人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit3 Food and Culture教学设计1：Grammar.docx

Unit 3 Food and CultureGrammar教学目标与核心素养知识目标：掌握过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态的用法。能力目标：培养学生的语法运用的能力。情感目标：激发学生对语法学习的兴趣并使其喜欢语法学习，更好地将过去完成时运用 到实践中。教学重难点教学重点：让学生更好地理解过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态的用法。教学难点：使学生掌握过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态并可以进行造句练习。教学过程Pre-class1. Greeting2. Leading-in教师活动：让学生观察活动1中的句子，画出主句和从句的谓语动词，并思考以下问题:(1)主句和从句中的谓语动词分别用了什么时态和语态？(2)主句和从句中谓语动词的形式各是怎样的？(3)主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作哪个先发生、哪个后发生？(4)主句与从句之间的连接词是什么？学生活动：找出本单元第26和27页课文中使用过去完成时态的句子，并分析句子使用 的是什么语态。活动目的：通过提问和举例，学生大致了解本堂课所学语法知识。While-class教师活动：介绍过去完成时态的相关知识，同时根据具体情况举例说明过去完成时的主 动语态和被动语态。1 .过去完成时的主动语态(1)构成：had+过去分词(2)用法表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示这个动作发生的时间 是“过去的过去"，这一过去时间可用by, before等构成的短语及when, before, after, by the time等引导的状语从句表示。I had finished my homework before I had supper.我在晚饭前把家庭作业做完了。表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。这个动作可能还要延续下去, 常与for, since构成的表示一段时间的短语或since引导的表示一段时间的从句连用。He said that great changes had taken place in his hometown since 1990.他说自从1990年以来他的家乡发生了很大的变化。表示原计划或打算做某事而没有做成。常用动词有want, mean, plan, hope, suppose, expect, intend 等。They had wanted to help but couldn*t get there in time.他们本来是要去帮助的，但未能及时赶到那里。(3)特殊句式©It/This/That was the first/second. .time that sb. had done sth.这是/那是某人第一次/第二次做某事。This was the second time that the musician had toured Europe.这是这位音乐家第二次在欧洲巡回演出。用于 hardly/scarcely. . .when, no sooner . . . than 句式中。The audience had hardly been seated when the saxophone solo started.观众刚落座，萨克斯独奏就开始了。I had no sooner finished the work than the light went out.我刚完成工作，灯就熄灭了。这两个句子可以把hardly, no sooner提到句首变成倒装句，时态不变。Hardly had the audience been seated when the saxophone solo started.No sooner had I finished the work than the light went out.注意：在含有after或before引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，由于主句和从句的动作先 后关系明显，所以可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。After he left the room, the boss came in.他离开房间后，老板进来了。The train left before he got there.他还没到那儿，火车就开走了。(4)过去完成时、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别，试比拟：He had worked as a lecturer before he became a manager.在成为一名经理之前，他做过讲师。He has been a manager for years.他当经理已经有几个年头了。He once worked as a lecturer, but now he is a manager.他曾做过讲师，但现在他是一名经理。2 .过去完成时的被动语态(1)构成：had been+及物动词的过去分词(2)用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与by, before等引导的时间 状语连用。A new agreement had been signed by the time we got there.等我们到那儿的时候，一项新协议已经签署了。表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for, since引导的 表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several weeks.据报道，这场拍卖会已经做了好几个星期的广告。用在宾语从句中，常放在said, told, thought, wondered等动词过去式的后面，表示在 这些动作之前已经发生的被动动作。The architect told us that the project had been completed.那位建筑师告诉我们工程已经竣工了。根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。He had to leave his house because it had been flooded.他只好离开他的房子，因为他的房子已经被淹没了。After-class总结课堂所学知识。教师活动:让学生结对完成活动3.每对学生选择其中一个情境，然后根据所选情境造句。 教师鼓励学生使用过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态尽量多地造句，先让他们写在笔记本 上。然后，让学生使用所造句子，与同伴一起创编对话。教师可以和一位学生示范。T: What had you done when you set off for the cafeteria?S: I had just called Li Hua to go with me, but by the time we arrived, it had been closed.T: Oh, what a pity!S: I was told that you had been invited to the “insect" party. What was it like?T: Well, it was amazing. Before I went there, I had never thought of eating insects. I had tried three different kinds of insects before the end of the party.活动目的：教师通过组队对话和听众点评的方式，让听对话的学生专注于同学的表演, 并为学生创造互相学习和交流的机会。Summary老师总结课堂语法的要点。作业布置：完成课后练习。