高中英语语法学习之名词名师选题.docx

高中英语语法学习之名词名师选题单项选择题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、 Don' t worry. Flu is a(n)disease in this season. Take this medicine, and your temperature will soon return to.A . normal; commonB . common; normalC . ordinary; generalD . general; ordinary答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：别担忧。流感是这个季节的常见病。吃了这药，你的体温很快就会恢复正 常。normal正常的/ common常见的；general 一般的；ordinary普通的。根据句意，第一空格意义为“常见 的”，用形容词形式修饰后面名词，作前置定语，common disease常见病；第二空格为“正常”，return to normal恢复正常，强调人体体温正常，此处normal作名词。应选B项。2、With only five minutes left from the end, the of the close match was still in doubt.A . cooperationB . opponentC . outcomeD . outline答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C. outcome结果；outline轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛快结束了，但是因为两 队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的“结果”。应选C。3、Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration.A collectionB . orientationC . inspirationD . resource答案：C解析: 考查句子结构。句意：现在我知道，正确的方式永远是她的方式。分析句子可知，关系词that弓I导的是宾语从 句，作谓语动词know的宾语，从句中the proper way为主语，is是系动词，her way作系动词is的表语，所 以划线处为从句的表语。应选C项。28、When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A . wrongB . troubleC . faultD . difficulty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A. wrong坏事； B. trouble麻烦；C. fault故障；D. difficulty困难。由语意可知，发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出故障了。固 定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。29、- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A . treatyB . privilegeC . inspirationD . exploration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约；B. privilege 特权，荣幸；C. inspiration 灵感；D. exploration 探测。have the privilege of doing sth ”很荣幸做某事”是固定短语。应选B项。30、While most of us are only too ready to others the cold wind of, we are somehow reluctantto give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A . respond to.conflicts . apply to .criticism10C . react to.threatD . reply to.superiority答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故却 不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾；B. apply to 把应用到,把施加到,criticism批评；C. react to对作出反映，threat威胁；D. reply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of 和第二句话中的 “give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise15 正好相反。和 praise 相反的是“批评(criticism)" o 所以应该选B。apply sth. to sb.意为“将应用到,将施加到”。该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to others(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。应选B。31、一Lily, why don't join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. It's a very kind, but I have to finish my task.A . decisionB . promiseC . choiceD . offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：-莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？-谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好的提议，但 我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定；B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文“Lily, why don't join us for camping?”，可知这时一个提议，应选 Do32、 The murder is still under.A . attempt, investigatingB . attempted, investigatingC . attempted, investigationD . attempting, investigation答案：C11解析: 考查形容词和名词。句意：这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词murder, attempt的形容词是attempted,意为“未遂的"，under后跟名词作宾语，investigate的名词是investigation, under investigation 意为“在调查中”，因此第一空是 attempted,第二空是 investigation,应选 C。33、Sometimes a strong others' attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A . passion for, adjustment toB . devotion to; compassion inC . fascination with; approach toD . desire for; lack of答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passion for对的 强烈爱好，adjustment to对的调整；B.devotion to致力于，compassion in对的同情；C. fascination with对的迷恋,approach to做的方法；D.desire for对的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识， 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。34、Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.A . opponentB . asteroidC . nephewD . triathlete答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手；B. asteroid海星；C. nephew侄子；D. triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表示“对手”符合语意。应选A项。1235、The winner will receive of books.A . a ten pound worthB . ten pound worthyC . ten pounds' worthD . ten pounds' worthy答案：C解析：考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常worth后面跟着。f,而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds,后接名词，而worthy是形容词，应选C。36、The coach has in his athletes.A . confidenceB . competenceC . convenienceD . expectation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心；B petence能力；C.convenience方便；D.expectation期望。由The coach和his athletes可知,句子表示“教练对他的运发动有 信心"，have confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为“对某人有信心”，应选A。37、People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isn't much to live on.A . welfareB . priceC . prizeD . salary答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A.welfare （政府给予的）福利；B. price价格；C. prize奖赏；D. salary工资。根据前文“who have no job”可 知，因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。38、一Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.13 OK, I will.A . abilityB . habitC . powerD . attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯； C. power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的“能力”范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。“ability”意为“能力”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。39、Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A . infectionB . interruptionC . interventionD . intuition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种干预,阻断了这种疾病的传播。Ainfection感染；B.interruption打断,暂 停；C.intervention 干预，介入；D.intuition 直觉。结合 “the disease was stopped in its tracks"可知，此处指 通过干预，疾病被阻断传播，应选C项。40、We made him our monitor.划线成分是A .宾语B .定语C .状语D .宾补答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们选他当班长。句子中，动词made为谓语，him为宾语，our monitor意为“我们的 班长”，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语。应选D。41、Nowadays, when you enter a shopping mall or bank, the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of.14A . contactB . routineC . virtueD . manners答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当你进入购物商场或者银行时，员工会在入口按照惯例给你量体温。A.contact联系；B. routine惯例，常规；C. virtue道德，美德；D. manners礼貌。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“按照惯例，作为例行公事”，表达为as a matter of routine。应选Bo小提示：42、Though David received the from the school basketball team, he didn' t give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A . interactionB . companionshipC . cooperationD . rejection答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练习。A. interaction 互动；B. companionship 友谊；C. cooperation 合作；D. rejection 拒绝。根据上下文的转折关系, 可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝(rejection)符合语境和句意，应选D。43、To solve the problem, the engineers tried out different, but none seemed to work well.A . approachesB . statementsC . ranksD . associations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A. approaches方法；B. statements陈述；声明；C. ranks等级；级别；D. associations协会；联盟。根据前文目 的状语“T。solve the problem(为了解决问题)”可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。1544、- Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our?-Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast.A . hotelB . schoolC . factoryD . company答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：-先生，您在我们酒店过得愉快吗？ -是的，我睡得很好，我喜欢早餐。A.hotel 宾馆；B.school 学校；C.factory 工厂；D pany 公司。根据 “I slept well and I like the breakfast."可知,住 的是宾馆。应选A项。45、 It took all day to transport the furniture to the new.A . debateB . survivalC . civilizationD . apartment答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：把家具运到新公寓花了一整天的时间。A. debate辩论；B. survival生存；C.civilization文明；D. apartment公寓。根据空前“the furniture ”可知，空处需用名词apartment,表示把家具 搬到公寓去。应选D。46、一Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A recipeB . recordC . rangeD . receipt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀；16B. record 记录；C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文"for happiness and a long life” 及 "Living every day to the full, definitely"可知,此处指“秘诀”。应选 A 项。47、We will be posting a series of regularly form now on so those who read our posts won* t beconcerned about us.A . issuesB . updatesC . descriptionsD . schedules答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总 挂念我们。A. issues发行；B. updates最新消息；C. descriptions描写；D. schedules计划。根据句意可知，为 了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示“最新消息”，应 用 updates,应选 Bo48、Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A . senseB . effortC . attentionD . rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了 ！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C. attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to one' s rescue为固 定搭配，意为“营救某人”。应选D项。小提示：49、Is there anything else in that you' d like to share with us?A . particulars . panicC . eagernessD . addition答案：A17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有没有什么别的你特别要和我们提供的吗？ A. particular特别的，讲究的；B.panic恐慌;C. eagerness渴望；D. addition加法，相加，附加。固定短语in particular相当于副词表示“尤其 特别”，符合题意。in panic恐慌，in eagerness渴望地；inaddition此外，都可以排除。应选A项。50、While the rise of STEAM learning is relatively new, there are already that prove the integration ofthese seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting students' performance at school.A . featuresB . illustrationsC . picturesD . figures答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然STEAM学习的兴起相对较新，但已经有数据说明，将这些看似不同的学科整 合在一起,有助于学生在学校的表现。A. features特征；B. illustrations说明；C. pictures图画；D. figures数据。 I艮据 "that prove the integration of these seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting students' performance at school/,可知，这些是通过数据说明的。应选D。51、We waited for them to give us the to move.A . symbolB . signalC . signD . mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C. sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，“signal"意为“信号"，名词词性，符合语境。应选 B项。52、一r m sure his speech has had a great on the people there.一Yes, they were deeply moved.18A . impactB . advanceC . harmonyD . accommodation考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。是的，他们被深深地打动了。A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐；D. accommodation 住处。根据 “they were deeply moved/*可知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。53、As a who has left college for over half a year; Marry finds it challenging to get a good job after herA . graduate; graduatingB . graduation; graduatingC . graduation; graduate .D . graduate; graduation解析: 考查名词。句意：作为一名离校半年以上的毕业生，玛丽觉得毕业后找份好工作很有挑战性。A第一空处前为 不定冠词a,设空处应为名词单数形式，根据句意，表示“毕业生”应用名词graduate ；第二空处前为形容词 性物主代词，设空处应为名词，结合句意，此处表示“毕业”，应用名词graduation。应选D。54、The also preserves the bodies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets whose owners hope they mayone day return to life.A . instituteB . instanceC . intensityD . intention考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，它们的主人希望它们有朝一日 能复活。A.institute 研究所；B.instance 例子；C.intensity 强度；D.intention 打算。由"preserves the bodies of19解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B. orientation 方向；信仰;C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。根据"and ninety-nine percent perspiration."可知,天才 需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。4、The cloth has a of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful.A . paintingB . patternC . sampleD . model答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这块布有蓝白方格的图案，非常漂亮。A. painting绘画；B. pattern模式，图案；C. sample样品；D. model模范。根据后文“of blue and white squares”指布有蓝白方格的图案,应用pattern。应选Bo5、The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A . balletB . seniorC . generationD . summary答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语老师要求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B. senior较年长的人；C. generation 一代人；D. summary 概要。由上下文 “The English teacher asked the students to give a ofthe text.”可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘要，应选D。6、We' ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional.A . interestB . attitudeC . competenceD . reputation答案：C 解析:100 cats and dogs and other petsn可知，是研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，空格处是“研 究所”，即institute,应选A。55、fine weather it is!A . What aB . How aC . WhatD . How答案：C解析：考查感叹句和连词。句意：今天多么好的天气呀！感叹句句式：How+adj+主语+谓语！ What+adj+n+主语+谓 语！ how是副词，修饰形容词或者副词作状语，what修饰名词，分析句子可知，修饰名词weather用what, 且weather是不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，应选C。56、 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A . benefitB . reliefC . preferenceD . defence答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B.relief慰藉；C. preference爱好，偏好；D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断，这是“我” 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。57、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A . insightB . perseveranceC . confirmationD . achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力，领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前 “you must stick to20your plan"可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。58、Linda wants to go abroad for further study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her parent' s.A . movementB . professionC . destinationD . permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母的许可。A.movement运动；B.profession职业；C.destination目的地；D.permission准许。结合句意可知,permission “准许”符合题意, 应选择D项。59、The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A . departures . insightC . proofD . setting答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B. insight领悟；C. proof证据；D. setting环境；背景。根据new meaning可知，insight “领悟”符合句意。应选 Bo60、There are people in the cinema.A . two hundredB . two hundredsC . two hundred of答案：A解析：考查数词。句意：电影院里有两百个人。用hundred （百）表确切数字修饰名词时，hundred不可变为复数形 式，且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。应选A。2161、These measures have been taken with a (n) to increasing the company's profits.A . viewB . intentionC . purposeD . aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B. intention意图；目 的；C. purpose目的；D. aim目标；目的。短语with a view to表示“为了 ；指望”，是固定搭配，而其他选项 没有这样的搭配。应选A。62、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A . collectionB . selectionC . descriptionD . tradition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B. selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据“the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语,意为“难以形容”。应选C。63、The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A . ingredientB . conventionC . compoundD . composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半高 中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料,成分；B. convention习俗，惯例，大会；C pound混合物,合成词； D. composition成分构成,组成，创作。由语意可知，composition ”成分构成，组成”符合题意。应选D项。2264、一A friend of thinks she won't pass the exam.一I think she should believe in. That's the secret to success.A . my aunt; herB . my aunt's; herC . my aunt's; herself答案：C解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示“我阿姨的一个朋友”，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe in oneself（相信自己）。应选Co65、Lack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships andyour self-esteem.A . comment differB . respect damageC . benefit destroyD . expectation decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment ”评论”，differ “有区别,有分歧” ；respect “尊敬”，damage "损害；伤害” ；benefit ”益处； 好处”，destroy "毁坏"；expectation “期待”，decorate “装饰”。根据句意,相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也 会损害人际关系和自尊。应选B。小提示：66、We' II never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.A . pressB . donationsC . contributionsD . efforts23解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界；B.donations捐赠；C.contributions贡献；D.efforts努力。根据常识可知，我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠 肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为“贡献”，应选C。67、Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A . differenceB . senseC . influenceD . meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B. sense意义； 理解力；C. influence影响；D. meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义”。 应选Bo68、 You' II get a false of the town if you only visit the university.A . impressionB . companyC