初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习.ppt

关于初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习现在学习的是第1页，共12页一、一、现在完成时现在完成时由由“have/has+过去过去分词分词”构成，主要有两个含义：构成，主要有两个含义：v表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有状语有many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，so far, by now等。等。vI have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了）（现在我对它不感兴趣了）vHave you found your lost pen yet?vNo, I havent found it yet.（我很着急）（我很着急）v表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于还将持续下去。用于延续性动词延续性动词，常常与，常常与so far、for或者或者since短语连用。短语连用。since + 时间点时间点 /从句，从句，for + 时间段，如时间段，如for two months等。等。现在学习的是第2页，共12页v二二 、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别v1）现在完成时和）现在完成时和一般过去时一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；v2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，last week等的状语连用，并且用等的状语连用，并且用when或或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。般过去时。现在学习的是第3页，共12页v三、在三、在“it is first/second.time that.。”或在或在“it/this/that is the +最高级最高级+名词名词+that.。”结构中，结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be .+since从句从句”这一结构中，这一结构中，be可用可用一般现在时一般现在时或现在完成时，或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。从句一般用过去时。v现在完成时可以和带有现在完成时可以和带有 since 或或 for 等表示等表示“一段一段时间时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：始，一直持续到现在。如：vI havent seen him for two years.v但是，像但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）（在）”等延续性动词来表述。等延续性动词来表述。现在学习的是第4页，共12页归纳总结归纳总结:由非延续性动词到延续性动词由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换的转换varrivebe here die be dead begin (start) be on vcome back be back fall ill (sick, asleep )be ill (sick, asleep) leave be away get up be up finish be over vopen be open close be closed borrow keep v be on be in 或或 be a member of go to schoolbe a student buy have catch(a cold) have (a cold) vbegin to studystudy get to know know v come to work work 等等v如：如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。他参军三年了。vHis father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。他父亲去世二年了。vThe film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。电影已开始十分钟了。vWe have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。我们（开始）学英语已三年了。现在学习的是第5页，共12页注意事项注意事项（1）have been(to)与与 have gone( to)的区别：的区别：have been(to)表示表示“去去过某地（现在已经回来了）过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于，可用于 各人称；各人称；have gone(to)表示表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与，常用于第三人称，前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。等连用，后者则不能。vHe has been to Beijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）他去过北京（已经回来了）vHe has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。他去北京了。 （还没有回来）（还没有回来）vhave/has been in 待在某地待在某地v如：如：They have been in Beijing.他们呆在北京。他们呆在北京。v（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连 用。用。 如：如：vI havent left here since 1997.自从自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。过这儿。现在学习的是第6页，共12页现在完成时态练习题现在完成时态练习题v现在完成时态练习题现在完成时态练习题v一一 选择填空。选择填空。v( ) 2. Her father _in1990 and her husband _for more than five years.v(A) died ,dead (B) has died, deadv(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has diedv( ) 3. I have _this nice watch for two years. v(A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lendv( ) 4.He _his home for ten years.v(A)has left (B)left fromv(C)has been away from (D)was away fromv( ) 5.He _a league member for three yearsv(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D) have becomev( ) 6.Lihuas brother has _for two yearsv(A)joined the army (C)become a soldierv(B)been an army (D)been in the armyv( ) 7.He hasnt _Quanzhou ever since he left schoolv(A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away现在学习的是第7页，共12页v( )8.Have you_ learned English?vYes, Ive _learned a lot.v(A)never, ever (B)ever, never v(C)ever, already (D)already. everv( ) 9.Have you finished your homework _?vYes, Ive _done that.v(A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, justv( )10.Johns father _borrowed some picturesv(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already现在学习的是第8页，共12页v二二 选择填空选择填空v( ) 1. Have you finished your homework Yes, I it last nightv(A) finish (B) finished (C) have finished (D) will finishv( ) 2. _you ever _to Nanjing Yes, I _there last year. (A) Havegone, have gone (B) Didgo, went (C) Havebeen , went (D) Didgo, has , been )v( ) 3.When _you _Lucy in New York?vI _her for two yearsv(A) didmeet, havent seen (B) didmeet, dont see v(C) havemet, havent seenv( ) 4.He _finished his homework yet .v( A) didnt (B) havent (C) hasnt (D) doesnt have v( )5.Have you _traveled to Quanzhou?vYes, I have.v(A) just (B) yet C) never (D) everv( )6.Have you finished your homework Not_v(A) ever (B) already . (C) yet (D) just .v( ) 7 We havent finished our homework，_.v(A) already ( (B) ever (C) yet (D) never现在学习的是第9页，共12页三三 用用 since 和和 for 填空填空 （一）（一）v1) _ two years _ two years ago 2) _ last month 3) _ yesterday 4) _ an hour ago 5) _ she left here 6) _ 4 oclock 8) _ 1999 v9) _ 4 hours 10) _ lunch time （二）（二）v1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.v2. Ive known him _ we were children.v3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.v4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.v5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.现在学习的是第10页，共12页四四 单项选择题单项选择题v( )1.My mother has worked in this factory _ 2 years.v（A）about ( (B)for (C)in (D)sincev（ )2. His father joined the party_v(A)since three years ago (B)in two years timev(C)for three years (D)three years agov3. The students have cleaned the classroom , _?vA. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent theyv4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we _ here for three years.vA. have been to B. have been invC. have been D. have gonev5.- How long _you_ your dictionary?v- About two months.vA. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought现在学习的是第11页，共12页感谢大家观看8/23/2022现在学习的是第12页，共12页