短暂性动词和延续性动词.ppt

短暂性动词短暂性动词和和延续性动词延续性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 oclock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I havent left here for 3 years. I havent heard from him for 3 weeks.短暂性动词也称做终止性动词、非延续性动词短暂性动词也称做终止性动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词，表示动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就或瞬间动词，表示动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就结束的动作结束的动作常见的短暂性动词有常见的短暂性动词有：come, go, arrive, come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, become, borrow, get upbecome, borrow, get up等等 用法：用法：、它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结 果还存在果还存在e.g.e.g. He has come back. He has come back. The film has begun. The film has begun.2 2、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连、这类动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连 用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用，但在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以 用表示一段时间的状语来修饰用表示一段时间的状语来修饰e.g.e.g. I havent heard from Uncle Wang for a long I havent heard from Uncle Wang for a long time.time. We havent seen him since 1992. We havent seen him since 1992. She hasnt left home all her life. She hasnt left home all her life.3 3、还可改用一般过去时来表达、还可改用一般过去时来表达e.g.e.g. He He camecame back back a week agoa week ago. .4 4、也可用、也可用“It is It is 一段时间一段时间sincesince”句句型型 来表达来表达e.g.e.g. It is It is a weeka week sincesince he came back. he came back.非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要非延续性动词可以转换成延续性动词，主要有以下几种：有以下几种：、用相应的延续性动词；、用相应的延续性动词；buybuy - - havehave, , borrowborrow - - keepkeep, , put onput on - - wearwear, , catch/getcatch/get a cold - a cold - havehave a cold, a cold, come/go/becomecome/go/become - - bebe. .、转换成、转换成 bebe名词名词; ;joinjoin the Party - the Party - bebe a Party member, a Party member,joinjoin the army - the army - bebe a soldier, a soldier,gogo to school - to school - bebe a student. a student. 、转换成、转换成be + be + 介词短语介词短语 : :gogo to school - to school - be inbe in school, school,joinjoin the army - the army - be inbe in the army. the army.、转换成、转换成be + adj./adv.be + adj./adv. : :die - be dead, die - be dead, finish - be over,finish - be over,begin/start - be on, begin/start - be on, leave (leave () - be away (from),) - be away (from),close - be closed, close - be closed, open - be open,open - be open,fall asleep - be asleep.fall asleep - be asleep.巩固练习巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词）：（同义转换，每空一词）.Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.Li Lei joined the Party three years ago. Li Lei Li Lei the Party the Party three years ago. three years ago. Li Lei Li Lei the Party the Party three years. three years. three years three years Li Lei joined the Party. Li Lei joined the Party. Three years Three years Li Lei joined the Party. Li Lei joined the Party.2.My father left Gucheng last week. 2.My father left Gucheng last week. My father My father Gucheng Gucheng last week. last week. My father My father Gucheng Gucheng a week. a week.3.The factory opened in 1996.3.The factory opened in 1996. The factory The factory ten years. ten years. The factory The factory since 1996. since 1996.has been inhas been insincesincehas been inhas been inforforItIts ssincesincehas passed sincehas passed sincehas been away fromhas been away fromsincesincehas been away fromhas been away fromforforhas been open forhas been open forhas been openhas been open4. His grandfather died five years ago.4. His grandfather died five years ago. His grandfather His grandfather since since . . His grandfather His grandfather five years. five years. five years five years his grandfather died. his grandfather died. Five years Five years his grandfather died. his grandfather died.5. Mr. Wang reached Beijing five days ago.5. Mr. Wang reached Beijing five days ago. Mr. Wang Mr. Wang Beijing Beijing five days ago. five days ago. Mr. Wang Mr. Wang Beijing Beijing five days. five days.6. The film began ten minutes ago.6. The film began ten minutes ago. The film The film for for . . The film The film since since . .has been deadhas been deadfive years agofive years agohas been dead forhas been dead forItsItssincesincehas passed sincehas passed sincehas been inhas been insincesincehas been inhas been inforforhas been onhas been onten minutesten minuteshas been onhas been onten minutes agoten minutes ago7. My father bought a new car two years ago. My father _ _ a new car _ two years. My father _ _ a new car _ two years ago.8.Tom borrowed this book four days ago. Tom _ _ this book _ four days. Tom _ _ this book _ four days ago.9. Jim joined the League last yeas. Jim _ _ a League member _ a year. Jim _ _ _ the League _ last year.10. They came to China ten years ago. They _ _ _ China _ ten years. They _ _ _ China _ ten years ago.11. My son fell asleep half an hour ago. My son _ _ _ for _ _ _. My son _ _ _ since _ _ _ _. has hadhas hadforforhas hadhas hadsincesincehas kepthas keptforhas kepthas keptsincesincehas beenhas beenforforhas been inhas been insincesincehave been inhave been inforforhave been inhave been insincesincehas been asleephas been asleephalf an hourhalf an hourhas been asleephas been asleephalf an hour agohalf an hour ago