英语基础——六种基本句型.docx
五大基本句型1、主语+谓语这种句型中的动词一般是不及物动词。如:1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生 的。3) Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.2、主语+谓语+宾语这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,例:1) Li Lei always helps me I don't know what I should do next.2) I want to help him.3) 主语+系动词+表语常见的系动词有 be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep, become, turn, get, grow, go 等。如:1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可 口。2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。3) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.4) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高 多了。4、主语+谓语+双宾语1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present. 2) The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.5、主语+动词+宾语+宾补You should keep the room clean and tidy.(形容词)1) We made him our monitor.(名词)His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)2) My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans(过去分词)英语十大词性1、名词表示人或事物的名称的词。如:人名-Mike,Li Ming;地名一America ,China 动物名-pig,dog;植 物名-tree,wheat.抽象的事物的名称:idea(主意),victory(胜 利),knowledge(知识).2、代词何谓“代” ?即是替代的意思,主要是来替代名词,所以说名词和代 词关系是很近的,或者说代词的实质就是名词,正是这种血液关系, 绝大多数时候代词跟名词在句中起的作用是一样的。英语代词可以分为:1) 人称代词We, us I, me; he, him ; she , her; they, them; it, it.第一个是 主格,第二个是宾格。2) 物主代词名词性的物主代词:mineyours herstheirsourshisits形容词性的物主代词:myyour her their ourhisits指示代词This that these those反身代词myself himself herself yourself yourselves themselves3、动词“动”就是动作一人的五官动作:walk(走)jjump(跳),swim(游泳);人的大 脑动作(心理活动):think(想),imagine(想象)也有些动词是表示静止的, 如:am9 is, areo4、形容词我们在谈论人或物时,常说:“你描述一下是什么样子。”你就要 用上:tall (高的),short矮的),black (黑的),white (白的)这些 词往往是修饰名词,它们就是形容词。5、副词说人行走得快慢,讲话清楚,在英语里就要用quickly (快地), slowly (慢地),clearly (清楚地)这些词往往来修饰动词。它们就是 副词。副词很多是从形容词加ly构成的,所以看单词词尾是否有ly 是判断是否是副词的一种方法,但是词尾是ly的也不一定都是副词, 可能是形容词,不过只有少量的单词(likely fiendly lovely lonely weekly monthly yearly ),6、介词介词同名词“关系”最好,是“铁”哥们,所以往往你见到介词的地 方你就会见到名词。例如:at, in , on, into,等等。7、连词如果我们想把单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来就 要用连词。常见的连词有:and、but、or、both .and > neither, nor 、not only .but also、when、 where > before > after、 if 等等8、冠词英语中只有三个词:aan (不定冠词)the (定冠词)。9、数词顾名思义,跟数字有关的词就是数词,英语中的数词有两种,基 数词和序数词。基数词,比方:one two > three、four> five、 six、seven 等等,序数词,比方:first、second> third、fourth、 fifth等等。10、感叹词主要是来表示 喜怒哀乐等感情的,比方:oh ah well等等。