高中英语--概要写作.docx

第一部分千里之行-题型解读第一节题型概述概要写作是新高考中出现的又一个新题型，大部分考生都没有接触过这类题 型。它和读后续写两种题型会在不同考次不定期交替使用。比如，浙江省自2017 年使用新高考试题以来,分别于2018年11月和2019年6月两次使用概要写作， 试题如下：（2018年11月 浙江）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。It's a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus （校园）like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.There's no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won't be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!If campus visits aren't going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you'd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don't like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn't know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. Tfs a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors （ 顾问 ）,and it won't cost you a penny! You can register fbr its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair can't take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or或关键词和支撑性信息、提炼要点）大胆尝试“提炼要点”吧!文章主题：文章结构：Para. 1 ：主题句或关键词：支撑性信息：要点1: Para. 2：主题句或关键词：支撑性信息：要点2 ： Para. 3：主题句或关键词：支撑性信息：要点3： Para. 4：主题句或关键词:连点成篇: 【参考答案】Hugging, which is a positive form of communication, makes the children's world different in many aspects.（要点 1） It can help children overcome fears, build confidence, relieve stress and improve children's language skills and IQ positively.（要点 2） A positive hug can be beneficial to both the giver and the receiver. （要点 3）So remember to always give your children a hug with faithful emotion.（要点 Passagell阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。An old saying goes that a near neighbor is better than a distant cousin. This saying has fully proved that neighbours are so significant in our life.In the past, neighbours helped one another build houses and clear fields. They could offer timely help when someone was in trouble. Families depended on one another for friendship and entertainment. They shared happiness and sorrow from time to time, which brought a harmonious atmosphere.However, nowadays, lack of communication and interaction between neighbours is a norm. Close relationship between neighbours is not common in our cities. A family may not even know the other families that live next door to them. We live in an age of machines and the Internet, and each family has its own car, TV set, and washing machine. People no longer depend on neighbours as much as they once did. Machines and the Internet keep people apart. In our grandparents1 time, women met while they hung out the washing, and men stopped and talked while they mowed their lawns. Today, they can't hear anything above the noise of their power lawn mowers. And women stay inside with their electrical dryers. Children are inside watching their favourite TV shows or playing computer games.Is the idea of being a good neighbour old-fashioned? In 1965, a power cut hit New York City, and many thousands of people were left helpless. Suddenly everyone shared the same problem, and the largest city became a group of eight million neighbours. People with cars offered rides to those walking. Other people helped direct traffic. Trapped in elevators, people played word games and helped keep each other in good spirits. In times of trouble, people still depend on one another. As time goes on, people may once again feel that being a good neighbour is important.提炼要点：重构要点：连点成篇：【参考答案】Neighbours play an important role in our life.（要点 1） In the past, neighbours helped one another and lived a harmonious life.（要点 2） However, owing to devices and the Internet, neighbours drift apart, resulting in little contact between each other now.（要点 3） Fortunately, a power failure enabled residents in New York City to become neighbours, and they assisted and encouraged one another, which illustrates the significance and popularity of being a good neighbour.（要点 4）Passagel2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。If you're worried that too much "screen time“ could badly influence your child's intelligence, new research suggests you might be right. By analyzing the data gathered from over 4,500 U.S. kids ag aged 8 to 11 between 2016 and 2017, Jeremy Walsh a postdoctoral fellow with the CHEO Research Institute in Ottawa, found that too much “screen time“ could be harming your child's intelligence. Kids with the sharpest intellects spent less than two hours a day on cellphones, tablets and computers, coupled with 9 to 11 hours of sleep and at least an hour of physical activity.Too much screen time could be affecting kids' ability to focus, especially if they are switching between apps on a device or between different screens at the same time, Walsh suggested. "One leading hypothesis（假设）is that much time on screens is spent multitasking, using multiple apps or devices at once J he said. “This can interfere with a child's ability to focus and keep interest on a task. It can be damaging the building blocks for good cognition（认矢口）Sleep is important for brain development, since that*s when the brain reorganizes itself and grows, Walsh added. Besides, exercise has been shown to increase blood flow to the brain and oxygenation of brain tissues, and increases the connectivity of networks in the brain. Too much screen time could lead to a “cascade“ effect where kids don't get enough sleep and then are less active during the day. "You can see how this would have an impact on brain health J Walsh said.What should parents do? Walsh advised setting firm rules regarding the use of screens, including how long children are using the screens, the kinds of apps they are using and how many screens they are using at once. Concerned parents also should preview games or apps before letting their children play, seek out more interactive options that engage the children's minds, and use parental controls to block or filter content and limit screen time.提炼要点：重构要点：连点成篇：【参考答案】 New research has found that excessive “screen time“ may negatively affect children's intelligence.（要点 1） It prevents children from focusing and staying interested, thus restricting their cognitive development.（要点 2） Also, it results in inadequate sleep and lack of physical activity, which do harm to the brain health.（要 点 3） Accordingly, parents are advised to establish strict regulations concerning the use of screens, monitor the contents and limit the screen time.（要点 4）第二节提升篇Passagel阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Look inside any family home in the evening, and you might see a typical enough scene: Mom and Dad, each on their own laptop or tablet, streaming movies, catching up on work or maybe answering e-mails on their smartphones. Meanwhile, one child is chatting online with one school friend while texting another. The other is playing a video game with a friend on the other side of the city at the same time. Each member of the family is totally absorbed in his or her own technology product.According to some experts, the effect of technology on human relationships is worrying as technology becomes a substitute for face-to-face human relationships. It appears to be the case that many people would rather spend time with their electronic gadgets（电子产品）than stay with one another. Young people say it is difficult to get their parents' attention and they have to compete with smartphones, tablets and other technology products.However, a report from the Pew Research Center's Internet and American Life Project offers a more helpful and encouraging view, suggesting that far from replacing human contact, technology can actually better family relationships. Just over half of the 2,253 people surveyed agreed that technology had enabled them to increase their contact with distant family members and 47 percent said it had improved the communication with the people they lived with. Moreover, even the closest members of families need time away from each other at some point to seek their own interests. Family members who might have stayed in separate rooms can now be in the same one while still occupying a different mental space.Look back at our typical family scene above. Is it any different from that of four people reading their own books? Or is it driving families apart? Where technology will lead us remains to be seen. Yet there is no need to worry. As a matter of fact, how it affects our family relationships depends on our attitude toward technology.提炼要点：重构要点：连点成篇：【参考范文 Nowadays family members are often found lost in their own electronic products.（要点 1） Some experts fear that technology can affect family relationships for lack of face-to-face communication.（要点 2） However, a report has found technology benefits family bonds in that it makes family members stay closer and allows them to have private mental space as well.（要点 3） Actually, not technology itself but people's attitude toward it influences family relations.（要,点 4）Passage!阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Not all education can and should happen within the classroom. Sometimes, traveling is the best form of education, as students can get a number of personal and educational benefits from travel. From learning about other cultures first-hand to seeing where historical events took place with their own eyes, educational travel gives students the opportunity to deepen their understanding of art, science, history, and culture in many ways.Education becomes a whole new experience when students can see lots of tools and equipment by traveling to different places. The tools and equipment could be used by scientists decades or even centuries ago to make discoveries that make our modern word possible. Educational travel brings the materials off the pages and into reality, allowing students to connect themselves with materials in a more meaningful way.No matter where students go, it's almost guaranteed that they'll find some kinds of food that are unique to that place or done better than anywhere else. If someone gets Chicago-style pizza in Chicago, they're going to have a better tasting experience than that they would have of getting the same type of the thing in, say, Texas. At the same time, getting chili in Texas would be a wholly different experience from getting chili in New York or Chicago. Students can learn a lot about a culture by what they eat on a daily basis and what they consider a special meal, so it's good to have a taste of the local food and learn through all of the senses.Being away from family, home, and familiar grounds itself is a courageous and independent adventure. Educational travel provides that opportunity, allowing students to open their mind to regarding how they choose to live their life, what can be extraordinarily helpful in preparing themselves for colleges and adulthood. Traveling一 with the combined social skills and perspectives it teaches-really allows students to better understand how they can live their life better.提炼要点：重构要点：连点成篇：【参考答案】Educational travel can provide students with a number of benefits.（要 点 1） First, educational travel makes students have access to the materials on the book in real life, which helps students deepen their understanding.（要点 2） Second, students can taste various foods on their educational travels, thus helping them know about different cultures better.（要,点 3） Third, educational travel encourages students to be more independent and braver, which does good to their future.（要点 4）Passage3阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。White cloth masks are seen everywhere in many Asian cities where city commuters（通勤者）must daily battle serious pollution, but new research suggests the masks offer limited protection from harmful particulates（有害微粒）. Scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst tested the level of protection provided by several types of the most commonly used washable cloth masks. The results were less than satisfactory."Wearing cloth masks reduced the exposure to some extent J researchers reported in their paper, newly published in Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, "but the most commonly used cloth mask products perform poorly when compared to alternative options on the market.”Lead study author Richard Peltier says the masks may offer people a false sense of security, giving them “confidence" to visit highly polluted places. "What becomes clear to us is that millions of people probably wear these masks and feel safer, but we worry that this is potentially making things worse if they sand next to a diesel（柴油） truck but think they are protected by the mask, for example/* Peltier said in a newsrelease.Peltier first became interested in the effectiveness of cloth masks after seeing the extent of their use in Katmandu, which has high pollution levels. A bad pollution day in Katmandu can feature levels as high as 800 to 900 micrograms of particulates per cubic meter. "We found ourselves wondering how effective these masks are J Peltier said. "I was shocked that we couldn't find any research studies investigating them.” While the least expensive cloth masks were able to keep out over 65 percent of larger particles, they failed to effectively guard against particulates smaller than 2.5 micrometers. Smaller particulates are considered more harmful than large particulates. The study's results show the most inexpensive and most popular masks used in Nepal, China, India and much of Southeast Asia are also the least effective.提炼要点：重构要点：连点成篇：支撑性信息：要点4： 结构解读：本文是一篇议论文，第一段开头即提出了论点“Ifs a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply?5,后文接着论述了在申请大学之前去考察学校的必要性 you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.既然有必要，所以第二、 三、四段规劝学生们无论有没有时间、财力允不允许都应该想方设法去考察学校, 更何况你想申请的大学就在你们本地呢。所以从结构来说，本文是可分为两部分: 第一段为第一部分，是总述；第二、三、四段是短文的第二部分。总述Para.l: It's a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply报:to visit schoolsPara.2: visit th