人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists课时作业6：Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language.docx

UNIT1SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTSReading and Thinking & Learning About LanguageK基础练工I .根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词What was it that made her transform （改变）from an ordinary woman into a successful lady?1. I didn't know how to handle （应对）the situation, but an idea suddenly struck me that I could turn to my best friend for help.2. What they may not know is that some bottled water may not be as pure （ F净的）as they expect.3. Household behaviour actually can make a substantial （重大的）difference, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University.4. In a world that warms up by 3 , it found that multiple （多种多样的）changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.5. According to the latest rule, people shall sort household （家庭）garbage into four categories.6. The destruction of the earthquake was so severe that it might take years lo rebuild the city.7. I keep getting contradictory advicesome people tell me to keep it warm and some tell me to put ice on it.8. Since the outbreak of the Novel coronavirus disease, the Chinese have been making all-out efforts to battle against it.9. Researchers claim to have found the proof that getting a regular eight -hour sleep every night makes a real difference to our health.H.单句语法填空words "'sisterly love"， which has 14 countless others with her action!The Scheinman family's motto is Don't Give Up, Give Back.They are a true example of taking action» helping others and doing something good in the face of 15 .K语篇解读本文是记叙文。黑莉从小就无微不至地照顾身患疾病的双胞胎妹 妹，为募集妹妹的巨额治疗费，她小小年纪就在网上卖自己的绘画作品，后来还 创办了一个慈善组织来帮助更多需要帮助的病人。1. A.twinB. youngerC. elderD. lonelyK 答 案 H A K 根据设空处后的 the two are of an age and practically inseparable 可知，姐妹俩同岁，应该是双胞胎。twin意为“双胞胎之一的"，符合语境。A.alikeB. differentC. similarD. consistentK答案X B K根据下文的 Hailey is healthy, but Livy from epilepsy.及 Regardless of their physical difference 黑莉很健康，而莉薇身患癫痫，由此 可知姐妹俩在身体健康程度上是不同的。different意为“不同的"，符合语境。 alike意为“十分相似的"；similar意为“相似的；类似的"；consistent意为"一 贯的；一致的” /2. A.recoversB. comesC. differsD. suffersR答案D K前后两句是通过but来连接，故该空所在的分句要与“黑莉是 很健康的”构成转折关系；根据设空处后的叩ilepsy可知，此处指莉薇身患癫痫。 sufferfrom意为“遭受"，符合语境。UA.goesB. shinesC. breaksD. getsK答 案 B R根据下文的 Hailey helps her sister with her many needs 可知， 黑莉对莉薇的爱每天都显现无遗。shine through意为“显现出来”，符合语境。X 5. A.loveB. hateC. angerD. pityK答案H A K根据空前的this可知，该空所要填的词就是指前句中Haileyhelps her sister with her many needs 所表现出来的爱。应选 love。26. A.transportB. socialC. accommodationD. medicalK答案D K 根据下文.money for Livy's expensive medical treatments.和 from everything sold at Livy's Hope to other families who are going through what the Scheinman have 可知，莉薇身患癫痫，需要治疗，这一家人主要是帮助有相同境遇的人。medical意为“医学的；医疗的“，符合语境。transport意为“运 输"；social意为“社交的"；accommodation意为"住处"7. A.spendB. lendC. useD. raiseK答案XD K根据设空处后的expensive medical treatments可知，此处指父母谈论怎样为莉薇的治疗筹钱。raise意为“募集；筹集“，符合语境。8. A.hangingB. advertisingC. sellingD. buyingK答案 H C K 根据下文中的 Now, they give 100%of the profits from everything sold at Livy's H叩e可知，黑莉立即开始画画并将作品放在网上卖。故selling符 合语境。RA.takingB. givingC. payingD. settingR答案B K 根据下句 Now, they give 100% of the profits from everything sold at Livyt Hope可知，这一家把他们的慈善组织所获得的利润全部捐给需要帮助 的人。give back to意为“回馈”，符合语境。A.expcriencedB. witnessedC. heardD. discoveredK答案】A K根据设空处前的going through可知，此处指他们一家所经历 的。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。witness意为“目击”；hear意为“听 说“；discover意为“发现”“A.becomeB. changedC. appearedD. grownK答案11 DK根据空后出现的local和national两个词可知，他们发起的活动规模在变大。grow意为“扩大；增多”，符合语境。A.conferenceB. gameC. eventD. festivalK答案R C R根据上文中的they launched an activity可知，这是他们发起的 一项活动，由当地的柠檬汁摊位开展到全国甚至全世界的活动。activity与event 相对应。event意为“活动”，符合语境。9. A.meaningB. conceptC. imageD. functionK答案1 A K根据上文所讲的她不仅帮助自己的家人还帮助有同样遭遇的 人可知，她的善举和同情心给“sisterly love”赋予了新的含义。meaning意为“意 义；含义”，符合语境。XA.confirmedB. savedC. inspiredD. persuadedK答案H C K黑莉的爱心以及她的行动鼓舞了无数的人，与上文的analional that takes place in every state and around the world each July 相对应。inspire 意为 “鼓舞；激励"，符合语境。confirm意为“证实；证明" ；save意为“挽救； 省钱” ；persuade意为“劝说“10. A.dangerB. difficultyC. riskD. failureK答案BK根据上文可知，黑莉是在自身家庭处于困境的情况下帮助别人。difficulty意为"困难；难事”，符合语境。 in.语法填空No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Yet 1. (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining 2.(they).Most of the clubs work the same way.Members read the same book at the same time.Then they meet to talk about the book.Members may be friends or people 3. live near each other.Some Americans belong to reading groups on 4. Intcrnct.Thcse groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read.They send electronic mails instead of gathering 5.(discuss) books.Most reading groups study books by 6. (variety) writers.Howcver, some groups read the work of a single writer, 7.(usual) one that has been famous for a while.Other groups may 8.(name) after an important person in the work of the writer, 9. a Sherlock Holmes Club.Members of these book clubs often are experts about their 10. (choose) reading materials.One member of a Holmes reading group, for example, can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.K语篇解读U越来越多的美国人正在加入读书俱乐部，读书俱乐部也有各种各样的活动形式。随着科技的开展，现在也有网上读书俱乐部。1. publishers K句意：然而出版商和书店告知，越来越多的美国人正在加入读 书俱乐部。根据语境及后面的bookstores可知，此处所指的出版商不止一个，且 设空处为可数名词，故填publishers。them K句意见上题K解析加设空处在及物动词之后作宾语，应用宾格， 且指代上文提到的book clubs,为复数,故填them。2. who/that K句意：会员们之间可能是朋友或者是住得比拟近的人。分析句子 结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people,在定语从句中作主语，指 人,故填 who/that。the K句意：有些美国人加入了网上的读书俱乐部。on the Internet为固定搭 配，故填the。3. to discuss K句意：他们发电子邮件而不是聚在一起讨论图书。根据句意可 知，设空处应用不定式表目的，故填to discuss。?4. various K句意：大多数的读书俱乐部会读不同作者的书。设空处应用形容 词修饰名词writers,故填various。3usually K句意：然而有些读书俱乐部也会只读某一个作者的书，通常是一 段时间以来已经小有名气的作者。设空处应用副词，修饰整句话，故填usually。 8. be named K句意：其他一些俱乐部可能是以作者作品中的一个重要人物命 名的，比方一个叫夏洛克福尔摩斯的俱乐部。设空处作谓语，且主语和name为 逻辑上的被动关系，情态动词后用动词原形，故填be named。9. likeK句意见上一题K解析儿设空处是举例，意为“像”，故填like。chosen K句意：这些读书俱乐部的很多成员在他们挑选的阅读材料方面是 专家。设空处应用形容词修饰名词短语reading materials,故填chosen。1. He is coming here purely (pure) because he wants to participate in the football championships again.2. The police suspected him of having a part in the jewel robbery.3. The vaccine is developed to protect the whole population against infection (infect) ofCOVID-19.4. It was reported that Germany had taken a lot of measures to slow the rate of infection, including closing hair and beauty studios.Other non-essential shops had been shut (shut) already.5. I feel it is both of you who are to blame (blame)for the spoiled child.6. The new student is so sincere that all classmates want to make friends with her.7. It seemed that the sea lion didn't mind being with the tourists at all.8. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated (frustrate) because no customers had come to his restaurant ever since he got up in the morning.9. The way that he did things was contradictory (contradiction) to what he had said earlier this week.10. Your subscription (subscribe) will be automatically renewed each month without notice until you cancel it.HI.选词填空subscribe to, die from, attend to, once and for all, in general, for this reason, thanks to, as a result of, what is more, find out, in time1. When the outbreak of COVID 19 hit the world, tens of thousands of people died from the disease.2. In those days doctors had two contradictory thcories.Snow subscribed to the second theory.3. He was determined to 3nd out the truth of this incident.4. What is more、in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street.5. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even altended lo Queen Victoria when she gave birth.6. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.7. In general, physics is only one science among many.8. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.9. Thanks to the Chinese people's united and arduous efforts, the situation in China is getting better.10. For ihis reason, Scow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.M补全句子Not many people subscribe lo ihe idea/view ihat money can bring happiness. 并不是很多人赞同金钱能带来幸福的观点。1. Cathj had auit her job when her son was bom so that she could stay at home and raise her family.凯西在儿子出生时就辞掉了工作，以便能留在家里养家。2. The lesson was so boring Ihat/So boring was ihe lesson (hat most of the students went to sleep.这堂课如此无聊以至于大多数学生都睡着了。3. 4 seems that they know what they're doing. 看来，他们知道自己在干什么。V.课文语法填空In the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, 1. (cause) millions of deaths.Seeing this, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.At that time, doctors 2. (have) two theories to explain how cholera spread.One was that bad air caused the disease and another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or watcr.John Snow discovered that in two particular streets 3. cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.Through 4. (he) serious investigation, he found it was the pump water in Broad Street containing germs 5. resulted in the outbreak of cholera.Therefore, he had the handle of the pump 6. (remove) so that it could not be used.Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.It turned out that the water from the Broad Street pump 7. (infect) by waste.Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link 8. other cases of cholera and the different water 9. (company) in London.Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 10. (fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.R语篇解读本文介绍了约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”。1. causing K考查非谓语动词。动词cause与an oulbreak of cholera之间是主谓 关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。had K考查时态。根据句中的At that time及前后句的时态可知，此处应用 一般过去时2. the K考查冠词。根据上文可知，此处指的是19世纪初发生在欧洲的那次 霍乱，表特指，故填the。his K考查代词。根据空后的investigation可知，此处应用he的形容词性物 主代词hiSo33. that K考查强调句。found后是一个强调句，强调了句子的主语the pump water in Broad Street containing germs, 故填 thato 3removed K考查非谓语动词。此处考查了“have sth done”结构；remove与the handle of the pump之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词。4. had been infected K考查时态和语态。根据"It turned out”可知,infect所表示 的动作发生在turned out所表示的动作之前，而infect与主语water之间是动宾关 系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。between K考查介词link between.and意为” 与 之间的联系”。2 9. companies K考查名词的数。根据句中的different可知，此处用company的 复数形式。110. Fortunately K考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处位于句首，修饰整个句 子，故用副词。XK提能练I .阅读理解What a Scientist Is LikeIf you were asked to imagine a scientist, what image would come to your mind? The common idea that most kids from kindergarten through college have of a scientist is a man wearing a white lab coat with messy hair, big glasses, and several glass cups of mysterious colourful liquids giving off clouds of smoke.As for adults, the majority view scientists as strange people who spend 100 hours a week slaving away in a lonely laboratory.However, the reality is quite different.Recently I've had a chance to take part in a scientific experience far from my laboratory and into Costa Rica.lt supports a huge amount of wildlife due to its geographical placement between North and South America.lt is home to more than 500, 00() species, which are at present nearly 4% of the total species worldwide!First we worked alongside conservationists to preserve wildlife at a leatherback turtle (棱皮龟)rescue centre.We helped the volunteers preserve turtle populations by removing rubbish from the shoreline to create a safe environment for turtle eggs to come out.After that we stayed at Mount Arenal where we studied seismic activity relating to earthquakes.During our stay at Arenal, we rode over the mountainous areas and took a long walk through the rainforest.After reaching the top, wc went down and through waterfalls to the beautiful valley below! On the last day we got a hands-on introduction to rocket science where we learnt about new rocket technology that will be used on the international space station.During my Costa Rica experience, I know that being a scientist doesn't mean working in a lab all day and night.A scientist is one who loves learning and getting a better understanding of the world from helping preserve wildlife, learning about earthquakes or inventing rockets.I think that schools should really stress that science is so much more than wearing a lab coat and mixing chemicals.Kids need to be aware of the excitement and adventures science can bring!K语篇解读人们通常认为科学家整天在实脸室做着无聊的实验。作者通过自 己的亲身经历向人们展示了科学家并不是人们通常所认为的样子，科学能带来兴 奋与奇遇，以此鼓励孩子们要热爱科学，并去研究科学。1. According to the first paragraph, scientists are often believed .A. to work as slavesto behave in a strange wayB. to spend too much time in labsto do experiments in messy labsK答 案C R细节理解题。根据第一段的 the majority view scientists.a lonely laboralory可知，人们通常认为科学家大多数时间都在实验室做实验。应选C项。U 2. How did the author help to preserve the turtle populations?A. By creating a safe nest for turtles.B. By picking up rubbish from the shoreline.C. By collecting the turtle eggs on the beach.D. By finding a comfortable environment for turtles.K答 案 B K细节理解题。根据第三段第二句We helped the volunteers preserve.to come out.可知，作者是通过清除海岸上的垃圾来为海龟蛋顺利出壳创 造平安环境的方式帮助海龟的。应选B项。What docs the author learn about science from his experience?A. Science is full of boring experiments.B. Science is more than working in a lab.C. Science is related to mysterious liquids.D. Science is about wildlife and earthquakes.K答 案H B K细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I know that being a scientist doesn't mean working in a lab all day and night 和 science is so much more than wearing a lab coat and mixing chemicals可知，作者通过这次经历，了解了科学并 不仅仅意味着在实验室工作。应选B项，What is the purpose of this passage?A. To encourage kids to study science.B. To tell the story of travelling in Costa Rica.C. To expect more people to travel in Costa Rica.D. To share the secrets behind science phenomena.K答 案A K推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句I Ihink ihal schools should really stress.and adventures science can bring!可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是 鼓励孩子们去学习科学，真正了解科学。】BAs China fights against COVID 19 （新型冠状病毒肺炎）,which broke out in Wuhan in Central China's Hubei Province before spreading across the nation, many foreigners are staying in China to offer their help.They praised the Chinese government response.With thousands of Chinese medical personnel having gone to Wuhan, many foreigners who live in Wuhan chose to stay and support the city during this tough period. "Wuhan will never be alone, " Dr.Philippe Klein, manager of the International Clinic in Wuhan Union Hospital, said on Tuesday.Klein refused to leave Wuhan when the French government sent a plane to take French citizens out of the city. "I am on duty.I will be much more useful in Wuhan than in France.I chose to work in China and the Chinese accepted me, so I must be an example for my Chinese tcam» ” Dr.Klein added.There arc also foreigne