精品解析：2022年辽宁省盘锦市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

2022年盘锦市初中学业水平考试英语试卷（本试卷共65道题 试卷总分值100分 考试时间90分钟） 注意：所有试题必须在答题卡上作答，在本试卷上作答无效。第I卷选择题（共44分）一、单项选择（每题1分，共10分） 从各题的四个选项中选出一个最正确选项，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。1. My uncle hasgood habit of swimming every day.A. anB. theC. aD./【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我的叔叔有每天游泳的好习惯。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个习惯，good首字母发辅音音素，应选C。2. Vincent sometimes sitsthe river and listens to music.A onB. byC. overD. under【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：Vincent有时坐在河边，听音乐。考查介词辨析。on在上面；by在旁边；over在上方；under在下面。sit by the river表示“坐在河边”，因此空格处应用介词by。应选B。3. These two boys enjoy reading. They are talking about favorite writers.A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：这两个男孩喜欢读书。他们正在谈论他们最喜欢的作家。考查代词辨析。they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词; theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据"They are talking aboutfavorite writers.”可知，此处应用形容词性物 主代词修饰favorite writers。应选C。4. Leo likes speed skating and he thinks it's event at the Beijing Winter Olympics.A. excitingB. more excitingFiction Literature （北极光杰出文学翻译奖）,which is one of the world's highest prizes.Xu pursued （追求）the beauty of language all his life and his works have served as a cultural bridge linkinqthe East with the West. His translations are so beautiful that English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature （文学）.At the same time, Chinese readers can understand foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue （母语）.29. Xu's earliest translation work is a（n）A. playB. novel30. Xu thinks a translated work is supposed to beA. as beautiful asC. less beautiful thanC. anthologyD. poemthe original.B. as famous asD. more famous than31. The underlined word "linking“ probably meansC. dividingD. mixingB. The Most Beautiful PoemD. A Great Translator in ChinaA. comparingB. connecting32. Which is the best title for this passage?A. A China's Famous WriterC. The World's Highest Prize【答案】29.D30. A 31. B 32. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文记叙了中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲的生平事迹。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据"In 1939, as a freshman, he published an English translation of a poem as his earliest work. ”可知在1939年，当他还在读大一的时候，他就出版了一本诗歌的英文译本，作为他最早期的作品。应选Do【30题详解】细节理解题。根据 “In his opinion, a translated work should be as beautiful as the original （原著）.”可知在他 看来，一个翻译的作品应该跟原著一样优美。应选A。31题详解】词句猜想题。根据 “Xu pursued （追求）the beauty of language all his life and his works have served as a cultural bridge linking the East with the West可知他的作品就像一座连接东西方文化的桥梁。说明linking 意为“连接”，可用connecting来表示。应选B。32题详解】最正确标题题。根据 “Xu Yuanchong, China's most famous master translator, died in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th, 2021"可知中国最著名的翻译大师许渊冲，在2021年6月17日，在北京辞世，享年100岁。这 篇文章主要是围绕这位中国翻译大师的生平事迹来写的。应选Do(B)根据短文内容，将方框中的选项填入空白处，使短文意思完整、连贯，并将其代表字母 涂在答题卡的相应位置。(每个选项限用一次)Passage 4Imagine wearing a magic hat that allows you to write words down just by thinking of them. In your opinion, it may only appear in a science fiction, 33 They used brain-computer interface （BCI, 脑机接口） technology to write the Chinese “fU". "It's 6written? by a robotic （机器人的）arm controlled by our researchers7 minds,“ said Xu Mingpeng, a teacher at the university.In the lab, two researchers wore hats with sensors （传感器）while keeping their eyes on a computer screen to “mind write “fu" on the red paper. At last, 34In fact, BCI technology has already been used in several different areas. In 2016, Chinese astronauts Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong used it in the Tiangong II space lab. They tested a BCI system （系统）in space for the first time. It is hoped that in the future, astronauts can use these systems to do difficult tasks, 35BCIs can be used in smart homes in the future. For example, 36 BCI technology can also help with the disabled. The people who have lost their hands or arms can use BCIs to write messages and surf the Internet. A. it took the researchers 3 minutes to write it.B. because it's not easy for them to move around in space.C. but the students at Tianjin University did the real research recently.D. simply thinking "turn on the lights can turn on the lights in your home.【答案】33.C34. A 35. B 36. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了脑机接口技术的功能、应用领域及未来的展望。【33题详解】根据上文“In your opinion, it may only appear in a science fiction,”可知，在老百姓看来，这样的事情不太可 能发生在现实生活中，然而实际上科学已经进步和开展了。选项C，旦是天津大学的学生们最近做了研究。”符合语境。应选C。【34题详解】根据上文“In the lab, two researchers wore hats with sensors (传感器)while keeping their eyes on a computer screen to “mind write” “fu” on the red paper.”可知，两名研究员正在通过带有传感器的帽子进行试验。下文应 说明试验的结果或结论。选项A“这个字最终花了 3分钟写出来。”符合语境。应选A。【35题详解】根据上文“It is hoped that in the future, astronauts can use these systems to do difficult tasks,”可知,我们希望 在未来，该技术能够帮助宇航员完成复杂的任务，下文应说明原因。选项B”因为对宇航员们来说，在太空 移动起来并不简单。”符合题意。应选B。【36题详解】根据上文“BCIs can be used in smart homes in the future.”可知I,该段主要介绍了脑机接口技术在智能家庭的 用途。选项D“只需要简单地想一下“开灯、家里的灯就会亮了。”符合题意。应选D。第II卷非选择题(共56分)四、词语运用(每题1分，共16分)(A)根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。37. Alisa will pick strawberries and(tomato) with her father tomon*ow.【答案】tomatoes【解析】【详解】句意：艾丽莎明天要和她爸爸一起摘草莓和西红柿。tomato"西红柿。可数名词；and连接并列成 分，故tomato与strawberries 一样为复数形式。故填tomatoeso38. Look at the photo! The(nine) boy from the right is my best friend.【答案】ninth【解析】【详解】句意：看这张照片！右边第九个男孩是我最好的朋友。nine“九"，基数词，此处应用其序数词 ninth“第九”表顺序,即第九个男孩。故填ninth。1.1 1 hope this excellent report will be(help) in answering your question.【答案】helpful【解析】【详解】句意：我希望这份出色的报告在回答你的问题上会有帮助。此处在句中作表语，用形容词helpful“有帮助的。故填helpful。40. There is an old（build） in front of our school.【答案】building【解析】【详解】句意：在我们学校前面有一栋古老的建筑。根据"There is an old”可知，空白处应填入名词单数， 提示词build是动词，其名词为building,表示“建筑，建筑物”。故填building。41. It is important to know how to ask for help（polite）.【答案】politely【解析】【详解】句意：知道如何有礼貌地寻求帮助是重要的。根据句意可知，空处修饰动词ask,用副词形式。 politely有礼貌地,故填politely o42. We are（try） to make our city cleaner and more beautiful.【答案】trying【解析】【详解】句意：我们正在努力让城市更整洁、更漂亮。根据“are”可知其后可接动词的现在分词，构成现 在进行时，表示现阶段正在进行的事件。动词try的现在分词为trying。故填trying。（B）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词填空，使短文意思完整、连贯。（每个单词限用一次，有两个多余的单 词）in spirit afford spent period woke summer cost cold successful saw winterDuring the Jin Dynasty （266-420）, there was a child called Che Yin. He was smart and loved to read. He grew up in a poor family and couldn't 43 lamp （灯）oil to study at night.One night, he 44 fireflies （萤火虫）outside his house and came up with an idea. He caught some fireflies and put them 45 a cloth （布）bag and hung the bag up as a lamp. It was said that he 46 all of his summer nights reading like this.Another child named Sun Kang lived during the same 47, At that time, a lot of people loved readingvery much. One night during 48, Sun used up all of his lamp oil and couldn't study at night. When hesuddenly 49 up at midnight, he noticed the thick snow reflecting the moonlight. His first thought was "Oh, I can use the reflected light to read!” He still took out his books and read, even if it was very 50.Both of the kids later became 51 government officers. People were touched by their hard-working52. Their stories inspired （启发）the Chinese idiom（成语）nangying yingxue, or "to read by the light ofbagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow”.【答案】43. afford 44. saw 45. in46. spent 47. period48. winter 49. woke50. cold 51. successful52. spirit【解析】【导语】本文介绍了两个读书人发奋读书的故事，一个是车胤用萤火虫来读书，一个是孙康利用雪的反光 来读书。【43题详解】句意：他在一个贫穷的家庭长大，买不起灯油来晚上学习。根据“He grew up in a poor family andcouldnt.Jamp （灯）oil to study at night.”可知，家里很穷，所以买不起灯油，afford“买得起”，情态动词后用 动词原形，故填afford o【44题详解】句意：一天晚上，他看到屋外有萤火虫，于是想到了一个主意。根据“he.freflies （萤火虫）outsidehis house”可知，看到屋外的萤火虫，saw“看见”符合语境，故填saw。【45题详解】句意：他抓了几只萤火虫，把它们放在一个布袋里，把布袋挂起来当灯。根据"put thema cloth （布）bag” 可知，将萤火虫放在布袋里，in“在中”符合语境，故填in。【46题详解】句意：据说他夏天所有的夜晚都是这样读书的。根据“It was said that he.all of his summer nights reading like this.”可知，夏天的所有夜晚都是这样读书的，spent"花费”符合语境，故填spent。47题详解】句意：另一个名叫孙康的孩子也生活在同一时期。根据“Another child named Sun Kang lived during thesame”可知，车胤和孙康生活在同一时期，period"阶段，时期”符合语境，故填period。48题详解】句意：冬天的一个晚上，孙用完了所有的灯油，晚上不能学习了。根据“he noticed the thick snow”可知,冬 天有雪，winter“冬天”符合语境，故填winter。【49题详解】句意：当他在半夜突然醒来时，他注意到反射着月光的厚厚的雪。根据“When he suddenlyup at midnight” 可知，半夜醒来，woke"醒来”符合语境，故填woke。【50题详解】句意：即使天气很冷，他还是拿出书来读。联系上下文可知，冬天很冷，但是孙康还是在雪中读书， cokT寒冷的"符合语境，故填cold。51题详解】句意：这两个孩子后来都成为了成功的政府官员。此处需要形容词作定语修饰government, successful"成 功的''符合语境，故填successful o【52题详解】句意:人们被他们勤劳的精神所感动。根据“People were touched by their hard-working”可知，人们被他们 勤劳的精神所感动，spirit“精神”符合语境，故填spirit。五、任务型阅读（每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，回答短文后所提出的问题。Mike and Dave lived in a small village far from the city. One Sunday morning, they walked in the forest and found a big, deep hole. Mike looked at it and said, "Wow! That looks deep.” "It sure does J said Dave. “Let's drop some stones into the hole. We can count until we hear the stones hit the bottom." They threw some stones and waited. There was no sound.Mike said, "Wow! That is really deep. Lefs throw some big rocks down there. Those should make a noise/9 So they picked up a few soccer-sized rocks and threw them into the hole. Again, they heard nothing. They looked at each other in surprise. Mike found a big log （木头）.He got an idea. "Help me carry that log,“ he said. Finally, they carried the heavy log together and dropped it into the hole. Still, no sound.Suddenly, out of the forest, a sheep showed up, running like the wind. It rushed towards the two boys, and then right past them. All of a sudden, it jumped into the air and down the hole. Mike and Dave looked at each other. “What just happened? asked Dave.Before Mike could answer, a farmer came out of the forest, too. "Hey, did you see my sheep just now?” Mike said, “Yes, we did. It's the craziest thing that I've ever seen. It came running like crazy and jumped into that hole! “Nah," said the farmer. "That can't be my sheep. My sheep was chained （被链条拴住）to a big log." Hearing this, Mike and Dave felt guilty （内疚的）.And then.53. Where did Mike and Dave find the deep hole?54. Did Dave help Mike carry the log together?55. How many times did they throw things into the hole?56. Who was the owner of the sheep?57. What do you think Mike and Dave might do next?【答案】53. In the forest./Mike and Dave found the deep hole in the forest./They found the deep hole in the forest./Mike and Dave found it in the forest./They found it in the forest.54 . Yes, he did./Yes.55 . 373 times./Three./Three times./They threw things into the hole 3 times./They threw things into the hole three times.56 . The farmer.57 . They might help the farmer save the sheep./They might say sorry./They might pull the sheep out of the hole.【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了迈克和戴夫发现了一个很深的洞，他们向洞里扔石头或木头，结果不小心把农民 的羊给扔进了洞里。【53题详解】 根据"they walked in the forest and found a big, deep hole,可知，他们在森林里发现了洞穴。故填 In the forest./Mike and Dave found the deep hole in the forest./They found the deep hole in the forest./Mike and Dave found it in the forest./They found it in the forest.【54题详解】 根据 "Finally, they carried the heavy log togetherv 可知，戴夫帮助迈克一起搬木头。故填 Yes, he did./Yes.【55题详解】 根据 "They threw some stones and waited . So they picked up a few soccer-sized rocks and threw them into the hole. . Finally, they carried the heavy log together and dropped it into the hole” 可知，他们一共向洞里扔了三 次东西。故填 3./3 times./Three./Three times./They threw things into the hole 3 times./They threw things into the hole three times.【56题详解】根据"My she叩was chained （被链条拴住）to a big log.”及全文可知，农民的羊被链条拴在木头上，迈克和 戴夫把木头扔进了洞里，所以羊才以不可思议的速度跳进了洞穴，故可推知羊是农民的。故填The farmer. 【57题详解】根据"Hearing this, Mike and Dave felt guilty （内疚的）及全文可知，迈克和戴夫不小心把农民的羊扔进了 洞里，为此他们会向农民抱歉或者帮助农民把羊从洞穴中救出来。故填They might help the farmer save the sheep./They might say sorry./They might pull the sheep out of the hole.六、完成句子（局部翻译每题1分，整句翻译每题2分，共10分） 根据所给中文完成句子翻译，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。58 .多亏了 “双减”政策，学生们可以更好地利用他们的课余时间。the double reduction policy, students can put their free time to good use.【答案】Thanks to#Because of【解析】【详解】“多亏”表示原因，因此可用because of或thanks to这两个介词短语，位于句首，首字母要大 写。故填 Thanks to / Because ofo59 .如今，越来越多的外国朋友对中国的春节感兴趣。Nowadays, more and more foreign friends Chinese Spring Festival.【答案】are interested in#take an interest in#show an interest in【解析】【详解】根据汉语句意提示，“对 感兴趣”可用动词短语be interested in或take an interest in,也可以 用 show an interest in。根据 “Nowadays” 可知该句应用一般现在时，主语 more and more foreign friends 为 复数名词，谓语用动词原形，如果是be动词那么应用are。故填are interested in / take an interest in / show an interest in。60 .无论发生什么，你都要保持冷静。You should no matter what happens.【答案】keep cool#stay cool#keep calm#stay calm#remain cool#remain calm#calm down【解析】【详解】情态动词should后接动词原形。“保持”可用系代词keep、stay或remain,其后接形容词；“冷 静”在此可用形容词cool或calm； “保持冷静”还可以用动词短语calm down。故填keep cool / stay cool / keep calm / stay calm / remain cool / remain calm / calm down。61 .许多青少年钦佩像袁隆平那样的科学家。Many teenagers the scientists like Yuan Longping.【答案】look up to#admire【解析】【详解】lookupto/admire“钦佩”；本句是一般现在时，主语是人称复数，谓语动词用动词原形。故填lookup to/admireo62 .你多久锻炼一次？【答案】 How often do you exercise?/How often do you do exercise?/How often do you take exercise?【解析】【详解】本句是How often引导的特殊疑问句，意为“多久一次"；exercise/do exercise/take exercise“锻炼”;本句是一般现在时，主语是第二人称，句中含实义动词，故将助动词do提前。故填How often do you exercise?/How often do you do exercise?/How often do you take exercise?63 .当鲍勃（Bob）到家时，他的姐姐正在做家务。【答案 J When Bob got / arrived home / reached his home, his sister was doing housework (chores). / His sister was doing housework (chores), when Bob got / arrived home / reached his home. / Bob got / arrived home / reached his home, while his sister was doing housework (chores). / While his sister was doing housework (chores), Bob got / arrived home / reached his home.【解析】【详解】到家：arrive / get / reach home；他的姐姐：his sister；做家务：do housework / choreso结合语境可知，该句的两个动作“到家”和“做家务”分别属于非延续性动词和延续性动词，且动作发生于过去，所以可 以使用when或while引导的时间状语从句。“到家”这个动作使用一般过去时，“做家务”这个动作使用过去 进行时。需要注意的是，when可以跟非延续性动词和延续性动词，但是while后一般只跟延续性动词。故 填 When Bob got / arrived home / reached his home, his sister was doing housework (chores). / His sister was doing housework (chores), when Bob got / arrived home / reached his home. / Bob got / arrived home / reached his home, while his sister was doing housework (chores). / While his sister was doing housework (chores), Bob got / arrived home / reached his home.64 .到目前为止，我学会了单独处理问题。【答案 J So far, I have learned/learnt to deal with the problems (by) myself/on my own/alone.【解析】【详解】so far”到目前为止"；learn”学会"。learn to do sth”学会做某事"；deal with the problems”处理问 题”；（by） myself70nmy own/alone“我自己/单独”；本句是现在完成时，主语是第一人称，助动词用have。故填 So far, I have learned/learnt to deal with the problems (by) myself/on my own/alone.七、书面表达（共20分）65.假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次主题为“用行动温暖世界”的志愿者活动，活动地点在养老院。你打算邀请你校的交换生Peter参加，请你用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动的时间、地点、内容 以及需要做什么准备。写作要求：(1)内容包含以上信息，词数80100；(2)文中已给出内容，不计入总词数；(3)语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(4)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。Dear Peter,How's it going? I'm writing to invite you to join us for the volunteer activity “Acts make the world warm”.Yours,Li Hua