2022年外研版高中英语选修六-单元知识点归纳总结 .pdf

外研版高中英语选修六1-6 单元知识点归纳Module 1 . 2 重点单词 . 2 经典短语透视 . 3 热点语法聚焦（非重点） . 4 Module 2 . 5 重点单词 . 5 经典短语透视 . 7 热点语法聚焦（重点） . 8 Module 3 . 9 重点单词 . 9 经典短语透视 . 11 热点语法聚焦 (重点） . 12 Module 4 . 13 重点单词 . 13 经典短语透视 . 14 热点语法聚焦（非重点） . 15 Module 5 . 17 重点单词 . 17 经典短语透视 . 19 热点语法聚焦（非重点） . 20 Module 6 . 21 重点单词 . 21 经典短语透视 . 22 热点语法聚焦 (非重点） . 24 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - Module 1 重点单词【词条 1】lack 【点拨】 lack 动词, 意为缺乏,没有。如: He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence. What he lacks in experience he makes up for in enthusiasm. 【拓展】1. lack 的常用短语有 :be lacking欠缺,缺乏；be lacking in缺乏(某种品质、特点等)；lack (for) nothing应有尽有 。如: Money for the project is still lacking. I think the film is lacking in pace. They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing. 2. lack 还可作名词 ,常与 of 连用,意为缺乏,没有。 for lack of 因为缺乏 。 如: The work had to be stopped for lack of funds. The flowers withered for lack of water. 【词条 2】reply 【点拨】名词 ,意为回答,答复,常与介词 to 连用。如 : Is it a reply to the first or the second letter? To my anger, she made no reply to my question. 其常用在短语 in reply to 中,意为作为对 的回答,回复。如: What did he do in reply to your challenge? 【拓展】 reply 也可作动词 ,意为回答,答复,reply (to . / that .) 。如: The teacher gave me no chance to reply to her question. Lily replied that she knew nothing about it. 【词条 3】apology 【点拨】apology 名词,意为道歉,歉意,常用于短语 :offer / make an apology to sb.向某人道歉 , accept an apology 接受道歉 。如: It s impolite of you to leave without a word of apology.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - In my judgment, we should accept their apology. Youd better make an apology for your absence.【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为 道歉,表示歉意 ,常用短语为 : apologize to sb.(for sth.)(因某事 )向某人道歉 。如: I must apologize for not being able to meet you that day. I think Tom might have apologized to Jane for what he did. 经典短语透视【短语 1】think of 【点拨】 think of 可意为 想起,想出。如: The photo made me think of my child-hood. It was Tom who thought of the good plan. 【拓展】 think 的其他常用短语 : 1. think highly / much of 重视,高度赞扬。如 : All the teachers think highly of John because he is very smart and kind. 2. think about 考虑。如 : I was thinking about something else and missed your words. 3. think over 仔细考虑。如 : Please think the plan over and let me know your decision tomorrow. 【短语 2】in addition 【点拨】 in addition 意为另外,此外。如: I write my own songs and I play the guitar in addition. You need money and time. In addition, you need diligence. 【拓展】in addition to 除之外(还有),to 为介词 ,后接名词或动词 -ing 形式。如: His brother can speak three foreign languages in addition to English. besides也意为 除之外(还有)。如: The play was badly acted, besides being far too long. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 【短语 3】leave out 【点拨】 leave out意为省去,删去。如: In Western countries, people usually leave out No. 13 as the number is thought unlucky. You can leave out the unnecessary words when writing down the notes. 【拓展】1. leave out还可意为 漏掉,遗漏。如: Decide with you partner which words have been left out. 2. 与 leave相关的常用短语 :leave behind遗留,留下It left behind a long train of problems and difficulties. leave over剩余,暂不解决We shall have to leave the question over till the next meeting. leave alone别管,不理会If I were you, Id leave this question alone.【短语 4】show off 【点拨】 show off 意为炫耀。如: Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls. His brother likes to show off his knowledge in public. 【拓展】与 show 相关的常用短语 : show sb. around领某人参观The headmaster showed us around the school. show up出席,到场The party is about to begin, but Mr. Wang hasnt shown up.热点语法聚焦（非重点）didn t need to do和 neednt have done的区别 (非重点）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - didn t need to do和 neednt have done都有过去不必做某事 的意思 ,但是didn t need to表示过去没有必要做某事 ,事实上也没做 ；neednt have done表示过去本来不必做某事 ,实际上却做了 。如: I didnt need to take a taxi from the air-port there was a bus all the way into the city. I needn t have booked in advance; there were plenty of tickets left. 此外,要注意 need的其它用法 : need可作实义动词 ,也可作情态动词。1. 作实义动词时 , need有人称和数的变化 ,后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式和动名词等 ,否定式要在前面加 dont (doesn t, didnt),疑问句用 do (does, did) 提问。如 : The company needs some good salesmen. His broken car needs to be repaired. = His broken car needs repairing. 2. 作情态动词时 ,need没有人称和数的变化 ,后接动词原形 ,否定式为neednt,常用在否定句和疑问句中。如: You needn t worry about him. He is very mature now.Need I stay another day? Yes, you must. Module 2 重点单词【词条 1】behave 【点拨】 behave 用作不及物动词 ,意为(举止或行为 )表现。如: She has been behaving very politely. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 另外,behave还可意为 举止得体；守规矩 ,常和反身代词连用。如 : Cant you make your little child behave himself?【拓展】 well- / ill- / badly-behaved adj.表现得好的 /不好的； behavior n.行为,举止如: He is thought to be a well-behaved child. She was ashamed of her childrens bad behavior.【词条 2】appeal 【点拨】 appeal可用作名词 ,意为吸引力 ,感染力。如: Films of this sort have lost their appeal for me. 【拓展】1. appeal用作名词时 ,还可意为 呼吁,请求。如: His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered. An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the earthquake. 2. appeal还可用作动词 , 意为引起兴趣；呼吁 ,请求,常跟介词 to 连用。如 : Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you? The police are appealing to the public for any information about this. 【词条 3】awake 【点拨】 awake 可用作形容词 ,意为醒着的 。如: I have lain awake all night thinking over the problem. 注意:awake是表语形容词 ,不能用于名词前作定语。类似的形容词还有asleep, alive, aware等。【拓展】 awake (awoke, awoken) 可作不及物动词 ,意为醒来,这时与 wake up意义相近； awake也可作及物动词 ,意为唤醒,叫醒；唤起 (记忆)；激起 (情感)。如: I awake to the ringing of an electric bell every day. The thunder awoke me last night. His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty. Nothing can awake her interest in foot-ball. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 经典短语透视【短语 1】ahead of 【点拨】 ahead of意为在之前。如: The time here is nine hours ahead of London. Ahead of us was a narrow and muddy road. 【拓展】 ahead of还可意为 胜过,优于； (数量、价格等 )超过。如: In management, our company is well ahead of theirs. Their pay offer was well ahead of inflation. 【短语 2】holdout 【点拨】 hold out 可意为 伸出,拿出。如: When I arrived, Mary held out her hand in welcome. 【拓展】 hold out 还可意为 维持；坚持 (抵抗)。如: We were short of water but it could hold out for another day. They held out against the enemy for two days and nights. The town was surrounded, but the citizens held out until help at last came. 【短语 3】put down 【点拨】 put down 可意为 放下。如: Put down that knife before you hurt somebody! 【拓展】1. put down 还可意为 写下,记下；镇压；消灭 。如: Put down your notes at the bottom of the paper. The uprising was put down three days later. cant put sth. down 爱不释手；不忍释卷。如 : It is an interesting story and he cant put it down until he has finished reading it.2. 与 put 相关的常用短语 :put out 出版；生产； 使熄灭 ,扑灭；put up树立；put off推迟； put aside 把搁在一边； put forward 提出；put up with 容忍。如 : Be sure to put out the light before you go to bed. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - The building will be put up in the centre of the campus. Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.He put aside his work to spend more time with his family. He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. I could hardly put up with the child any longer. 热点语法聚焦（重点）动词的 -ing形式作状语（高考重点）可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随或对谓语加以补充说明等。如 : While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. ( 时间) It rained for two weeks, completely ruining the crops. ( 结果) Turning to the right at the crossing, you will see the post office right before you. (条件) Being busy and exhausted, he gave us a lot of help. (让步) We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks. ( 方式) Not knowing how to deal with the problem, the boy turned to his teacher.( 原因）Laughing and talking loudly, we left the party. (伴随) 【难点点拨】1. 现在分词作状语时 ,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,它所表示的动作应该是句中主语所发出的动作,即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系。如: Seeing from the top of the hill, we can get a full view of the country. (we 与 see之间是主动关系 ) 2. 现在分词作状语时 ,其前可加 while, when, after, before, though, unless 等连词 ,on, upon等介词或 thus, completely等副词。 如: While doing the experiment, we discovered the new chemical. Take the medicine three times a day after having each meal. On hearing the news, she rushed out the room. My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 3. 有时用 (with / without)+ 宾语+ 现在分词 结构作状语。如 : I couldnt focus my attention with that noise going on. 高考真题加改编题目练习：1(2015 课标全国， 64)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without_(use)electric equipment. 2(2015 安徽， 27 改编)_(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. 3 (2015 北京， 21 改编)_(catch) the early flight， we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 4 (2015 北京，23 改编)The park was full of people， _(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. 5(2015 天津， 8 改编)_(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 6 (2015 陕西，17 改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress ， Anne Benedict went on _(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 7(2015 浙江， 18 改编)Listening to music at home is one thing ，going to hear it _(perform) live is quite another. 8(2015 湖南， 30 改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground ，_(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 9(2015 福建， 28 改编)_(learn) more about Chinese culture ，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 10 (2015 江苏， 24 改编 )Much time_(spend) sitting at a desk ， office workers are generally troubled by health problems. Module 3 重点单词【词条 1】raise 【点拨】 vt. 可意为招募,筹措(金钱)。如: It voted to raise 100,000 troops immediately. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - He asked me to write a leaflet to raise money for Hope Schools. 【拓展】 raise还可意为 举起；增加 ,提高；提出；抚养 ,饲养；引起 。如: The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. The boss has promised to raise their pay. He was so angry as to raise his voice. The question was raised at the meeting. I was raised by my aunt on a farm. The discussion raised our interest. 【辨析】 raise rise 两者都可以表示 上升；增长 之意,不同的是 raise是及物动词,rise是不及物动词。如 : On Monday morning, we were watching the children raising the national flag and we saw it rising slowly in the wind. 【词条 2】regret 【点拨】 regret可用作动词 ,意为懊悔,惋惜；遗憾 ,后接名词、代词、 that 从句、不定式、动名词等。如 : I regret my refusal to his invitation. I regret that I cant attend the party.We regret to inform you that you failed again. We have deeply regretted selling the farm. 注意:其后接动词 -ing 形式和动词不定式时意思有区别。试体会: I regret to tell you that I have no news for you. ( 遗憾要做某事 ) I regret telling Tom the truth. (后悔做了某事 ) 【拓展】 regret也可作名词 ,意为遗憾,后悔；歉意 。如: We decided with great regret that we couldnt offer you the position.feel no regret at对不感到遗憾much to one s regret使某人非常遗憾的是express one s regret at对表示遗憾【词条 3】forgive 【点拨】vt.vi.意为原谅,宽恕,常用于结构 forgive sb. for sth. / doing sth.,也可以名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 接双宾语。如 : I will never forgive you for what youve ever done to me.Eventually, she forgave him the bad behavior. 【拓展】 forgivene ss n.原谅,宽恕,饶恕 forgiving adj. 宽大的 ,仁慈的经典短语透视【短语 1】keep in touch (with) 【点拨】 keep in touch (with sb.)意为(与某人)保持联系 ,也可写作 stay / be in touch (with sb.)。如: This is my card. Lets keep in touch. I ve kept in touch with most of my classmates in the middle school.【拓展】与 touch相关的常见搭配还有 :get in touch with与取得联系 ；lose touch with / be out of touch with与失去/ 没有联系 。如: We have lost touch with John since we moved to Japan. Write to me as often as you can. I dont want to lose touch with you. 【短语 2】knock over 【点拨】 knock over意为撞倒,击倒。如: A drunken driver knocked over nine people, causing five deaths. 【拓展】与 knock 相关的短语还有 :knock down打倒,推倒；knock off 停止,中断；knock out击败,击倒。如: He knocked Tom down with one blow of his fist. We knocked off work for tea. Our team was knocked out in the first part of the competition. 【短语 3】make up 【点拨】 make up可意为 和好。如: I found it hard to make up with Joan after we quarreled about the beautiful stamp. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 【拓展】 make up还有以下常用意思 : You shouldn t believe him. He is making the whole thing up. (编造) Whoever attends the ball is supposed to make up. (化妆) You must make up the work you missed. ( 补上) 热点语法聚焦 (重点）1. 非谓语动词的完成式having done的用法非谓语动词的完成式having done表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。其否定式为not having done。如: Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing 分词动作的承受者。根据 -ing 分词动作发生的时间 ,-ing 分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done) 。如: He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. The question being discussed is very important. 2. 非谓语动词的 -ing形式和 to do形式的区别（重点 主要是一些固定搭配，初中已经讲过，需要熟悉再次识记）有些动词既能接不定式 ,又能接 -ing 形式 ,含义有所不同。如 : (1) forget, remember, regret 等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接 -ing 形式作宾语表示动名词动作先于谓语动作。如: Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗？Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门。(2) 动词 mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接动名词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如 : I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。(3) 动词 allow, advise, forbid, permit 等可直接跟-ing 形式作宾语 ,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补足语。如: Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。We dont permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。(4) 动词 need, require, want作需要解时 ,后面接 -ing 分词或不定式被动式。如: These little children require looking after carefully / to be looked after carefully. 这些小孩需要细心地照料。(5) 动词 like, hate, prefer等后面 ,如表示一般性动作 ,多用-ing 形式；如指特定的具体的某次动作 ,多用不定式。如 : I like swimming, but I dont like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳 ,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。Module 4 重点单词【词条 1】combine 【点拨】 combine vi. / vt. 联合,结合,合并。常用作结构 combine . with .把与结合。如: The two countries combined against their common enemy. He combined his scientific knowledge with his friends business skill and started a company. His efforts, combined with his determination, helped him achieve great success. 【拓展】 combination n. 联合,合作, 结合 combined adj. 组合的 ,结合的【词条 2】relax 【点拨】 relax vi. / vt. 放松,使轻松。如 : The doctor told him to relax a week or so before going back to work. This equipment will help relax your muscles. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 【拓展】 relax还可意为 放宽；使松弛 。如: They relaxed the regulations after the reform. relaxed adj. 放松的 ,镇定的 relaxing adj. 令人放松的She had a very relaxed manner. It s really a relaxing walk.【词条 3】present 【点拨】 present可用作动词 ,意为赠送；颁发 (奖品等 )；提出 。如: When Mr. Smith left our company; our manager presented him with a gold