2021八年级下册英语重点知识点总结.docx

2021八年级下册英语重点知识点总结2021八年级下册英语学问点总结1 一、语法 1. Why don’t you do . ? 提建 2. Why not do . ? Thanks! 议的 3. You should (shouldn’t) do . . 回答 Good! 表达 4. It’s a good idea to do . . Excellent! 方式 5. Try (not) to do . . 6. How about/ What about doing . ? 二、重点句子 1. You should speak English in class. 2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks. 3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes? 4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English? 5. Try not to translate every word. 6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other. 7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day. 2021八年级下册英语学问点总结2 现在完成时： 1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成了肯定的影响和后果; 2. 结构：由助动词have/has +动词的过去分词构成; 确定句 现在完成时的确定句式是have(has)+过去分词。 留意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 疑问句 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 回答：Yes, have(has). No, haven’t(hasn’t). 否定句： 现在完成时的否定句式是havent(hasnt)+过去分词。 3. 现在完成时的时间状语:already, just, yet, since, ever, never; 4. 与一般过去时的区分：一般过去时是强调动作在过去发生，而现在完成时是强调过去发生的动作对 现在造成了影响和后果。 5.一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, just now, ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 11010等。 例： We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week. I have sent (send) the letter. He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now. David finished (finish) his homework just now. The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them. A: I have lost (lose) my purse! B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it? A: I lost (lose) it last night. 与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already, just, ever, yet, never 确定句: already, just 疑问句和否定句: ever, yet, never yet 常置于句末 already, never, ever just一般置于助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前. 例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子 1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai. 2) Most of us have already finished our compositions. 3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet . 4) He has already visited Beijing twice. 5) I have just heard the news. I know it. 7. 现在完成时中的for和since (1)for + 一段时间(用How long提问) We have known each other for ten years. 我们相识10年了。 (2)since + 句子/详细时间 since 引导的短语或从句用How long提问 since+过去一个时间点(详细的年、月、日、钟点等)。 Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday. since + 一段时间+ago We have been friends since five months ago. 从5个月前起，我们就成了挚友。 since+从句，表示自过去某个时间、某件事情以来，从句时态：一般过去时。 I have lived here since I left Shanghai. It is+一段时间+since从句，表示自从某件事发生已有一段时间了。 It is two years since I left school. 8. 在含for或since引导的时间状语的现在完成时中，谓语动词只能用持续性动词。非持续性动词不能干脆和for或since 连用。 leave - be away die - be dead begin/start - be on finish - be over come here - be here go there - be there come back - be back fall asleep - be asleep get to/ arrive/reach - be (in) leave - be away from go (get) out - be out open sth - keep sth open join - be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构 fall ill - be ill get up - be up catch a cold - have a cold borrow - keep buy - have get to know - know put on-wear 例： 1. The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years. 2. It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died. 3. He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years. 4. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days. 2021八年级下册英语学问点总结3 反意疑问句：用于对某一事物或观点没有准确的把握，或者用于加强自己的观点。 陈述句+简短的一般疑问句 助动词/be动词/情态动词+代词 确定或否定 与陈述句的主语一样 确定 否定 否定 确定 留意： 1. 反问部分的be动词，助动词或情态动词要与陈述句部分一样。 2. 陈述句与反问句在时态和人称上要一样。 3. 陈述句部分假如为否定句或含有否定意义的词(如：nothing，never, little, few等)，反问句要用确定式;陈述句部分假如式确定句，反问部分要用否定式。 例： He was not at home at that time, was he? May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she? We know nothing about him, do we? You haven’t heard of him, have you? 4. 当句子为祈使句时，反问句一般用will you，表示恳求或建议对方作某事，询问对方是否情愿。 注：当祈使句为Let’s .结构时，用shall we 反问。 Drive more slowly, will you? Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we? 5. 回答：看陈述句的确定部分，当事实为确定时，用Yes;事实为否定时，用No。 当陈述句为否定句时，把否定部分忽视，只看确定部分的意思。 Module 6 过去进行时 1. 基本概念 表示在过去某一详细时间内的某一持续性行为，即过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。 常和表示过去时间的词组或从句连用。 2. 基本结构：be动词的过去式was/were+现在分词 即：was/were+doing was用于第一人称及第三人称单数，were用于其次人称及复数。 3. 基本句型 确定式：was/were + doing I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock. 2点到4点我/她/他始终都在农场里干活。 否定式：was/were + not+ doing I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock. 2点到4点我/她/他并不在农场里干活。 疑问式：把was/were放于句首。 Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock? 2点到4点你/你们/他们始终都在农场里干活吗? Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were. 是的，我/我们/他们在干活。 No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t. 不是，我/我们/他们并没有在干活。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 4. 基本用法 (1)表示过去某时间正在进行的动作或持续的行为，常和表过去的时间状语连用。 I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 (2)可用来为另一个动作的发生供应背景。表示背景的句子通常用过去进行时，而另一个句子则用一般过去时。 He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike. 他在骑车时把腿摔坏了。 5. 现在进行时和过去进行时的区分 表示说话时正在进行的动作用现在进行时。 I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing) Look! They are waiting for you. We are working ( work ) on a farm now. Listen! Someone is knocking (knock) at the door. Lucy isn’t reading ( not read) at the moment. Where are they? They are running (run) outside. 表示过去某时正在进行的动作要用过去进行时。 My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening. I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me. 6. 一般过去时和过去进行时的区分 相同点：两者都表示过去发生的动作。 不同点： 过去时表示过去一个完成的动作。 过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，可能没有完成。 e.g. He read a book last night. 昨天晚上他读了一本书。(读完了) He was reading a story book last night. 昨天晚上他正在读故事书。(还没有读完) 9 / 9