人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists课时作业1：Grammar—Noun clause：predicative clause.docx

GrammarNoun clause ： predicative clause【基础巩固】i .选用适当的连接词填空that； why； whether； what； as if； whatever； because； when； howYou must do whatever is best for you.1. The trouble is that I lost the key to my room.2. I am not sure whether he is willing to help me.3. r m a bit sleepy, it' s because I was up all night.4. . Do you remember when/how/why he came here?5. r m wondering why you are always late for class.6. We think that it' s necessary to talk with him again.7. The question discussed at the meeting was whether it was worth trying.8. All this was over twenty years ago, but it is as if it were only yesterday.9. My parents are very kind to me and always let me do what/whatever I think I should do.IL完成句子That' s why I think（那就是我认为的原因）the trip along the Yangtze River will be a betterchoice.10. And you also should keep it in mind that exchanging notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study（和同学经常交流笔记是提高学习的好方法）.11. All the participants can get what they want（他们想要的东西）.12. In such a case I will insist on whatever I think is right（我认为正确的任何事情）.13. To practice as much as possible is where Che secret lies（秘密所在）.14. You need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurred to you（你怎样想至I的这个主 意）and what materials you used.15. r m wondering whether/if you would like to spend this time with us（你是否愿意和我们度过 这段时光）.【能力提升】in.阅读理解APeople have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer even though they have lifespans（寿命）that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors（肿瘤）developing.To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants.Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy.According to the research, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal' s sensitivity to DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors.“ An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals, “ the study author Dr Vincent Lynch told The GuardianAf every living cell has the same chance ofbecoming cancerous（癌变的），large creatures with a long lifespan like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice.But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.This phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named "Peto' sparadox（悖论）” .Biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not.In the elephantJ s case, the making of TP53 is nature' s way of keeping this species alive.The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants.This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers spreading or even developing in the first place.“ Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer, “ said Joshua Schiffman, a biologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US. "It' s up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people. ”语篇解读 科学家研究发现，大象不患癌症是因为它们的体内有很多阻止肿瘤生长的基因 TP53,人们有望通过制造TP53预防癌症。16. Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?A. They have a rather large body size.B. Their genes suffer no DNA damage.C. Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors.D. They carry many genes to prevent tumors developing.K答案I DK解 析U 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句u To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants.Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy."可知，大象携带的抗癌基因比其他物种多。应选D。17. According to the passage, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?A. Deadly tumors.B. The huge body mass.C. Cells killing themselves.D - Sensitivity to DNA damage.K答案U AK解 析I细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知，肿瘤是大体积动物进化过程的极大威胁。应选A。18. What does the underlined part “This phenomenon“ in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?A. Larger animals have protection from TP53.B The risk of cancer is not related to body size.C. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones.D. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they will have.K答案BI解 析U 词义猜想题。根据文章第四段最后一句But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass." 可知 This phenomenon 指代物种癌症的概率和他们的 体型大小没有关系，所以选B。19. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Depending on nature is surely enough to fight against cancer.B. The TP53 genes have proved useful in stopping cancer in people.C. Humans are expected to prevent cancer with the making of TP53.D. The extra copies of elephants' genes are used to cure cancer patients.K答案I cK解 析H 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句 "It' s up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.n 并名吉合上文陈述 的大象身上发现阻止肿瘤生长的基因TP53可以判断，人们有望通过制造TP53预防癌症。故 选C。BJapan? s biggest airline is betting that the future of travel isn' t traveling at all.For the last month, a married couple has been interacting with a robot-called an Avatar-that' s controlled by their daughter hundreds of miles away.Made by ANA Holdings Inc.it looks like a cleaner with an iPad attached.But the screen displays the daughter, s face as they chat, and its wheels let her move slowly about the house as though she' s really there.Virtual travel” is nothing new, of course.Storytellers, travel writers and artists have stimulating（刺激）the sense of armchair tourists for centuries.lt? s only in recent decades that frequent, safe travel has become available to the non-wealthy.Yet even as the world' s middle classes climb out of the armchair and into economy-class seats, there are signs of a post-travel society coming into being.Concems about sustainability（可持续开展） are having an negative influence on carbon-intensive airlines.And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to experience the world.For the travel industry, virtual（虚拟的）reality offers an attractive response to these trend.Of course, far-out technologies encourage far-out claims.ANA doesn' t plan to start selling Avatars until next year.Profits, too, will probably be difficult to achieve ： according to one investigation, the global market for this kind of technology will be worth only about $300 million by 2023.By contrast, ANA' s traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.But if the business case for virtual vacations is still weak, the market for technologies that bridge physical distances between families and coworkers seems likely to soy expand.ANAJ s robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they' 11 almost certainly be a part of travel? s high-tech future.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本最大的航空公司目前正在致力于开发虚拟旅 行技术。有迹象说明，一个后旅游时代正在形成，这是对富裕社会的老龄化趋势的一个有 吸引力的回应。但是虚拟旅行的全球市场还很难预测，作者对此持乐观态度。20. “Avatar” is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to .A. display how people travel with the robot “Avatar”B introduce a new service offered by Japan' s biggest airlineC. lead in the topic of virtual travel by providing a vivid | scenedescribe what the robot “Avatar“ looks like and how it worksK答案X cK解 析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 Virtual travel? is nothing new, of course. 可知，在第一段中提到“Avatars"，是为了通过提供一个生动的场景来引入虚拟旅行的话题。 应选C。21. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that people' s choice of virtual travel may be the result of.A. the demand for safe travelwealthy people' s growing oldB. worries about low-carbon airlinesD the support of advanced technologiesK答案I Bk 解 析U 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 u And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to experience the world.For the travel industry, virtual reality offers an attractive response to these trend. ” 可知，人们选择虚拟旅行可 能是富人变老的结果。应选B。22. By saying u far-out technologies encourage far-out claims? , the writer means .A. traditional travel business is not profitableB global market for virtual travels is hard to predictC. the time is ripe for selling Avatars in term of technologyD. virtual travels will take the place of traditional ones very soonK答案R BK解 析I 词句猜想题。根据第四段内容可知，作者说这句话的意思是虚拟旅行的全球市场 很难预测。应选B。23. What' s the writerJ s attitude to virtual technology?A. Uncertain.B. Cautious.C. Enthusiastic.D. Optimistic.K答案X D工解 析H 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"ANA' s robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they' 11 almost certainly be a part of travel" s high-tech future. ” 可知， 作者对虚 拟技术持乐观态度。应选D。IV.七选五Our mind is a powerful thing, which can either improve or crush our mood.Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds, but if you' re engaging in it constantly, and you believe it, it could be destroying your sense of self-esteem. 26What can you do? Here are some suggestions：Live in the momentSelf-talk is so subtle that we often don' t notice its effect on our mood and belief system.Key things to notice are “ if only ” or “ what if“ statements: the former keep you stuck in the past with regret, while the latter keep you fearful of the future. 27 So stay in the present moment.Visualize the good thingsIf we want to change the negative tapes playing in our heads, we have to visualize ourselves positively一that means seeing yourself non-judgmentally.How would that look? Draw a picture in your mind and expand on it.28Whatever you believe, you' 11 experience more, and you' 11 also find yourself behaving in ways that are congruent（致的）with your beliefs.So start believing the best about yourself: act as if you believe that you' re a valuable and worthy person.Develop positive thoughts29 What are your strengths? What are you good at? Keep your thoughts in the here-and-now.Instead of saying 'T m not good enough"，try saying “I am capable.I accept myself the way I am. ”Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely self-limiting. 30Pay attention to the causeA. Recognize that actions always follow beliefsThere is nothing you can do about the past, and the future isn' t here yet.B. In short, it brings your focus on your failures, and that gets you nowhere.C. Negative thoughts account for bad feelings that hook you into being that you' re a failure.D. Instead of always putting yourself down, think of some things you actually like about yourself. G. Decide today to turn off the negative self-talk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何消除自己心中的消极想法的几点建议。26. K答案1DK角翠 析U 根据本空前的“.butifyou' re engaging in it constantly, and you believe it, it could be destroying your sense of self-esteem.v可知，D项（简而言之，它把你的注意力集中在你的失 败上，这不会给你带来任何好处）符合语境。27. K答案1CK解 析I 根据本空后的“So stay in the present moment.”可知，C项（对于过去你无能为力， 而未来还未到来）符合语境。28. K答案X BK解 析U 根据本段中的 .you, 11 also find yourself behaving in ways that are congruent（- 致的）with your beliefs.”可知，B项（认识到行动总是遵循信念）符合语境。29. K答案1FK解析U 根据后文中的"Instead of saying T m not good enough? , try saying 'I am capable.! accept myself the way I am.? ”可知，F项（与其总是贬低自己，不如想想你真正喜欢 自己的一些东西）符合语境。30. K答案1 GK解 析U 根据本空前的 uThinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely self-limiting."可知，G项（今天就停止在脑海中用消极的思想贬低自己，开发你真正的潜能） 符合语境。