天津市东丽区2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题（解析版含听力）.docx

天津市东丽区2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题本试卷分第I卷和第n卷两局部，共120分，考试时间100分钟，第I卷1页至8页， 第n卷9页至io页。第I卷（共75分）第一局部：听力（共两节，总分值20分）第一节（共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。请听下面5段对话，选出最正确选项。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which city has the woman been to?A. Paris.B. London.C. Amsterdam.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Ah, Lucy, you' re back. How was your weekend adventure?W: Fantastic, although two days isn' t really long enough for Paris. It needs at least a week.M: I agree. I felt the same way when I visited London and Amsterdam over a long weekend.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How much do two shirts cost today?A. $15.B. $20.C. $30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W： Do you still have the sale on shirts? Two for $20?M: No. That ended last week. Shirts are back to the regular price of $15 each.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman think of the person yesterday?A. He is smart.B. He is careless.C. He is brave.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M: Careful with that, please. It' s a very expensive piece of scientific equipment.习惯于树木、植物和花朵的美丽，以至于我们甚至可能认为这是理所当然的，而没有意识到 它给了我们多少灵感，所以我们看到开放的花朵时，会觉得它很像一把伞，此处用副词“closely （相似地）”强调我们认为花和伞很相似,应选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运 作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一局部。A. discover发现；B. explore探索；C. tend 彳顷向于； 照顾；D. support 支持。 由下文 “ways to capture the beauty of natural forms” 可知，要捕捉自然形态之美的方法，需要建筑师去探索，下文“exploring”也是提示，故 选Bo28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运 作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一局部。A. polishes擦亮；B. shares提供；C. respects尊敬；D. works工作；运作。由上文“to mimic the way nature”和下段以新加 坡艺术科学博物馆为例可知，建筑师模仿自然的运作方式，应选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些对探索艺术与科学之间的平衡感兴趣的人，将会喜欢新加坡 的艺术科学博物馆。A. relationship关系；B. discussion讨论；C. balance平衡；D. friendship友谊。由下文"between art and sciencev可知，此处指探索艺术与科学之间 的平衡，应选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循 环利用。A. painted绘画；B. shaped塑造;使成为形状；C. sculptured雕刻;D.translated 翻，译。 由下文 “to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system” 可知，新加坡的艺术科学博物馆被 建成莲花的样子，应选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市 建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. pleased高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C.amazed 惊讶的；D. annoyed 恼怒的。由下文“to find themselves in an urban building that so7 captures the beauty of natural form. 可知，游客们发现自己置身于一座能真正捕捉到自然之美的城市建筑，这让他们感到很惊奇，应选C。32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建 筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. truly真正地；B. fiercely猛烈地；C. suddenly突10 然；D. slightly 稍微地。由上文 “It is 5 to resemble a lotus flower whose floorcollects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system.（它的形状像 一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用）”和下文“captures the beauty of natural form （捕捉自然形态之美）”可知，新加坡艺术科学博物馆这座城市建筑能真正 捕捉到自然之美，应选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使 用更少的能源，运行本钱也更低。A. increases增长；B. forms形成；C. reduces减少； D. creates制作。由卜文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更 少的能源，这说明这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，应选C。【34题详解】考查形容词比拟级词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因 此建筑使用更少的能源，运行本钱也更低。A. fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；B. less更 少的（修饰不可数名词）；C. more更多的（修饰可数名词）；D. much更多的（修饰不可数 名词）。由上文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源， 进而运行本钱也更低，costs不可数名词，用less,应选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的外表覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热 量,并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. surface外表;B. foundation基础;C. bottom 底部；D. background 背景。 由下文 “of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algaev可知，是公寓建筑的外表覆盖着含有藻类的面板，应选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的外表覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热 量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. light光线；B. steam蒸汽；C. radio收音 机；I）, heat 热量。由下文 “from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building”可知，含有藻类的面板能吸收太阳的热量，将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力， 应选Do【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反响，使用较少的能源, 而且能减少对环境的破坏。A. keeps off让开；B. sticks to坚持；C. comes up with想 出；D. responds to 响应;对做出反响。由上文“The 10 of the apartmentbuilding is covered in panels containing algae, which capture 11 from the sunand change it into energy that powers the building. 可知，建筑外表覆盖着含有藻 类的面板，能捕获太阳的热量，这是指建筑对环境做出反响，应选D。II【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反响，使用较少的能源，而且 能减少对环境的破坏。A. attack攻击；B. damage损坏；C. quality质量；D. amount数 量。由上文 “which capture 13 from the sun and change it into energy that powersthe building”和“uses less energyv可知，含有藻类的建筑物不仅使用较少的能源，还 能减少对环境的破坏，应选B。【39题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：建造这样的建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处。A. in need of 需要 ；B. beyond control of 无法控制 ；C. on basis of 以 为基础； D. in harmony with 与和谐相处。由上文 uTherefore, the building not only12 its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces 13 to theenvironment."可知，这种外表覆盖着含有藻类面板的建筑，不仅使用较少的能源，而且能 减少对环境的破坏，所以说这种建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处，应选D。【40题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意:在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战, 但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。A. simplest最简单的；B.mildest 最温和的；C. worst 最坏的;D. latest 最新的。由上文"To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge” 和 but even 可矢口，止匕处指“最 简单的生物体”，它强调了自然给人类带来的灵感，即使是最简单的生物体也能激发人类， 帮助人类实现保护未来世界的同时满足如今需求的目标，应选A。第三局部：阅读理解（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最正确选项。AOften called uthe universal language” , music can be powerful. Concerts combine music with performance, visual arts and sometimes social causes. The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let' s look at some of them. Bob Dylan: Newport Folk FestivalRhode Island, US,July 25, 1965Bob Dylan is famous for his poetic guitar ballads （民谣）.Many of his famous songs were about improving the rights of black Americans and protesting the Vietnam War.However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound. Many fans felt that Dylan “betrayed （背12 叛）“ them and his style. The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born. Live AidLondon, UK,July 13, 1985As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine （饥荒）in Ethiopia. It' s often seen as the first benefit concert of its kind.The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries. It had nearly 1. 5 billion TV viewers. More than 100 rockstars from around the world participated. Beyonce: Coachella Music FestivalCalifornia, US,April 14, 2018There is now a rule of show business: A Beyonce performance will steal the show. Her powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.At the Coachella Music Festival, Beyonce had an all-black dancer and backing vocals lineup. The concert, which fans call “Beychella“ on Twitter, took 100 backup （支持性的）performers and three months of rehearsals.The Guardian called it a combination of ancestral spirit （先祖之魂），modern entertainment and personal will” . Beyonce is like "a goddess of war” .41. What were Bob Dylan' s songs in the concert like?A. They were soft just like poets and ballads.B. They betrayed Dylan and his fans.C. They were sharp folk rock.D. They were about black people' s rights.42. Why was Live Aid held?A. To improve relationships among different countries.B. To find talented singers.C. To promote rock music.D. To fight famine in Ethiopia.43. What made Beyonce? s performance different?A. The specially designed stage at the Coachella Music Festival.B. Her all-star lineup of dancers.13Her voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits.C. The themes of her songs.44. Which concert in the passage was broadcast live in many countries?A. Newport Folk Festival.B. Live Aid.C. Coachella Music Festival.D. None of them.45. What' s the best title of the passage?A. Greatest concerts.B. Greatest singers.C. Music and Singers.D. Universal language.【答案】41. C 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三场改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。41题详解】细节理解题。根据 Bob Dylan: Newport Folk Festival 局部第二段中“However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound.（然而，在1965年的音乐会中，Dylan向他的观众发起了挑战他拿出一把电吉他，发出了响亮的声音）"及"The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born.（卫报称这是民谣摇滚诞生的时期）”可知，Bob Dylan在演唱会上的歌曲风格是 高音民间摇滚。应选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据 Live Aid 局部第一段中 “As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine （饥荒）in Ethiopia.（顾名 思义，Live Aid是用来帮助人们的。它筹集了 2. 45亿美元用于对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒）” 可知，Live Aid是为了对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒而举行。应选D项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据 Beyonce: Coachella Music Festival 局部第一段中 aHer powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.（她有力的声音，充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装一起赋予了她独特的风格）”可 知，Beyonce的声音、充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装使她的表演与众不同。应选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据 Live Aid 局部第二段中 “The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries.（这场表演持续了 16个小时，在140多个国家进行了直 播）”可知，Live Aid在很多国家直播。应选B项。14【45题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中"The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let' s look at some of them.（英国卫报列出 了改变现代音 乐史的50场音乐会。让我们来看看其中的一些）”可知，文章介绍了几个改变现代音乐历史 的演唱会。应选A项。BNew York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it' s the thinnest in the world.After years of development, Steinway Tower is now complete. The height of the building is 435 meters. But it' s just 18 meters wide. The width-to-height ratio is 1:24. That makes the building look very thin, like a chopstick sticking up from the ground. For context （供参考），CITIC Tower, known as China Zun Tower in Beijing, stands at 528 meters, but is 84 meters wide.You don' t need to worry that the building may break in half during a storm. According to SIIoP Architects, the designer of the building, it was made with the world' s strongest concrete . However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy （晕眩的）.Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It' s called a damper （风阻尼器），usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons. It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind.There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land. Meanwhile, designers wanted to make the Steinway Tower a landmark. Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory （辉煌）of Steinway Hall.46. What do we know about the Steinway Tower?A. It is the world? s tallest building. Zun Tower.C. The building work started this year, it.47. What would make people feel dizzy?A. The breaking of the building.B. It is a little wider than ChinaD. No other building is as thin asB. The swinging of the building.15C. The sounds of strong wind, concrete.C. The sounds of strong wind, concrete.D. The falling of the strongestWhat helps the Steinway Tower protect itself from wind?A.Standing near other tall buildings.B.Weighing hundredsof tons.C.Having a big steel ballinside.D.Swinging slowly in the wind.48. Why do people build skyscrapers in New York City?A.To save land.B.To show off theirskills.C.To welcome more people.D.To make space forlandmarks.49. What can we learn about the design of the Steinway Tower?A. It is a common way to build theaters.B. It is partly in memory of a famous old building.C. It is the same as the design of Steinway Hall.D. The historic style made it famous in the 20th century.【答案】46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于纽约的世界上最薄的建筑施坦威大厦。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “New York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it' s the thinnest in the world."（纽约市拥有一些世界上最高的建筑。最近，一座新的摩天大楼也加入了他们的行 列。这次它是世界上最薄的。）可知，没有其他建筑像施坦威大厦这么薄。应选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy （晕眩的）.”（然而，该 建筑仍可能在强风中移动。这会造成巨大的噪音，里面的人可能会感到头晕。）可知，建筑 物的摆动会让人感到头晕。应选B。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It' s called a damper （风阻尼器），usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons. It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind. "（许多现代高层建筑内部都有一个秘密工具，可以帮助它们静止不动。它被称为阻 尼器，通常是一个重达数百吨的巨大钢球。例如，施坦威塔的阻尼器有800吨。它在建筑物 内来回摆动以平衡风的力量。）可知，施坦威塔里面有一个大钢球帮助施坦威塔防风。应选16Co【49题详解】推理判断题。根据最后段 There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land. ” （有许多人在纽约市生活和工作。那里的土地非常昂贵。摩天大楼是节约土地的好选择。） 可知，为了节省土地，人们在纽约建造摩天大楼。应选A。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段"Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory （辉煌）of Steinway Hall. ” （建筑的一局部是拥有96年历史的施坦威音乐厅。它在20世纪以音乐会而闻名。摩天大楼 的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。）可知，摩天大楼的特殊设计可能 会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。应选B。CAt the beginning of my senior year in high school, I began applying to the University of Connecticut. But what I didn' t realize was how expensive my dream was. I came from a middle-class family, and it seemed as though we' d always struggled to make ends meet.I wasn? t the smartest person in my class, not even close; but my heart was in the right place, and I was determined. I applied for every scholarship I could. And then my guidance counselor told me about the financial aid system. I applied, but I didn' t think I would qualify for that either.After the holidays, my friends started receiving their acceptance letters from colleges, and I eagerly expected mine. Finally, a letter arrived from the University of Connecticut. Feelings of fear and joy overwhelmed me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands. I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid. I had been working a full-time job, but that wasn, t enough to pay for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.Months went by before a letter from the financial aid office arrived. I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application. This happened over and over, and my hopes kept getting shot down. Finally, an envelope arrived, the one that would determine whether I could attend college. Not only was financial aid （助学金）going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my17 dream come true.I am now a junior at the University of Connecticut, pursuing a degree in English.50. What was the author? s main trouble in realizing her dream?A. She lacked determination.B. Her family was short of money.C. She didn' t know which university to apply to.D. Her parents disapproved of her attending university.51. How did the author get money for her tuition fees?A. By taking up part-time jobs.B. By receiving her parents? support.C. By turning to her guidance counselor for help.D By applying for scholarships and financial aid.52