高中英语语法学习之名词高频考点知识梳理.docx

高中英语语法学习之名词高频考点知识梳理单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、Besides an organizer, who gets group members to agree to a common purpose and a convenient time and place, there often is a group member playing the role of a source-seeker, whose is to remind groupmembers to identify their sources.A . dutyB . implicationC . meansD . operation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了组织者让团队成员同意一个共同的目的和一个方便的时间和地点外，团队成员 通常扮演着寻找信息源的角色，其职责是提醒团队成员识别他们的信息源。A. duty职责；B. implication影响； C. means 方法；D. operation 操作。根据 “is to remind group members to identify their sources."可知,此处 指的是寻求资源者的职责，应选A。2、The red lanterns on the street added to the of Spring Festival.A . deliveryB . priorityC . encounterD . atmosphere答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。A. delivery递送；B. priority优先权；C.encounter偶遇；D. atmosphere气氛。根据uThe red lanterns on the street"可知，街上的红灯笼增加了春节 气氛。应选D项。3、To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A . satisfactionB . sorrowC . delightD . joycompany意为“陪伴某人"最合适。应选A。27、The on Sarah's face told me that she got annoyed.A . confidenceB . expressionC . appearanceD . impression答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情； C.appearance 夕卜貌；D.impression EJ象。根据 utold me that she got annoyedn 可知，此处是指脸上的表情。应选Bo28、 The organization has grown enormously since its in 1955.A . libertyB . divisionC . appointmentD . foundation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。A.liberty自由；B. division分开、分配； ,appointment 约定；D.foundation 建立。根据上文 “The organization has grown enormously（这个组织开展迅 速）”可知，该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。应选D。29、There come two buses. The former is very crowded, but there is much room in.A . lateB . laterC . latterD . the latter答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：来了两辆公共汽车。前面一辆非常拥挤，但后面一辆有很大的空间。A. late迟（的），作形 容词或副词；B. later后来（的），作形容词或副词；C. latter后者（的），作形容词或名词；D. the latter后者。 根据"There come two buses. The former is very crowded"可知，这里特指两辆公共汽车的后面一辆。应选D。1030、are kept on the firm for their meat or milk.A . 200 head cattleB . 200 head of cattleC . 200 head cattlesD . 200 heads of cattle答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：该公司饲养了 200头牛以获取肉或奶。表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head,单复数同形， cattle “牛”是集体名词，单复数同形，200 head of cattle表示“200头牛”。应选B。31、 Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration.A . collectionB . orientationC . inspirationD . resource答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B. orientation 方向;信仰;C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。根据"and ninety-nine percent perspiration.n 可知,天才 需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。32、The cloth has a of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful.A . paintingB . patternC . sampleD . model答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这块布有蓝白方格的图案，非常漂亮。A. painting绘画；B. pattern模式，图案；C. sample样品；D. model模范。根据后文uof blue and white squares"指布有蓝白方格的图案，应用pattern。应选Bo1133、 During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Paul' s Cathedral built many years ago.A . impressionB . panicC . resourceD . impact答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象；B. panic 恐慌；C. resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中 “the trip to London"和"St.Paul5 s CathedraP,可知，句中陈述的是“圣保罗大教堂”是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点， “impression”意为“印象”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。34、 To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel.A . consumptionB . collectionC . commitmentD . distribution答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption 消耗；B. collection 收藏品；C. commitment 承诺；D. distribution 分配。根据上文 “To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuel" 可知， 指科学家们正在研究减少燃 料消耗的节能措施，来对抗全球变暖，应用consumption。应选A。35、In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A . defendB . defendsC . defenceD . defending答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence of ”保护，为了保卫”，后常接名 词作宾语。应选C项。1236、 I want to know the sporting that catch the people' s attention in China.A . accidentsB . eventsC . incidentsD . occasion答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国引起人们关注的体育赛事。A.accident意外、意外事故；B.event大 事、公开活动、比赛工程；Coincident事故、事件；D.occasion场合。分析句子可知，本句所谈到的是体育赛 事、体育活动，应选B。37、We would like to see closer between parents and schools.A . evolutionB . cooperationC . expectationD . rejection答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望家长和学校之间的合作更加紧密。A. evolution进化；B. coorperation合作； C. expectation 期望；D. rejection 拒绝。根据 closer 和 between parents and schools 可知，此处表示希望家长 和学校紧密合作。应选B。38、 It's a pity that her suggestion met with.A . rejectionB . expectationC . distinctionD . cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：太遗憾了,她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待； C.distinction差异；D.cooperation合作。根据"It's a pity that ”可知建议遭到反对。应选A。39、 I want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.13A . some jewelB . a piece of jewelC . a jewelleryD . a piece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰，侧重指首饰，为不可数名词，表示“一件珠宝”应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。40、The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A . atmosphereB . adventureC . astronomyD . agriculture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C. astronomy天文学；D. agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示“（友 好的）气氛”是合理的。应选A项。41、Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this out of the long-existing discrimination.A . conceptB . assessmentC . identityD . personality答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵抗这个身份。A. concept 观念；B. assessment 评估,评价；C. identity 身份；D. personality 个性，品格。根据空前 “Male nurses are difficult to hire"及空后 "out of the long-existing discrimination"可知，很多男性抵抗男护士这个 身份。应选C项。42、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A . entranceB . decadeC . committeeD . feedback14答案：B 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年； C committee委员会；D. feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知,此处指“在未来十年”。故 选B项。43、After a careful survey, the hurricane of the house, which was not that severe, compared withneighboring ones, was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.A . effectsB . damageC . ruinsD . crash答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细的调查，飓风对这所房子的破坏，与邻近的房子相比并不严重，估计为 1000 美元。A. effects 影响；B. damage 损害、损坏；C. ruins 废墟；D. crash 撞车。根据"was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars"可知此处在评估飓风对这所房子的破坏程度，应选B。44、 It's not necessary to buy any special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A . entertainmentB . announcementC . equipmentD . disappointment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不需要购买任何特殊设备° 一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐； B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。由 “Just a pair of good running shoes will do"可知，句子说"不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了”，因此空格处是“设备”，即 equipment,应选 C。45、There is an obvious between the cultures of the West and East.15A . contentB . contrastC . contractD . contact答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。A.content内容；B. contrast差异，比照； C.contract合同；D.contact联系。根据“ the West and East. ”可知，东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。故 选B项。小提示：46、 There is a nice picture in the little bedroom. She likes it very much.A . girIB . girlsC . girl1 sD . girls,答案：C解析：考查名词所有格。句意：小女孩的卧室里有一张漂亮的照片。她非常喜欢它。根据句意和空格后“bedroom” 可知，空格处应用名词所有格，表示“小女孩的卧室”，根据句中“She”可知，句中指一个小女孩，故排除 B和D,单数名词的所有格直接在名词后加s”，故空格处应填“giiT s”，意为“女孩的”。应选C项。47、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the it can bring to the developmentof children' s brains.A . systemsB . prioritiesC . barriersD . benefits答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系，系 统；B. priorities 优先事项；C. barriers 障碍；D. benefits 好处。根据 "Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools”推知，音乐对儿童大脑的开展是有好处的。应选D。16小提示:48、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A . distributions . possessionC . professionD . platform答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发；B. possession 拥有,持有；C. profession 职业；D. platform 平台。结合空后的"throughout the country"可知, 此处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。49、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A . qualificationB . preferenceC . expectationD . blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo50、Some cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A . assumption; apply toB . thought; apply toC . assuming; apply forD . idea; apply for答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.17 assumption 认为；apply to 适用；B. thought 想法；apply to 适用；C. assuming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申 请；D. idea想法；apply for申请。根据句意,第一空应填名词assumption “认为”作宾语，that引导的同位 语从句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示“适用”为固定短语applyto。应选A。51、 Through that "window of the souln , the eye, I can only “see” through my fingertips the of a face.A . criticismB . outlineC . gentlenessD . pace答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过“灵魂之窗”的眼睛，我只能通过指尖“看到”一张脸的轮廓。A.criticism批 评；B. outline轮廓；C.gentleness温柔；D. pace节奏。分析句意可知,此空意为“轮廓” ,名词outline意为“轮廓”，see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。52、 There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some and then let me know.A . thoughtB . strengthsC . protectionD . authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。A,thought思考；Bo strengths 力量；C.protection 保护；D.authority 权威。根据"There is no need to tell me your answer now"可 知，现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。应选A项。53、We may meet in our senior high school life, but we will never give up.A . descriptionsB . momentsC . challengesD . exchanges答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。A. descriptions描述；B.18moments 片刻；C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中 uwe will never give up"可知，我们 应该是遇到“挑战”，但不放弃，“challenge”意为“挑战”，名词词性，“challenges”为其复数形式,在 句中作宾语。应选C项。54、Applying for jobs can be a long and painful.A . processB . benefitC . positionD . climate答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意:求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。A. process过程；B. benefit益处；C. position位 置；D. climate气候。根据"Applying for jobsn可知，求职是一个过程,应选A。55、They make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A . transports . vehicleC . transportationD . vehicles答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle 车辆，运载工具；C. transportation 运输工具。根据 uto carry brave people into space"可知,他们制 造运载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。56、 When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A . wrongB . troubleC . faultD . difficulty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A. wrong坏事；B. trouble麻烦；C. fault故障；D. difficulty困难。由语意可知，发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出故障了。固19解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是，超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B. sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐；D. joy 喜悦。根据空后"over 5 million of people died of Covid-19” 可知，因为 500万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。4、As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A . characterB . opinionC . statueD . figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格；B.opinion 意见；Cstatue雕塑；D.figure人物。根据常识可知，姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是“人物”。应选D。5、It is to come into your leaders1 office without their permission.A . a good mannerB . a bad mannerC . bad mannersD . good manners答案：C解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，“manner”意为“方式， 方法”，名词词性，作礼貌讲时,应用其复数形式“manners”， ult is bad manners to do sth.M意为“做某 事是不礼貌的”，故空格处应用“bad manners”。应选C项。6、Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A . perseveranceB . interactionC . appreciationD . amusement答案：A解析：定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。57、- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A . treatyB . privilegeC . inspirationD . exploration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约；B. privilege 特权,荣幸；C. inspiration 灵感；D. exploration 探测。have the privilege of doing sth ”很荣幸做某事”是固定短语。应选B项。58、 You can take as many as you like because they are free of.A . chargeB . fareC . moneyD . pay答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想拿多少就拿多少，因为他们是免费的。A. charge费用；B. fare车费；C. money钱；D. pay薪水,工资。根据上文"because they are free of"表示“免费”短语为free of charge,故 选AoEveryone must follow his advice and Mr. Wang, our headmaster, was no.A . exceptionB . expectationC . experienceD . expression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都必须听从他的建议，我们的王校长也不例外。A. exception例外；B.20expectation 期待；C. experience 经验；D. expression 表达。根据上文"Everyone must follow his advice"可知,王校长也不例外。应选A。60、You must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A explanationsB . introductionsC . constrictionsD . instructions解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B.introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩；D. instructions 说明。根据句中"take the right amount of medicine”可推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示“说明，说明书”，符合句意。应选D项。61、Sometimes a strong others' attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A . passion for, adjustment toB . devotion to; compassion inC . fascination with; approach toD . desire for; lack of解析: 考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passion for对的 强烈爱好，adjustment to对的调整；B.devotion to致力于,compassion in对的同情；C. fascination with对的迷恋，approach to做的方法；D.desire for对的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识， 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。62、Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.A . opponentB . asteroidC . nephewD . triathlete21答案:A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手；B. asteroid海星；C. nephew侄子；D. triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表 示“对手”符合语意。应选A项。63、Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the westregard the Chinese food as something special.A . attitudeB . meansC . pointD . sight答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但毫无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude态度；B. means方法；C point观点；D. sight视野，视力。短语attitude towards表示“对的态度”符合句意。应选A项。64、To his,it rained every day and ruined the trip.A . disappointmentB . delightC . amazementD . satisfaction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他失望的是，每天都在下雨，毁掉了这次旅行。A. disappointment失望；B.delight喜悦；C amazement惊讶；D. satisfaction满意。由句意推断,句中描述的事实是令人失望的，应使用 to one's disappointment表示“令人失望的是"。应选A。65、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.22A . representativesB . operatorsC . generationsD . candidates答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表； B. operators经营者；C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意，后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。66、一Sara, try to do everything to the best within your. OK, I will.A abilityB . habitC . powerD . attention答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯； C. power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的“能力”范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。“ability”意为“能力”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。67、Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A . infectionB . interruptionC . interventionD . intuition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种干预，阻断了这种疾病的传播。A.infection感染；B.interruption打断，暂 停；C.intervention 干预，介入；D.intuition 直觉。结合"the disease was stopped in its tracks"可知，此处指 通过干预，疾病被阻断传播，应选C项。68、My mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.23A . driverB . dancerC . teacherD . writer考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B. dancer舞蹈演员；C.teacher教师；D. writer作家。根据句中uShe teaches history very welln可知，我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此 她是一名教师。应选C项。69、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic acid tests