2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步培优Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using Language.docx

Unit 2 Section III夯基提能作业一、语言基础训练.单词拼写1. The map show （he distribution （分布）of this species across the world.2. The project is only in （he initial phase （阶段）yet, but it's looking quite promising.3. Children should not be allowed to watch violent （暴力的）movies.4. Humans> dogs> eleDhants and dolDhins are all mammals （口甫乳动物）,but birds, fish and crocodiles are not.5. The book deals with the reproductive biology （生物学）of this special animal.6. During these periods （he birds will lie on the cage floor as if trying to lay or hatch （W 出）eggs.7. Limited resources are restricting our capacity （能力）for developing new products.8. Villagers say the fence （栅栏）would limit public access to the hills.9. They should put him in prison （监狱）and throw away the key!10. The bridge that crosses the bay is a grand （宏大的）structure.11. 单句语法填空1. The Red Cross organized the distribution （distribute） of food and clothing in the disaster area.2. The young man became a licensed （license） doctor after graduating from college.3. Complaints about the frequency （frequent） of trains rose by 201 % in the last year.4. The report documents the shocking amount of domestic violence （violent） against women.5. We invited twenty people, but only a handful of them came.6. It is againsl school rules for the girl students to wear high-heeled shoes.7. When you're in a good state, you remember things better!8. She's old enough （o have the freedom （free） to do as she likes.9. The west believes it has a greater capacity to adapt （adapt） to climate change.10. I noticed a flock of birds picking worms in the garden when I watered the vegetables.川.选词填空a flock of, a handful of, al birth, in the interest of, pick up1. This disease is usually incurable, but in a handful of cases the patients have survived.2. So long as it's in the interest of both sides, it's worth talking about.3. He picked his cap ud from the floor and stuck it back on his head.4. In the fall we sometimes hear calls as a flock of geese fly south.5. The twins were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments. 二、培优提升训练I .阅读理解Climate change, not human hunting, may have destroyed （he （hylacine （袋狼），according （o a new study based on DNA from thylacine bones.The meat-eating marsupials （有袋动物）died out on mainland Australia a few thousand years ago, but sun ived in Tasmania, an island of southeast Australia separated from the mainland, until the 1930s. Until now, scientists have believed the cause of this mainland extinction （灭绝）was increased activity from native Australians and dingoes （Australian wild dogs）.Scientists behind （he University of Adelaide study, which was published in （he Journal of Biogeography on Thursday, collected 51 new thylacine DNA samples from fossil （化石）bones and museum skins. The paper concluded that climate change starting about 4,000 years ago was likely （he main cause of the mainland extinction.The ancient DNA showed that the mainland extinction of thylacines was rapid, and not the result of loss of genetic diversity （基因多样性）.There was also evidence of a population crash （大 跌）in thylacines in Tasmania at the same period of time, reducing their numbers and genetic diversity.Professor Jeremy Austin said Tasmania would have been protected from mainland Australia's wanner, drier climate due to its higher rainfall. He argued that climate change was “the only thing that could have caused, or at least started, an extinction on the mainland and caused a population crash in Tasmania”.“They both occurred at about the same time, and the other two things that have been talked about in the past that may have driven thylacines to extinction on the mainland were dingoes and humans. So the only explanation that's left is climate change. And because that population crash happened at the same time the species（物种）went extinct on the mainland, our argument is there's a common theme there and the only common theme is that there is this change in climate.M文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述袋狼消失的原因。1. What did scientists believe in the past according to the passage? DA. Marsupials were all mcat-cating animals.B. Dingoes should be removed from Australia.C. Thylacines had no enemies on mainland Australia.D. Human activities may cause the extinction of thylacines.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中 uUntil now, scientists have believed the cause of this mainland extinction（灭绝）was increased activity from native Australians and dingoes（Australian wild dogs）.（到目前为止，科学家们一直认为大陆物种灭绝的原因是澳大利亚土著居民和澳 大利亚野狗活动的增加。）”可知，科学家过去认为人类活动可能会导致袋狼的灭绝。应选 Do2. What's the difference between mainland Australia and Tasmania? BA. Tasmania has more dingoes.B. Tasmania has more rainy days.C. Tasmania has a higher temperature.D. Tasmania has more native activities.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段"Professor Jeremy Austin said Tasmania would have been protected from mainland Australia's warmer, drier climate due to its higher rainfall4杰里米奥斯 丁教授说，塔斯马尼亚本来可以免受澳大利亚大陆更温暖、更干燥的气候的影响，因为那里 的降雨量更多。）“可知，塔斯马尼亚有更多的雨天。应选B。3. The reason why Jeremy Austin had strong argument is that A .A. something similar occurred on mainland Australia and TasmaniaB. Tasmania was protected from mainland Australia's warmer climateC. humans and dingoes may have driven thylacines to extinctionD. mainland Australia suffered from much higher rainfall in （he past解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 “He argued that climate change was 'the only thing that could have caused, or at least started, an extinction on the mainland and caused a population crash in Tasmania'.（他认为，气候变化是唯一可能导致大陆物种灭绝，或者至少是导致塔 斯马尼亚人口锐减的原因）”判断出，杰里米奥斯丁（Jeremy Austin）之所以有强有力的论 据，是因为澳大利亚大陆和塔斯马尼亚岛也发生了类似的事情。应选A。4. What's the best title for the passage? AA. The Cause of Disappearance of ThylacinesB. The Ways of Protecting Meat-eating AnimalsC. The Result of Wanner Climate in AustraliaD. The Effect of Climate Change on Wildlife解析：标题判断题。根据第一段 “Climale change, nol human hunting, may have destroyed （he ihylacine（袋狼）,according to a new study based on DNA from ihylacine bones.（根据一项基 于袋狼骨骼DNA的新研究，可能是气候变化，而不是人类狩猎，导致了袋狼的灭绝。）”和 第二段中 *Until now, scientists have believed the cause of this mainland extinclion（灭绝）was increased activity from native Australians and dingoes （Australian wild dogs）.（至U 目前为止， 科 学家们一直认为大陆物种灭绝的原因是澳大利亚土著居民和澳大利亚野狗活动的增加。）” 可知这篇文章讲述的是袋狼消失的原因。应选A。II.语法填空阅读卜面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following year 1. to ensure （ensure） pork production can rebound close to the level before outbreaks of African swine fever occurred, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said.Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show the national pork price slumped by 23 percent in November 2. compared （compare） to the peak level in late October.In many areas in North China, prices dropped by about 30 percent 3. Io below 30 yuan per kilogram.Domestic pork production 4. has been hit (hit) seriously by the outbreaks of African swine fever since August last year.Total production in the first three quarters was about 32 million metric tons, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.5. Shortages (short) in supply have resulted in rising pork prices since the beginning of the year, 6. but prices have started to decline recently due to increased production.Pork is the most 7. commonly(common) consumed meat in China, and the supply of it 8. matters (matter) to the nation's food security.So, on Monday, the ministry announced it has started 9. thrcc-month special campaign aimed at fighting legal violations 1(). involving (involve) the buying, selling and slaughtering to ensure quality and safety of the meat and its products in the market.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猪肉价格上涨的原因、造成的影响以及政府 为之做出的努力。解析：1 .考查非谓语动词。所填词作目的状语，所以用动词不定式。故填tocnsurc。2 .考查非谓语动词。所填词作状语，price和compare之间是被动关系，应用其过去分 词形式。故填compared。3 .考查介词。drop to降到，固定短语。故填to。4 .考查时态及语态。所填词作谓语，同时根据since Augusl lasl year可知，这里用现在 完成时；produclion和hit之间是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填has been hil。5 .考查名词。所填词作主语，根据in supply have resulted in判断，用其名词复数形式； 位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Shortages。6 .考查连词。前一句说价格上涨，下一句是价格下降，两句之间是转折关系。故填but。7 .考查副词。所填词作状语，修饰形容词consumed,用副词形式。故填commonly。8 .考查时态。由前面的is可知句子是一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数。故填matters。9 .考查冠词。campaign是可数名词单数形式，用a/an表示泛指；且three-month是辅 音音素开头的单词。故填a。10 .考查非谓语动词。violations和involve之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式。故 填 involving o川.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。The Board Meeting had come to an end.Bob started to stand up and knocked into the table, spilling his coffee over his notes. " How embarrassing! 1 am getting so clumsy(笨拙的)in my old age. ”Everyone had a good laugh, and soon we were all telling stories of our most embarrassing moments.lt came around to Frank, who sat quietly listening to the olhers.Someone said. "Come on,Frank.Tell us your most embarrassing moment.”Frank laughed and began to tell us of his childhood/*! grew up in San Pedro.My dad was a fisherman.He had his own boat, but it was hard making a living on the sea.He worked hard and would stay out until he caught enough to feed a big family.Not just enough for our family, but also fbr his mom and dad and the other kids that were still at home.”He looked at us and said, “I wish you could have met my dad.He was strong from pulling the nets and fighting the seas for his catch.When you got close to him, he smelled like the ocean.No matter how much my mother washed his clothes, they would still smell of the sea and of fish.Frank's voice dropped a bit. 44 When the weather was bad he would drive me to school.He had this old truck that he used in his fishing business.That truck was older than he was.Half the time, he would slam to a stop and the old truck would belch（喷出）a cloud of smoke.He would pull right up in from, and it seemed like everybody would be standing around and watching.Then he would lean over and give me a goodbye kiss on the check and tell me to be a good boy.lt was so embarrassing fbr me.Here, I was twelve years old.I was a big boy and my dad would lean over and kiss me goodbye!"He paused and then went on. "I remember the day I decided I was too old for a goodbye kiss.When we got to the school and came to a stop, he had his usual big smile.He started to lean toward me, but I put my hand up and said, 'No, Dad.'"Paragraph 1:It ivas the first time I had ever talked to him that way, and he had this surprised look on his face.Paragraph 2:Frank got a funny look on his face, and the tears began to ivell up in his eyes. And he spoke._参考范文：Paragraph 1:It was the first lime / had ever talked to him that way, and he had this surprised look on his face. I said, “Dad, I'm too old for a goodbye kiss on the cheek.I'm too old fbr any kind of kiss.” My dad looked at me for the longest time, and his eyes started to tear up. * You're right, “ he said/*You are a big boy.a man.I won't kiss you anymore.”Paragraph 2:Frank got a funny look on his face, and the tears began to well up in his eyes.And he spoke. “Il wasn't long after that when my dad went to sea and never came back.Il was a bad weather day when most of the fishermen stayed in, but not Dad.He had a big family to feed.The ocean has swallowed him up.”