the disease.Para.2 B.The influence of the way John Snow studied disease.Para.3 C.John Snow wanted to solve cholera completely.Para.4 D.He needed to prove the second theory explaining how cholera killed people was correct.Para.5 E.He found the evidence and stopped the disease.k 答案 I Para. 1 C Para.2 D Para.3 E Para.4 A Para.5 B (2)Read for details.How did he find out the cause of the disease?By marking a where all th© dead_ people had Jived.How was “King Cholera99 defeated?By stopping drinking Jh© polluted, water.2.Second readingFill in the blanks according to the text.Research stepsWhat/howTheoriesIt was believed that cholera was caused by bad air or germs in food or water.ProcessSnow marked the exact places where the people who died had lived. EvidenceMany deaths occurred near the water pump in Broad Street.Some people worked in the pub had not drunk the water from the pump and they survied.A woman and her daughter ©died in another part of London after moving away from Broad Street.©ConclusionThe pump water carried cholera ©germs.SolutionThe handle of the pump was removed.3.Third reading(l)Summarizing： Read the passage again and try to summarize its main idea in one sentence.The passage js about Jw也 John Snow found一 jhg gausg of ghoera_ and defeated “King Cholera”.(2)Thinking and discussing： What are the good qualities of great scientists?Tq be_ patient, strict, strong-willed, ambitious, intelligent, hardworking and so 9rLStep Post-reading1 .Pair work： How has John Snow's work affected our daily lives?Th© answei jg open.2 .What should we pay attention to in our daily life to prevent ourselves from getting infected with all these infectious diseases?The answer jg open.阅读技巧点拨学会问问题One way to approach a reading passage is to ask questions about it.Asking questions can help you understand the content.lt can also help you think more deeply about the topic.语言现象感知I .单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义l.Snow subscribed to the second theory?.赞同2.Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste.未加工的，未处理的n .词块积累写出以下词块的含义1 .the most feared disease 最可怕的疾病.become frustrated 变得沮丧2 .have two contradictory theories有两个相互矛盾的理论.through Snow's tireless efforts 通过斯诺的不懈努力3 .a substantial decrease 大量减少.the father of modem epidemiology 现代流行病学之父in.句式欣赏1.so.that 句式He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.2.have.done 结构It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.3.so that引导目的状语从句Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.课堂实践应用语言内化稳步提能AMeasles （麻疹）is only found in human beings.There is a highly effective and safe vaccine （疫苗）fbr the disease.So, in theory, measles could be destroyed.Yet the number of measles cases is on the rise.The World Health Organization （WHO） reports that, in the first three months of 2019, the number of cases is three times higher than it was last year.Africa alone has had a 700 percent increase compared to last year.The Democratic Republic of Congo reported 67， 000 measles cases and 901 measles- related deaths in 2018.This year, WHO officials have noted more than 40, 000 suspected measles cases in the country.That number includes 284 measles-related deaths in the first weeks of 2019.Between September 2018 and February 2019, Madagascar reported over 67, 000 measles cases, including 828 deaths.Dr.Fauci, who directs the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease in the USA, said that-one in 10 children who get infected with measles will get an ear infection that could cause deafness.One in 20 would get pneumonia.One in a thousand would get brain swelling, and one to three per thousand would die.To say that measles is a slight disease is completely incorrect.Walter Orenstein is with the Emory University Vaccine Center in Atlanta, Georgia.He has spent his life working to end measles.Orenstein says possible effects of the disease are worse in poor countries.一In those countries children are already at greater risk.They may be malnourished （营养不良的）.They may have damaged immune systems.They may be underweight and may have no access to health care so measles is a big killer, he said.You have a 90 percent chance of getting measles if you have not been vaccinated and you come in contact with someone who has it.Dr.Rebecca Martin is the Director of the Center for Global Health at the U.S.Centers for Disease Control.She is working to remove measles from Africa completely.一It is very infectious.lt will find nearly everybody who is not protected against measles, Martin said.Health experts advise patients to get two treatments of the measles vaccine.U.S.health officials say educating parents about both the disease and the vaccine is an important step in stopping the spread.Equally important is making vaccination a top goal of health systems worldwide.K语篇解读1 本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。理论上，麻疹是可以通过接种疫苗 被完全攻克的，但实际上麻疹病例从去年到今年呈上涨趋势，尤其是非洲国家的 疫情更为严重。本文进一步讲述了麻疹的后果，易感人群及其传播性，强调要在 全球范围重视麻疹疫苗。1 .The writer shows the sharp increase in measles cases by.A.giving examplesB.listing figuresC.analyzing causesD.following time orderK答案B K推理判断题。根据文章第三段特别是第四段，通过大量的数据 说明麻疹疫情呈上升趋势，所以推断出作者通过列举数字说明麻疹病例的急剧增 加。应选B。.The following are the possible results of measles except.A.an ear infectionB.pneumoniaC.brain swellingD.being underweightK答 案I D K细节理解题。根据第六段They may be underweightis a big killer 可知，对于体重偏轻及得不到医疗照顾的人来说，麻疹的危害会更大。应选D。.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. You are sure to get measles if you have not been vaccinated.B.It is safe to come in contact with someone who has measles.C.Parents should be educated about both the disease and the vaccine.D.Making vaccination a goal of health systems is only necessary in Africa.K答 案U C K推理判断题。根据倒数第一段U.S .health officials saystopping thespread可知，对父母进行麻疹疾病及接种疫苗的教育是防止传播的重要途径， 从而可以推断，父母应该接受关于这种疾病和疫苗的教育。应选C。.The purpose of the text is to.A.show the serious situation of measles.prove measles could be destroyedC.describe the result of the research on measlesD.wam us of the causes of measlesK答案X A K推理判断题。本文主要讲述理论上，麻疹是可以通过接种疫苗 被完全攻克的，但实际上麻疹病例从去年到今年呈上涨趋势，尤其是非洲国家的 疫情更为严重。本文进一步讲述了麻疹的后果，易感人群及其传播性，强调要在 全球范围重视麻疹疫苗。从而可以推断，文章的目的从头到尾都在强调麻疹疫情 的严重性，突出接种疫苗的必要性。应选A。RSupercomputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to become seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express.The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen "at risk” patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness.Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said： "I am so excited about this form of technology/lnstead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. "I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was-and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare.vThe technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London.He used AT to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years.Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.He found the technique forecast outcomes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 percent accuracy.Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16 percent of patients who went on to die."This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient." Prof Young saidInstead of waiting fbr people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier/5K语篇解读R本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病，每年可以挽救数万人的生命。5 .What does the underlined phrase "screen“ in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Comfort.B.Treat.C.Spot.D.Nurse.K答 案X C K词义猜想题。根据文章第二段so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness.（以便医生能够及早采取行动，预防死亡或严重疾病）可 以猜想出，人工智能将用于对高危病人进行“筛查”。此处screen意为“筛查”。 应选C/.How do supercomputers help save lives?A.By storing blood samples.B.By analyzing patients, cases.C.By observing changes in blood cells.D.By assisting doctors with their operations.K答 案 C K细节理解题。根据文章第三段Computers assess blood test results.suggesting a patient is going downhill.可知，计算机通过检测红细胞和白细 胞的细微变化来评估血液检测结果。应选C°R.Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution?A.To show the influence of AL.To stress the importance of health care.C.To introduce the topic of supercomputers.D.To present the achievement he has accomplished.K答 案 A K推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I think the potential of AL.we manage healthcare/9杨教授认为，人工智能在医疗保健领域的潜力与工业革命一 样大，以此类比，说明人工智能在医疗领域的影响力。应选A。1.What do we know about the new technology?A.It helps patients recover earlier.B.It has helped save thousands of lives.C.It will promote the health service greatly.D.It is intended fbr patients with kidney diseases.K答 案H C K推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Instead of waiting for. to treat