江苏省扬州市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末检测英语试题(含听力)（解析版）.docx

扬州市2020-2021学年度第二学期期末检测试题高一英语（本试卷总分值150分，考试时间120分钟）第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题，每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man doing?A. Waiting for his flight.B. Picking up the woman.C. Seeing off the woman.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M: What took you so long? I thought your flight was supposed to arrive three hours ago!W: Didn't they announce that the flight was delayed?2. How old is the man?A. 38 years old.B. 43 years old.C. 48 years old.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 W: Jack, guess what! That guy we saw working out at the gym is 43 years old!M: Really? Five years older than I am!3. What are the speakers doing?A. Riding a bike.B. Racing.C. Climbing a hill.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Would you like to stop for a rest now?27. What could be the best title for this passage?A. Effect of Melting Ice SheetsB. Ice, Sea and AnimalsC. Greenland and AntarcticaD. Changes of Sea Levels【答案】24.C25. D 26. B 27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰盖融化产生的影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “Covering 5.4 million square miles in Antarctica and 656,000 square miles in Greenland （our two remaining ice sheets today）, an ice sheet is actually a huge land of ice from the Ice Age. These sheets, over thousands of years, form by snow changing into ice over the winter, which doesn't entirely melt during the summer.（覆盖南极洲540万平方英里和格陵兰岛65.6万平方英里（我们今天剩下的两个冰原）的冰盖实际 上是冰河时代的一块巨大的冰陆地。这些冰原经过数千年的时间，在冬天由雪变成冰而形成，在夏天并不 完全融化）”可知，冰盖是一大片存在了几个世纪的冰。应选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “Many of these creatures rely on ice sheets as land for resting, hunting and protection, yet as the size decreases, they are forced out of their homeland in search of other land on which to live. （许多冰原生物依靠冰原作为休息、捕猎和保护的土地，但随着体积的减小，它们被迫离开家园，去寻找其他的陆地生存。）”和文章第三段“In the summer, frozen layers of land melts and releases trapped diseases which bring death to animals.（在夏天，冻土融化，释放出被困住的疾病，给动物带来死亡。）”可知，冰盖 的融化导致动物饥饿和疾病。应选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段 “As a matter of fact, sea levels have risen about eight inches since 1880, three of which we've gained over the last 25 years.（事实上，自1880年以来海平面已经上升了 8英寸，在过去的25 年里上升了 3英寸。）”可推知，近年来，海平面上升得更快。应选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “To understand the effect of ice melting around the world we first have to understand what an ice sheet actually is.（要了解全球冰层融化的影响，我们首先要了解冰盖到底是什么。）” 以及下文对冰盖融化产生的影响的具体描述可知，文章主要介绍了冰盖融化的影响。由此可知，A项“冰盖融化带来的影响”可以作为本文标题。应选A。My last foreign journey before lock down was to Shanghaia place I'd visited nearly 30 years ago. This time, I spotted the hotel I'd stayed in on my first trip and was shocked by how many memories came flooding back. I was astonished at just how much I recognized.Even more amazing was how much the place made me remember. Suddenly I was the “me” from 30 years ago. The design, the decoration, the smell. they were all working together to take me back in time, in rich detail, and with a powerful emotional kick.Buildings often have this power to cause our recall. On a scientific level, it's all about context. What you remember is linked strongly to where you were at the time. So, returning to that physical space helps to bring it back to mind, especially with all the sense factors there to help. Thafs why it can be so difficult to remember something you've learned in one place when you're somewhere else. In an exam hall, fbr example, it's harder to recall information than in the room where you went over lessons.But it's not all about location. Emotional context is equally important. When you revisit somewhere and it reminds you of how you felt in the past, those familiar feelings can bring everything else back.You don't even have to return physically. You can go there in your imagination and still enjoy reconnecting with your past (in exams, I used to "imagine" myself back into my bedroom!).Try it now. Pick a building you feel nostalgic about, and imagine standing there, looking around. If a pleasant detail comes to mind, focus on it for a moment, in case it starts a chain reaction of recall. What can you hear, smell, touch or taste there, too?Most importantly, get yourself into feelings about "being" in this space. You'll create a powerful mental circle: the physical details awaken your feelings, and those feelings bring back more and more details about your past.Start seizing every opportunity you get to revisit meaningful buildings, either fbr real or in your imagination. Ifs a great way to keep your recall alive and your confidence high. And I bet you'll be surprised by just how many memories fall back into place!28. Why does the writer mention the hotel in Shanghai?A. To show his special fondness of it.B. To ask readers to revisit old buildings.C. To introduce the topic of the article.D. To connect old buildings with memories.29. What can we learn from the power of buildings?A. It makes no sense to hold exams in exam halls.B. Emotional context is less important than physical context.C. Physical locations help to bring back one's memories.D. This power can only work with all sense factors.30. What does "nostalgic” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Remembering happy times in the past.B. Hesitating about what to do in a place.C. Looking back on ones' former achievements.D. Showing worries about people and things.31. According to the author, which is the best way to recall memories in a building?A. Repeat your past experiences in various places.B. Set yourself there and catch any memory detail.C. Disconnect your present feelings from past senses.D. Never miss the chance to see meaningful buildings.【答案】28.C29. C 30. A 31. B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了重返旧地有助于帮助人们回忆起往事这一现象。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段 “This time, I spotted the hotel I'd stayed in on my first trip and was shocked by how many memories came flooding back.（这一次，我看到了我第一次旅行时住过的酒店，很多回忆像洪水一样涌 了回来，这让我很震惊）”和第三自然段首句“Buildings often have this power to cause our recall.（建筑物通常 有唤醒回忆的能力）”可推知，作者提到上海酒店的让自己回忆涌现的目的就是为了引出下文中的话题：建 筑物有唤醒回忆的能力。应选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段uBuildings often have this power to cause our recall.（建筑物通常有唤醒HI忆的 能力）"和“What you remember is linked strongly to where you were at the time. So, returning to that physical space helps to bring it back to mind, especially with all the sense factors there to help.（你所记得的与你当时所处的 位置有很大的联系。所以，回到那个物理空间有助于带回记忆，尤其是在所有感观因素参与共同作用的情 况下）”可知，物理空间或物理位置，比方建筑，可以帮助我们找回记忆。应选C项。【30题详解】词义猜想题。根据第六自然段 “Pick a building you feel nostalgic about, and imagine standing there, looking around. If a pleasant detail comes to mind, focus on it for a moment, in case it starts a chain reaction of recall.（选择 一个让你感到nostalgic的建筑，想象自己站在那里，环顾四周。如果一个令人愉快的细节出现在脑海中， 集中注意力一会儿，因为它可能引发一连串的回忆反响）”中“If a pleasant detail comes to mind”可知，你所 选建筑是承载了愉快记忆的地方，所以a building you feel nostalgic about是指能让你回忆起过去美好时光的 建筑，句中nostalgic即“让你回忆起过去美好时光的”。应选A项。31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三自然段 u What you remember is linked strongly to where you were at the time. So, returning to that physical space helps to bring it back to mind（你的记忆与你当时所处的位置有很大的联系。所以，回到 那个物理空间有助于把它带回到脑海中）“和第六自然段"Pick a building you feel nostalgic about, and imagine standing there, looking around. If a pleasant detail comes to mind, focus on it for a moment, in case it starts a chain reaction of recall.（选择一个你怀旧的建筑，想象自己站在那里，环顾四周。如果一个令人愉快的细节出现在 脑海中，集中注意力一会儿，因为它可能引发一连串的回忆反响）”可推知，回忆一栋建筑里的记忆最好的 方法就是的回到那里，重现记忆细节。应选B项。DI got my COVID-19 vaccination （接种疫苗）last Thursday at Strong Memorial Hospital. The University emailed six messages to me, telling me that I was able to schedule a vaccine appointment. To get rid of my needle fear, I turned to Johnson & Johnson's to avoid a second appointment and a second injection（注射）.Getting the vaccine was probably the easiest medical appointment I've ever had. Once I was inside, it took me about five minutes to show someone my ID and wait in line. I was in and out of my appointment in less than 30 minutes.That night, however, the vaccine absolutely kicked my ass. I've heard a variety of stories from different people about the strong reactions, but I was having a bad time. For the next 24 hours, I was achy, had a slight fever, and suffered a pounding headache.I felt terrible. But I'd do it again in a heartbeat.Here are some reasons, both selfish and selfless, why you should get vaccinated as soon as possible.Like everyone else, you probably preferred normal college life over what it's been like for the past year. You probably enjoyed hanging out with friends, without having to worry about masks.Getting vaccinated saves lives. Even the WHO does not know what percentage of the population needs to bevaccinated in order to achieve herd immunity （群体免疫）against COVID-19. But in the case of other common viruses, we typically need around 93% to 95% of the population to be vaccinated, meaning that people who are able to get the vaccine have a duty to do so.I have every reason to believe that I don't need the vaccine. Vm a healthy young adult and I don't have a job that puts me at a high risk, nor do I have any duties that require my in-person presence. Despite all that, I still got the vaccine.There is no excuse. Get vaccinated.32. Why did the author choose Johnson & Johnson's?A. Because the author was informed by the university.B. Because the author was able to get the vaccine.C. Because the author was so afraid of needles.D. Because the author wanted to challenge himself.33. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?A. The author's ass ached because of the vaccine.B. The author was dying from a serious reaction.C. The author was safe and sound like many people.D. The author suffered a lot from the vaccination.34. What can we learn from the passage?A. It took the author quite a long time to get the vaccine.B. It is unnecessary for healthy adults to get vaccinated.C. Getting vaccination is an effective way to beat COVID-19.D. The author's job increases the possibility of catching the virus.35. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?A. To point out the terrible situation of COVID-19 at present.B. To call on people to get vaccinated without any excuse.C. To express the author's appreciation fbr getting vaccinated.D. To share an unforgettable experience of getting vaccinated.【答案】32.C33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自身经历并说明人们需要尽快打新冠疫苗的原因，号召人们 没有任何借口地接种疫苗。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 "To get rid of my needle fear, I turned to Johnson & Johnson's to avoid a second appointment and a second injection（注射）（为了摆脱对针头的恐惧，我求助于强生公司,以避 免第二次预约和第二次注射。）可知，作者选择了强生公司，因为作者很怕针。应选C。【33题详解】词句猜想题。根据第三段第二句和第三句 "I've heard a variety of stories from different people about the strong reactions, but I was having a bad time. For the next 24 hours, I was achy, had a slight fever, and suffered a pounding headache. "（我从不同的人那里听到过各种关于强烈反响的故事，但我当时很难过。 在接下来的24小时里，我感到疼痛，轻微发烧，头痛得厉害。）可知，"That night, however, the vaccine absolutely kicked my ass/?的意思是作者因接种疫苗而吃了很多苦头。应选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第二段第一句和第二句 uGetting vaccinated saves lives. Even the WHO does not know what percentage of the population needs to be vaccinated in order to achieve herd immunity （群体 免疫）against COVID-19.”（接种疫苗可以挽救生命。即使是世界卫生组织也不知道需要接种疫苗以实现群 体免疫C0VID-19的人口比例。）可知，接种疫苗是抗击C0VID-19的有效途径。应选C。【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There is no excuse. Get vaccinated."（没有任何借口。接种疫苗。）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们没有任何借口地接种疫苗。应选B。第二节七选五阅读 洪5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Things People Do On Monday Mornings Make Them Highly SuccessfulAh, Monday morning. It9s nobody's favorite time of the week. It's when we all have to spring out ofbed and face a new week. But just because that Monday morning alarm clock is a rude awakening, that doesn't mean you can't make the most of those early hours. Here are a few things people do to start their weeks right.They don't hit the pause button.36 Whoever invented the pause button should be given a Nobel Prize. However, though we all likethat chance to catch a few extra Z's, repeatedly hitting the button finally does more harm than good. Do your best to get up right when your alarm goes off.They leave behind a tidy house.Monday can be very busy, so it is likely to leave things laying around the house or those dirty dishes in the sink all day. However, there's an even bigger possibility you won't want to take care of any of that stuff when you get home, either.37 It'll only take a 伯w minutes, and you'll thank yourself once you return later in the day.They make a to-do listTo-do lists are great. They keep you on track and make you responsible for getting all of the work done. Make one on your computer, one on your phone, one on a sticky note on your desk. So you'll know what you need to get done and in what order.3839Ifs hard to concentrate.40 Try to begin working when you know you won't be interrupted withsomething else. Highly successful people can only be successful if they get their work done, so make sure you're able to do the same.A. Clean up after yourself.B. Everyone loves the button.C. They focus on the task at hand.D. They attend to small things first.E. Remember to cross things off the list they get done.F. That way, you'll be ready to face the day more quickly.G. So rid your work space of anything that may cause you to be less concentrated.【答案】36.B37. A 38. E 39. C 40. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了四件周一早上做会让人非常成功的事情。【36题详解】根据后文 u Whoever invented the pause button should be given a Nobel Prize. However, though we all like that chance to catch a few extra Z?s, repeatedly hitting the button finally does more harm than good. Do your best to get up right when your alarm goes off.（创造暂停按钮的人应该获得诺贝尔奖。然而，尽管我们都喜欢多睡几个小时 的机会，但反复按下按钮最终弊大于利。尽量在闹钟响的时候就起床）”可知，后文提到了暂停按钮应该获 得诺贝尔奖，言外之意是大家喜欢暂停按钮，且B选项中the button对应后文中the pause button。故B选项 “每个人都喜欢这个按钮”符合语境，应选B。【37题详解】根据上文 uMonday can be very busy, so it is likely to leave things laying around the house or those dirty dishes in the sink all day. However, there an even bigger possibility you won't want to take care of any of that stuff when you get home, either.（周一可能会很忙，所以很可能会把东西乱扔在房子里，或者把脏盘子一整天都放在水槽里。 然而，更有可能的是,当你回家时，你也不想处理这些事情）”以及后文“It'll only take a few minutes, and you91! thank yourself once you return later in the day.（这只需要几分钟,当你晚些时候回来的时候，你会感谢自 己）”可知，上文提到回家不想处理家里脏乱的事物，可推测本句承接上文说明清理好这些事情，故A选项 “自己清理”符合语境，应选A。【38题详解】根据上文 “To-do lists are great. They keep you on track and make you responsible for getting all of the work done. Make one on your computer, one on your phone, one on a sticky note on your desk. So you'll know what you need to get done and in what order.（待办事项清单很棒。他们让你保持正轨，让你负责完成所有的工作。一个在你的 电脑上，一个在你的手机上，一个在你的便利贴上。这样你就会知道你需要做什么以及按照什么顺序去做）” 可知，上文提到写待办事项清单，可推测本句作者建议列出要做的事情清单并且在完成后划去已经完成的 任务。E选项中the list对应上文中To-do lists。故E选项“记住把他们完成的事情从清单上划掉”符合语境, 应选Eo【39题详解】根据后文 “It's hard to concentrat已（专注很难）”以及 “Try to begin working when you know you won't be interrupted with something else. Highly successful people can only be successful if they get their work done, so make sure you9re able to do the s