2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册同步培优Unit 3 Environmental protection Section Ⅱ Learning About Language.docx

Unit3 Section II夯基提能作业一、语言基础训练I .将直接引语变成间接引语1. John said, "I want to take part in the 2020 Olympic Games.”f John said that he wanted to take part in the 2020 Olympic Games.2. He said to Kate, “How is your sister now? ”f He asked Kate how her sistsr was then.3. Mr. Smith said, “His voice is wonderful.f Mr. Smith said that his voice was wonderful.4. He said, "My sister wants to go with me.”f He said that his sister wanted to go with him.5. . She said (to me), “I like this book very much.”f She told me that she liked that book very much.6. She said (to him), “You haven't returned me my book.”f She told him that he hadn't returned her her book.7. He said, “The film had begun when I got to the cinema. ”f He said that the film had begun when he got to the cinema.8. I asked the teacher, u When shall we have our sports meeting?”f I asked the teacher when we should have our sports meeting.9. "Let's go to the country for a picnic, “ Peter said to me.f Peter advised me to go to the country for a picnic with him.10. uGive me a hand, please, “ she said to the boy.f She asked the boy to give her a hand.11. 单句语法填空1. He asked who could tell the exact time when the problem would be solved.解析：句意：他问谁能告知这个问题能够被解决确实切时间。间接引语用陈述语序； who应位于间接引语的开头。2. “Have you ever been to the seaside? ” he asked me.f He asked me if I had ever been to the seaside.解析：句意：他问我是否去过海边。直接引语是一般疑问句，间接引语要变成由whether/if 引导的宾语从句；主句动词用了过去时态，直接引语为现在完成时，变成间接引语时要用过 去完成时。3. A tourist explained to a foreigner why the flag flew (fly) at half mast (半旗).解析：句意：一位游客向一个外国人解释为什么降半旗。根据主句谓语可知应用过去时。4. We were told that there was (be)going to be an English corner in the hall at 7 o'clock p. m.解析：句意：有人告诉我们下午七点在大厅有一个英语角。主句为一般过去时，在间接 引语中，要用过去时态。而且an English corner为单数，因此用was。5. He asked, uWhen did Cambodia's former King pass away? ”f He asked when Cambodia's former King had passed away.解析：句意：他问柬埔寨前国王是何时去世的。直接引语是一般过去时，变为间接弓I语 时要变成过去完成时。6. He said, "Mother, the boy is very naughty.f He told his mother that the boy was very naughty.解析：句意：他跟妈妈说那个男孩很淘气。陈述句变间接引语时，主句动词可以用tell。7. He told us last night that the flight to Shanghai takes (take) off at eight tomorrow.解析：句意：昨晚他告诉我们到上海的航班明天八点起飞。直接引语表达的为客观现象， 为时刻表规定的内容，变为间接引语时谓语动词需用一般现在时。8. The head teacher told us that most of the students were(be) born in the 1990s.解析：句意：校长告诉我们大多数学生出生于20世纪90年代。有具体的过去时间作状 语的直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变，仍然用一般过去时。9. Did the cold weather really begin? ” the child said to his mother.f The child asked his mother whether/if the cold weather had really begun.解析：句意：孩子问妈妈寒冷的天气是否已真正开始。变间接引语时一般疑问句变为 whether/if引导的宾语从句。10. A spokesman said the other day that the company had said (say)“sorry'' to some underage (未成年的)workers for hiring them.解析：句意：几天前一位发言人说这家公司因雇用未成年工人已向他们抱歉。二、垓优提升训练【.阅读理解A(2021 山东新泰一中高二月考)Recently a team of scientists produced a report about global warming and the natural world. They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals. The scientists were surprised by what they found. They saw that during the next 50 years about 25% of land animals and plants will disappear from the earth. More than 1 million plant and animal species will die out by 2050.The head of the research team, Christ Thomas, who is a professor of conservation biology at Leeds University, said the results of their research were frightening. More than 10% of all plants and animals will disappear from the earth. It is too late to save many plants and animals because of the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere. But the scientists say if we control greenhouse gases now, we can save many more plants and animals from disappearing.The scientists studied some areas of the world with very rich biology. These areas were Europe, Australia, Central and South America, and South Africa. Their studies showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they could move uphill to get cooler. In flat areas, such as deserts, plants and animals would have to move very long distances to get cooler, so they were in great danger of dying out. The scientists found many surprising things. For example, they found that half of the 24 species of butterflies they studied in Australia would soon disappear.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近来一个科学团队的研究说明：在不久的将来，温室气 体量的增加对动植物物种可能会有毁灭性的影响。由于全球变暖，动植物的生存空间发生改 变，其数量和种类也在不断减少。作者试图通过分析现状唤醒人们的环保意识。1. To many plants and animals, what can global warming be best described as? AA. Deadly.B. Surprising.C. Disappointing.D. Frightening.解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，全球变暖带来的是动植物物种的不断减少，这 种影响对动植物来说是致命的。2. What's the purpose of the research led by Christ Thomas? CA. To protect animals and plants from global warming.B - To call on people to control greenhouse gases.C. To study the effect of global warming on animals and plants.D. To warn us of the dying out of many animals and plants.解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句"They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals. ”可知这项研究的目的，即研究全球变暖对动植物的影响。3. What can we learn from the passage? BA. About 25% of land animals and plants have disappeared from the earth.B. In about three decades more than 1 million plant and animal species will die out.C. We can do nothing to save the plants and animals.D. Wildlife in flat areas can't find enough food.解析：细节理解题。通过第一段可知，在未来的50年里，将有大约25%的陆地动植物 灭绝，A项时态有误；B项表述正确，in about three decades即大约30年后，即2050年左 右；C项错在we can do nothing上；D项文章并未提及。4. Which can be the best title for this passage? CA. Extinct animals in the worldB - Disappearance of butterfliesC. The impact of global warming on plants and animalsD. A frightening discovery concerning global warming解析：标题归纳题。纵观整篇文章可知，作者向人们展示了全球变暖对动植物物种的灭 绝性危害。C项能形象地概括整篇内容。BTn the waters off Brisbane, Australia, a sevenfootlong sand tiger shark swam in pain. A twofootlong spike stuck out of her side. It was a piece of fishing equipment that the shark ate carelessly. After traveling into her body, the spike punctured （刺）through the shark's stomach.A man swimming in the water noticed the shark. Then, he warned Sea World Marine Park in the nearby town of Gold Coast. Sea World sent a 12 person team from its rescue center to where the shark was discovered in Moreton Bay Marine Park. Soon, they found her lying on the seafloor. “She'll die without help, “ said Trevor Long, leader of the rescue center.Using an onboard crane （吊车），the rescuers moved the shark into their boat's 13 foot long tank. Then Dr. David Bly de gave the shark pain medicine and performed an opera-tion to remove the spike. After that, the team sailed with the shark to Sea World 33 miles away. They placed the fish in a 49-foot_long tank and waited to see if she got better.To give the shark's stomach time to get better, she wasn't fed for the first few days. A week after her operation, Long offered the shark a small, dead fish. The animal refused to eat. But days later when he dropped another fish into her tank, the shark enjoyed her meal. Gradually the shark's wounds were getting better.Two weeks after her rescue, they took the shark back to the boat and returned her to Moreton Bay Marine Park. As the fish was lowered by the crane to the water's surface, two rescuers jump into the ocean and guide her into the sea. From the boat, Long watches her swim away. "The shark has another chance, “ Long says.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一条受伤的鲨鱼得到救助的故事。5. . What happens to the sand tiger shark ? AA. She is unlucky and gets hurt badly.B. She has nothing to get for a few days.C. She swims in Sea World and loses her way.D. She is seriously ill because of sea water.解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的two footlong spike stuck out of her side. thespike punctured through the sharks stomach. 可知，这条鲨鱼非常不幸，因为误食了一根两 英尺长的钓鱼器械而被刺穿肠胃。应选A项。6. According to the text, Sea World A .A. helps protect and save animalsB. is 33 miles away from Gold CoastC. hasn't enough space for another sharkD. has never performed operations on sharks解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的 “Sea World sent a 12 person team from its rescue center to where the shark was discoveredv可知，该机构派遣了 一支由十二人组成的救援小组 前往发现鲨鱼的地点。所以A项说法正确。7. How does Long feel when feeding the shark for the first time after the operation? BA. Very proud.B. Quite worried.C. Really relaxed.D. Extremely afraid.解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的"A week after her operation, Long offered the shark a small, dead fish. The animal refused to eat."可知，Long 应该是感到非常担忧。应选 B 项。8. What would be the best title for the text? BA. Dangers from sharksB. Sand tiger shark rescueC. Moreton Bay Marine ParkD. A rescue team from Sea World解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了一条受伤的鲨鱼得到救助的故事，由此可知，B项 可作为本文标题。II.完形填空A few years ago, I went to Hamburg to see my colleague. When I arrived, my colleague arranged a welcome party for me in a 1 D , We noticed a few customers including several old ladies, were having their meal. When a dish is 2. C , the waiter would distribute the food for them, and they would 3, C every bit of the food on their plates.As I was hungry, my local colleague 4, B much food for me. Since there were other things to do, we did not 5. D much time dining. When we planned to leave, there was still about one third of 6, A food left. When we were leaving the restaurant, we 7, B someone calling us. When the old ladies spoke to us in English, we understood that they were 8. A about us wasting so much food.“We 9, B for our food; it is none of your 10. C no matter how much food we left behind, “ my colleague told the old ladies. They got angry, and one of them immediately made a call to someone. After a while, an officer in 11, C arrived. Upon finding what had happened, he issued us a 50-euro fine. The officer told us in a stern （严厉的）voice： uOrder what you can consume. Money is yours, 12. D the resources belong to the society. You have no 13. D for wasting them. " Our face turned red.We all agreed with him in our 14. C . My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly 15. D to the officer.My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenir. We all keep it to remind us that we should never be wasteful.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者跟同事在饭店吃饭因为浪费了食物而被罚款 的故事。作者从中认识到了食物是社会的共同资源，我们不应当浪费粮食。1. A. bankB. companyC. familyD. restaurant解析：根据后文中的“We noticed a few customers including several old ladies, were having their meal. 可知，有几个客人在吃饭，所以应是在饭店里。2. A. cookedB.gatheredC. servedD.missed解析：serve a dish为常用搭配，意为“上菜”。3. A. desertB.refuseC.finishD.oppose解析：根据“every bit”可知，此处表示他们吃完(finish)盘子里的每一点食物。4. A. k叩tB.orderedC.soldD.made解析：order food为常用搭配，意为“点餐”，因为他们在饭店，所以此处是“我”的 同事帮“我”点了(ordered)很多食物。5. A. saveB. findC. divideD. spend解析：根据dining可知,此处是spend time doing sth.结构，后半句意为:我们吃饭没 有花费(spend)很多时间。6. A. unconsumedB. undevelopedC. undiscoveredD. undetermined解析：结合上下文可知，“我们”吃饭是比拟匆忙的，所以当“我们”要离开的时候， 还剩下大约三分之一没吃光的(unconsumed)食物。7. A. appointedB.heardC.realizedD.knew解析：结合上下文并根据“calling us”可知，此处是听到(heard)别人在叫“我们”。8. A. unhappyB.curiousC.nervousD.optimistic解析：根据后面的“wasting so much food”可知,她们叫住“我们”是对“我们”浪费食 物的行为感到不高兴(unhappy)。9. A. askedB. paidC. appliedD. accounted解析：根据句意理解可知，此处意为“我们花钱买了(paid)我们的食物，剩多少食物跟 你们没关系”。10. A. matterB.mindC. businessD.question解析：这里none of your business是固定搭配，意为“不关你(们)的事”。11. A. ragsB.fashionC. uniformD.dream解析：根据常识可知官员一般穿的都是制服，此处意为“一个穿着制服(uniform)的官员 到了”。12. A. soB. andC. orD. but解析：这里前后是一种逻辑上的转折关系：钱是你们的，但是(but)资源是属于社会的， 你们没有任何理由浪费资源。13. A. abilityB.problemC. powerD.reason解析：此题考查固定搭配：have no reason for doing sth.没有理由做某事。14. A. wordsB.facesC - heartsD .ears解析：根据句意理解可知，前文表达“我们”都脸红了，此处意为“我们”在心里(hearts) 都赞同他的话。15. A. approvedB. accusedC. admittedD. apologized解析：根据上文可知，“我们”心里赞同这位官员的话，所以“我”的同事一直向他道 歉(apologized)。