人教版(新教材)高中英语选修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists课时作业4：Using Language.docx

Using LanguageK基础练XI .根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词rd like to buy a telescope （望远镜）for my son as a gift.1. This scientist made great contributions to the development of astronomy（天 文学）.2. All the teachers are satisfied with your brilliant（绝妙的）performance in the speech contest.3. The house isn't big enough for us, and furthermore（止匕夕卜）,it's too far from the town.4. Strong 1 eadership（领导才能）is needed to captain this team.5. The player's outstanding（杰出的）performance left a deep impression on everyone present.6. The professor abstract theory is hard for us to understand.7. I'm really sorry-it is all my fault.8. To our amazement, he refused to transform his idea.9. I have got vivid memories of my happy childhood.n.单句语法填空We tried to discourage him from climbing the mountain without a guide.1. To protect ourselves from getting infected, what can we do besides wearing （wear） masks?2. If you don't know much about cars, take a friend who has a deep understanding （understand） of them along while choosing cars.3. . The new car had to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanicaK mechanic ） defect （缺陷）.4. What matters is that we all have our own dreams, goals and desires.5. She is counted among the most gifted （gift） of contemporary composers.Ill.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短 文。I lived in the State of Texas, where sudden storms often happened every year.Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky.After lunch, Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while Mama started dinner.Everything seemed peaceful.Faye and I played happily in the yard.The heat had been building since dawn.Suddenly the temperature droppedit felt good. Then Mama shouted from the house, “Iris, you and Faye get inside, real quick now! ”I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust, like thick smoke from a railway engine's chimney.All the birds flew away.The stop lights nearby weren't working because of a power failure.“Faye, go with Mama! ” I shouted. "I'll warn Papa.”Faye ran toward the house.The storm hit so fast that I hardly saw her climb the steps.In a short time, the day turned into night.I screamed for Papa, hoping my voice would lead him back.But I couldn't hear or see him at all.Some poor house roofs were blown off, and small trees down.I thought a terrible storm was on the way and the scene was “the worst Fve seen in several years." The dirt and sand stung （刺痛）my face like a thousand bees.I needed to get to shelter.Covering my face with one hand, I made my way toward the car and opened the door.Dirt flew in with me as I pulled the door closed.Papa was still out somewhere! I needed to help him find the car.I searched the dashboard （仪表板）and found the switch for the front lights.They made some rays, but would Papa see them in the thick darkness? I pushed the horn （喇 叭）again and again, hoping Papa would hear it.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Suddenly, Papa's face appeared at the window.Papa shut off the car's lights and I worried the dirt would bury us.K参考范文XSuddenly, Papa's face appeared at the window.My heart jumped with surprise and relief.He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me.He coughed and wiped his eyes with dirty hands, then pulled me into his arms. "Oh, Iris, you're safe.v I hugged Papa and cried.I could feel the tears streaming down my dirty cheeks.Papa looked into my face, "Your mother and Faye? ” I said, “They are in the house.” Papa nodded, "Good.We'll wait out the storm here.”Papa shut off the cai's lights and I worried the dirt would bury us.Luckily, the wind died down and the dust started to settle.Papa kicked against the door, opening it far enough to let us out.We went home as Mama dashed out. "Mum! ” I shouted and ran into her arms. "Oh, my precious Iris! ” Mama cried. "You and Papa are safe!” "Im safe thanks to Iris.n Papa said. "The car's horn led me to sheltern . "I'm so proud of you, “ Mum said to me.I cried even more, with tears of joy because my family had survived the horrible storm.6. Attracted (attract) by the beauty of nature, the family from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.7. . If you make a decision to pursue (pursue) a career in this field, then you will have to make certain sacrifices.8. All the police are trained to defend themselves against/from knife attacks.9. Before leaving Guangzhou for Paris, the foreign guest came with her children to thank the shop assistant (assist) who was kind to them.HI.选词填空break out, above all, in charge of, come down with, have a great impact on, think outside the box, trace back to, dream of1. The old tea houses in Hangzhou can be traced back to the Southern Song Dynasty.2. Above all, we must make good use of online courses to improve our learning efficiency.3. For years man has dreamt of being able to communicate directly with animals.4. It's required that the people who come down with a fever be sent to designated hospitals (定,点医院)to have further examinations.5. The difficulties and challenges we meet at university will have a great impact on our personality.6. He was named as a team leader in charge of the prevention of this deadly epidemic.7. To solve this tough problem, we're going to have to think outside ths box.8. Under certain circumstances, however, some diseases can break out and cause widespread infection.IV.补全句子She likes nothing better than a nice long walk on the beach.她最喜欢的莫过于在沙滩上长时间愉快地散步。1. It is quite obvious that we must apply other methods to settle/deal with/solve the problem.很明显，我们必须用其他方法来解决这个问题。2. Not ooly do th。professors have their own ideas about the matter, but the students also have theirs.对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。3. I personally hold that you shouldn't be so particular about food. 我个人认为你不应该对食物那么挑剔。4. The doctor walked toward his office, followed by a crowd of journalists. 这位医生朝他的办公室走去，后面跟着一群记者。5. When asked to explain why she went through a red light, she defended herself vigorously.当被要求解释为什么闯红灯时，她极力为自己辩白。v .课文语法填空The Father of China's AerospacePerhaps no other scientist has had a 1.(great) impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.He was a well -respected man, 2. served his homeland with effort, achievement and devotion.Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and Shanghai.In 1935, he went to the US 3. further study and then worked there.After overcoming some difficulties, he 4. (return) to China in 1955, and was put in charge of developing China's rocket science as well as the space and missile programme.5. (face) with challenges, Qian didn't feel discouraged.When 6. (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles? ” , his reply was u Why not? ” Under 7. (he) leadership, China developed its own missiles , rockets, and man - made satellites 8. (success). Qian was knowledgeable.However, 9. made him an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his interest in other things like music and drawing, which gave him 10. (inspire) in scientific research.The whole country was saddened by Qian's death in 2009.K语篇解读R本文介绍了航天科学家钱学森。1. greater K考查形容词比拟级。句意：或许没有其他科学家比钱学森对中国 的航天科学影响更大了。由后文中的than可以判断设空处用形容词比拟级，故 填greater。注意：否认词与形容词比拟级连用表示最高级的含义。who K考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， served his homeland with effort, achievement and devotion是一个非限制性定语从句且从句中缺少主语，修饰先行 词 man,故填 who。2. for K考查介词。句意：1935年，他去美国深造，然后在那里工作。further study意为“深造”，前面应用介词for。1returned K考查动词的时态。句意：在克服了一些困难之后，他于1955年 回到中国。分析句子结构可知，设空处充当谓语，根据时间状语in 1955确 定用一般过去时，故填returned。3. Faced K考查非谓语动词。句意：面对挑战，钱学森并没有气馁。分析句子 结构可知，设空处在句中作状语，be faced with.意为“面对”，故填过去分词 Faced o 34. asked K考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问到“我们中国人有可能制造导 弹吗？ "，他的回答是“为什么不能呢？ "。分析句子结构可知，设空处完整的 表达为:When (he was) asked uCan we Chinese possibly make missiles? ”,故填 asked。2his 1考查代词。句意：在他的领导下，中国成功地研制了自己的导弹、火 箭和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰名词leadership,故用形 容词性物主代词hiSoU5. successfully K考查词性转换。句意：在他的领导下，中国成功地研制了自 己的导弹、火箭和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰动词 developed,故用副词 successfully。2what K考查名词性从句。句意：然而，使他成为一位杰出的、创造性的科 学家的可能是他对其他东西的兴趣，比方音乐和绘画，这为他的科学研究提供了 灵感。分析句子结构可知， made him an outstanding and creative scientist 是 一个主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用连接代词what。26. inspiration K考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作及 物动词gave的直接宾语，故填名词inspiration,意为"启发；灵感;激励“K提能练?I .七选五Today it is common to see people who walk about with coloured wires hanging from their ears wherever they go.They move about in their personal bubbles, sometimes unaware of what's happening around them. 1 Outside life is shut out.So are you one of “them”？For me, walking around in my own personal bubble is perfect. 2 Whafs even better, wearing earphones seems to give a signal to people which says, 'Tm not available for chatting at the moment! ”Suppose, you're at work and about to make an incredible breakthrough, but a colleague suddenly turns up.At this precise moment, the slightest disturbance would break your concentration. 3 Once again, those wires hanging from your ears would be sure to give that “ Go away! ” signal.7. It's probably part of growing up when they just want to ignore their whole family.While their mothers give them lectures about why they should do their homework, they can just turn up the volume on their MP3 player, smile, and say “Yes, Mum." The problem is solved.Pretty soon, not only will we have pretty coloured wires hanging from our ears but also our brains will be directly plugged into some new high-tech instruments .We'll be in a virtual world, communicating with everyone else, or choosing not to, as we like.In this world, we will all be permanently plugged into. 5 And they are changing our social habits along the way.In the end, there is a thin line between using technology as a tool for making life better and being a slave to it! It's so strange.Suddenly, I don't feel like wearing my earphones anymore.A. Our instruments are changing quickly.B. I also have wires hanging from my ears.C. In the home situation, teenagers love these wires.D. I don't have to deal with the noise from the environment.E. After all, I am listening to my favourite music and would rather not be disturbed.F Listening to music through earphones is the perfect way to ignore such interruptions.G. They walk around in their own space, with their personal "digital noise reduction system”.K语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。当今随处可见戴着耳机的青少年们，他们沉浸在自己的世界里，与外界隔绝。戴耳机有很多好处，可以省去很多打搅和麻烦。 科技改变了人们的生活习惯，本来是为了使生活更美好，但人们似乎在逐渐成为 科技产品的奴隶。1. G K根据前 句 “They move about in their personal bubbles, sometimes unaware of what's happening around them”以及后一句"Outside life is shut out”可 知，他们塞着耳机，沉浸在自己的世界里，有时甚至意识不到外界发生的事情, G 项 They walk around in their own space, with their personal "digital noise reduction system”.（他们在各自的空间活动，戴着他们自己的“数码降噪系统”）承上启下。 应选G项。XD K根据后文 “What's even better, wearing earphones seems to give a signal to people which says, Tm not available for chatting at the moment!'"可知，作 者认为在自己的世界中生活是很不错的，戴着耳机对于别人来说是一个信号，告 诉他们现在自己没空聊天。What's even better说明后一句与空格处都说明戴耳机 的好处。D 项 I don't have to deal with the noise from the environment.（我不需要应 对环境中的噪音）就是戴耳机的一项好处。应选D项。X2. F K根据前文“At this precise moment, the slightest disturbance would break your concentration"可知，就在此时此刻，一点小小的干扰都会使你注意力不集中。 再根据后一句 "Once again, those wires hanging from your ears would be sure to give that 'Go away!' signal”可知，你耳朵上的耳机会给周围的人“走开，请 勿打搅！”的暗示。空格处与后一句均说明耳机所起的作用。F项Listening to music through earphones is the perfect way to ignore such interruptions.（用耳机听音 乐就是一个很好的忽视这样的打搅的方法）符合上下文文意。应选F项。HC K 根据后句 uIts probably part of growing up when they just want to ignore their whole family可知这一段主要讲青少年在家里戴耳机的原因。C项符合本 段文意。应选C项。X3. A K根据后句"And they are changing our social habits along the way”可知， 它们在改变着我们的社交习惯，And提示空格处与该句为并列关系，且内容相关。A项Our instruments are changing quickly.（我们的设备在快速变化）符合文意。故 选A项。n .完形填空When life hands you lemonswell, don't even bother.Sixthgrader Jamaria Crump has already set an example.lt took her one year to perfect her lemonade recipe （食谱）along with some desserts that made her business, LemonTopia, a 2 . And what is even more amazing is that, with some help from her 3 , Jamaria built LemonTopia herself.“ She had 4 for a lemonade stand for a year before I let her do it, “ said her mom, Jasmine Hall.When Jamaria's previous school announced a bake sale （烤饼义卖），it was the perfect 5 But the school told her she had to offer baked food 6 lemonade.So Jamaria added cookies and cheesecake.After the bake sale, she kept J7 at school and community events.“It continued in different places 8 she served a party at the city hall, “ Jasmine said."We made a fortune at the party." And with that money, Jamaria 9 her mother for working at the stand. "She's a kid, so sometimes she wants to 10 such as going to the concert.v Jasmine said."If I have to 11 for her, she will offer me money hourly." The market manager said Jamaria's “drinks and snacks are the special, cheerful presence in the market”. 12 , the market is competitive so Jamaria has to 13 ways to drum up business.Fortunately, she has shown her 14 as she developed lemonade with new flavors （味道）."Im very 15 of my daughter for sticking with it, “ said Jasmine.语篇解读I本文是记叙文。六年级学生Jamaria Crump凭借坚持逐渐打响了自己的柠檬汽水生意。1. A plexB. expensiveC. uniqueD. familiarK答案H C K根据下文中的 “drinks and snacks are the special, cheerful presence in the marketv可知，Jamaria的产品比拟独特，故此处表示她花了一年 的时间来完善自己独特的配方。U2. A.hit3. A.hitC recordB. realityD. testK答 案H A K根据下文可知，Jamaria的生意取得了成功，其产品很受欢迎。hit在此处作名词，意为“很受欢迎的事物"4. A.dadB. momC. friendsD. classmatesK答案B K根据下文中的“Jamariaher mother for working at the stand”可知,Jamaria在母亲的帮助下创办了 LemonTopia。34. A.appliedB. lookedC. actedD. beggedK答案DK根据上下文可知，此处表示Jamaria的母亲过了 一年才同意她摆摊卖柠檬汽水的请求。beg for的意思是“请求”。5. A.challengeB. phenomenonC. opportunityD. achievementK答案力CK根据语境可知，这次义卖活动对于Jamaria来说是一次绝佳的机会(opportunity)。36. A.in spite ofB. rather thanC. in addition toD. in place ofK答 案H C K根据下文中的“So Jamaria added cookies and cheesecake”可知， 校方要求她除了卖柠檬汽水之外还必须卖烘焙食物。in addition to的意思是 “除之外还”/A.sellingB. wanderingC. exhibitingD. advertisingK答案 AK根据语境可知，在烤饼义卖活动后，她继续在学校和社区活动中售卖自己的柠檬汽水和甜点。R7. A.whenB. untilC- unlessD. afterK答 案B(根据语境可知，此处表示她一直在不同的地方售卖产品，直到她给在市政厅举办的一个聚会供应食品力8. A.praisedB. pleasedC. paidD. persuadedK答 案H CK根据下文中的"she will offer me money hourly”可知，Jamaria会支付母亲经营摊位的工资。X9. A.studyB. succeedC. playD. workR答案C KJamaria毕竟是个孩子，有时她想去玩，所以她的母亲就不得 不临时替她经营摊位。XA.fill inB . show upC. turn outD. come alongK答 案1 A K参见上题K解 析X。fin in “暂时代替，临时补缺“；show up ”出 现"；turnout ”出席（某项活动），在场"；come along ”到达，跟随" °A.ThereforeB. HoweverC. OtherwiseD. BesidesK答案BK根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系，应选B。A.appeal forB. deal withC. come up withD. take overK答 案C k市场竞争激烈，所以Jamaria必须得想出（come up with）方法去 兜揽生意。drum up表示“竭力争取（支持）；兜揽（生意）”。appeal for ”恳求，呼 吁”；deal with ”处理"；takeover ”接管,接收“。工A.responsibilityB. choiceC. determinationD. expectation答 案H AK根据下文中的 “she developed lemonade with new flavors（味道）”和“sticking with it”可知，Jamaria研发柠檬汽水的新口味去应对激烈的市场竞争， 坚持经营这份事业，这表达出了她对这份事业的责任心。I10. A.fondB. ashamedC- ti