可数与不可数名词单复数及练习题_解析(12页).doc
-可数与不可数名词单复数及练习题_解析-第 12 页(1).名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,不可数名词没有单复数,一律看作单数。例如:food, meat, bread, tea, water, milk, ink, orange, drink, rice, fish等。(2).可数名词的单数前什么时候用a,什么时候用an?答:以元音音标(或音素)开头的用an,以辅音音标(或音素)开头的用a。 注意:我们看的是音标(或音素),而不是元音字母。1>选择a或an或者不填(用/来表示) pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen hour house umbrella university Aei Uju: HeitF Ra: Bbi: Mem E chick water child children2>用a/an填空:Is it Chinese book or English book?This is ring, and it is orange ring.Mary is English teacher. Tom is Chinese teacher.This is bike. Its old bike.This is telephone number.That is ID card.I lost my keys. Its set of keys.Its apple, not pear.This is peach. Thats orange.You have banana, but I have egg.用a/an填空:Is there umbrella on the desk?There is island in the sea.There is picture on the card.I have old book. apple is a kind of fruit.There is armchaira:mtFeE(r) in the living room.Id like egg.Look, there is bird in the tree.Is there map on the wall?There is benchbentF in the park.(3). 可数名词的变化规则:一般规则:1>一般在词尾加s,如:books,bags,fruits。加s之后的读音规则:清清浊浊,即清辅音后读清辅音s,如books buks浊辅音后读浊辅音z,如bags bAgz元音音标后面读z,如boys bRizt后读ts,d后读dz 如:catskAts birdsbE:dz请写出下列名词复数加s后的读音:例:boats t birds dpens ducks dogs chicks bears rabbits cards flowers 2>以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es,读iz如:busbuses 5bQsizs公交车boxboxes 5bRksiz 盒子watchwatches 5wRtFiz手表brushbrushes 5brQFiz刷子写出下列名词的复数并写出所加s或es后的音标。glass match wish 3>以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es,读iz;以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接在词尾加s。如:baby babies 5beibiz 婴儿写出下列名词的复数:butterfly sky boy toy 4>以f、fe结尾的名词变f、fe为ves,读vz如:wolf wulf 狼wolves wulv写出下列名词的复数:wife(妻子) life(生命)knife(小刀)5>以o结尾的名词加es 的有:hero5hi 英雄Nigro 5nigrEu 黑人 tomato tEmeitEu西红柿potato pEteitEu土豆,其他的以o结尾的名词直接在词尾加s如:zoozoos photophotos(4)名词复数的不规则变化:manmen男人 womanwumEnwomen 5wimin 女人tooth tu:Wteeth ti:W 牙齿foot futfeet fi:t 脚,英尺goose gu:sgeese gi:z 鹅mouse maus mice mais 老鼠child tFaildchildren 5tFildrEn 孩子(5)单复同形的名词有:Chinese 5tFaini:z 中国人Japanese 7dVApE5ni:z日本人sheep Fi:p 绵羊deer diE 鹿 fish fiF 鱼注意:fish当一条鱼讲时,单复数同形,如three fish.当各种各样的鱼讲时,即强调鱼的种类时,要加es.如:all kindskaindz of fishes .各种各样的鱼当鱼肉讲时,不可数。(6)名词修饰名词时的复数情况:a man teacher 一个男老师two men teachers 两个男老师a woman teacher 一个女老师two women teachers 两个女老师只有当man和woman修饰名词时,前后两个名词都变复数。其他的名词修饰名词,只把最后的名词变为复数。如:a girl student 一个女学生two girl students 两个女学生翻译:两个男工人 两个女工人 两个小孩 3个中国人 3条鱼 4只绵羊 4只鹿 5只鹅 5英尺 6颗牙齿 6个女人 7只脚 7个男人 写出下列句子的复数句子: This is my friend. That is his brother. Is this your sister? Is that her cousin? Whats this? This is an apple tree. It is an old backpack. 写出下列单词的复数形式:bird( ) chick( )chick-( ) fish-( )church( ) pencil box( )toy-( ) donkey( ) monkey( ) baby-( ) candy-( ) family-( ) potato-( ) tomato( )选择填空: Its autumnC:tEm , are falling(降落)down from trees.A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leaves There are five under the tree.A. sheep B. sheepes C. ships D. sheeps What are these in English?-_are stamps.stAmpA. They B. It C. Those(7)不可数名词的用法:1>不可数名词前面不能用a,an来修饰,但可以与the连用,表示特指。2>不可数名词不能和具体的数词(one,two,three,等)连用。3>不可数名词不能用指示代词this,that,these,those来修饰,但可以用some,much来修饰。例如:some orange一些橘汁 much water许多水常用的不可数名词有三类,液体:water (水) coffee(咖啡) juice(果汁) 等,例如:a cup of water 一杯水 a bottle of juice 一瓶果汁 翻译:一杯咖啡: 一瓶牛奶: 一杯茶: 肉类meat mi:t肉类,beef bi:f牛肉,porkpC:k猪肉,muttonmQtn羊肉等。注意:肉类中chicken 为鸡肉时不可数,为小鸡时可数(keep chicken养鸡)。固定用法:bread 面包;rice 大米,米饭;grass草;glass,当”玻璃”讲不可数: hair 头发当满头白发中的几根黑发时,或满头黑发中的几根白发时可数。weather5weTE(r) 天气; fun 有趣的事或人;adviceEd5vaIz;建议; information InfE5meIFEn 信息,情报翻译:给我一些面包: 我喜欢吃米饭: 勿踏草坪(walk, on the grass): 我们度假时天气真好。(on holiday) 玩的高兴: 给Sam一些建议吧。 好的/坏的消息: 4>不可数名词“量”的表示方法: 在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量” 的概念,可以用以下两种方法: 用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少。例如:There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。Is there any water in the glass? 杯子里有水吗?There is too much snow and ice. 冬天有很多的雪和冰。Linda has a lot of books. 琳达有很多书。 翻译:瓶子里有一些豆奶。(soybean5sCi bi:n milk) 杯子里有茶吗? 桌子上有很多菠萝和葡萄。 Daisy有很多笔记本。(notebook) 用a piece(bottle, glass) of 这类定语表示。例如:a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of bread 一片面包a bottle of orange一瓶橘汁 a glass of milk 一杯牛奶翻译:一条新闻(news): 一个意见(adviceEd5vaIs): 一块蛋糕: 一瓶墨水(ink): 如果要表示“两杯茶”,“四张纸”这类概念时,在容器后加复数,例如: two cups of tea 两杯茶 four pieces of paper 四张纸 three glasses of water 三杯水 翻译:两瓶果汁: 三张纸: 四杯水: 5>练习题: would you like something to drink, Tara?-Yes, Id like some A. sandwiches B. hot dogs C. water D. bread The little baby has two already.A.tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teethsHelp yourself to .A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chickenD. any chickenThe teachers have two to live in.A.woman; room B. women; roomsC. woman; rooms D. women; roomThey are very thirsty. Will you please give them ?A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. any bottle of milk将下列词组译成英语: 两箱书 四篮子鸡蛋 三副眼镜 女医生们 一条裤子 两杯牛奶 十滴红墨水(drop, ink) 一组队员 一块蛋糕 两排大树