大英3复习资料(5页).doc

-大英3复习资料-第 5 页完形填空 BookIIIUnit 1 In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the Impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. Unit 2 social an thropologists childrenSocial anthropologists社会人类学家ask questions about how childhood, and the role of children儿童扮演的角色, is seen within the communities they study在他们所研究的族群里, rather than how it fits into Western ideas如何符合西方的观念about childhood. By doing this they seek to avoid imposing强加给outside ideas onto people with very different understandings of the world or of making value judgments 作价值观方面的判断on other peoples ways of raising their children养育孩子. While Westerners might take exception to eight- year-old girls working or to 12-year-old girls marrying, within their own communities such activities are seen as a normal and positive part积极的常态of childhood Indeed, seen through the eyes of non-Westerners, many “normal“ Western childcare practices 西方育儿方式are seen as extremely bizarre 极其怪异and possibly harmful to children. Placing children in rooms of their own, refusing to feed them on demand想吃东西的时候不给他们吃, or letting them cry rather than immediately tending to them不赶快去安抚他们, are viewed very negatively in many societies在很多社会里都是不对的and lead some to think that Westerners dont know how to look after children properly.Unit 3 third plane on which musicThe third plane on which music exists is the sheerly musical plane. Besides the pleasurable sound of music and the expressive feeling that it gives off, music does exist in terms of the notes themselves and of their manipulation. Most listeners are not sufficiently conscious of this third plane. It is very important for all of us to become more alive to music on its sheerly musical plane. After all, an actual musical material is being used. The intelligent listener must be prepared to increase his awareness of the musical material and what happens to it. He must hear the melodies, the rhythms, the harmonies the tone colors in a more conscious fashion. But above all he must, in order to follow the line of the composer's thought, know something of the principles of musical form. Listening to all of these elements is listening on the sheerly musical plane.Unit 4 Golden memories(13) I can still vaguely recall the men who built the walls, and raised the roof, even though it was many families ago. The master from the manor house over the way needed a lodge for his grounds man to live, and found a clearing in the huge orchard which ran up and down the hills. He sent workmen to haul the golden stone from the local quarry and they spent three months constructing two cottages in the park.I only see my neighbour side-on. Ive never seen him from the front, but I do know that strangely, although were identical, were the exact opposite of each other, with my front door facing east and my neighbours facing west, my bedroom in the back over his kitchen, my kitchen under his bedroom in the front. I think Im the lucky one because each morning, my stone gleams in the sunlight.The groundsman tended the orchards and the gardens around the manor house so the trees in autumn were always bowed down with apples and pears, and as the days grew shorter the land around was teeming with helpers picking the fruit and rounding up the windfalls to take to the manor house, or to market in town down the way.Unit 5 Dinner atThe appointment meant Josh wouldn't get home until after Christmas. He was not, however, unhappy. He was meeting Jo Rogers, the Senior senator for Connecticut, and one of the best-known faces in the US. Senator Rogers was a Democrat in her third term of office, who knew Capitol Hill inside out but who had nevertheless managed to keep her credibility with her voters as a Washington outsider. She was pro-abortion, anti-corruption, pro-low carbon emissions and anti-capital punishment, as fine a progressive liberal as you could find this side of the Atlantic. Talk show hosts called her Honest Senator Jo, and a couple of years ago, Time magazine had her in the running for Woman of the Year. It was election time in the following year, and the word was she was going to run for the Democratic nomination. Rogers had met Josh in DC, thought him highly competent, and had invited him to dinner.Unit 6 festivals (1113)So the problem is not Western culture, or what we generally associate with it. The problem is those who are blinded by everything Western. We have to find out why more and more Chinese, especially the youngsters, feel at one with Western festivals as much as they do with the Chinese ones. But thankfully our festivals have lost none of their charm. And here is where the alarm bells sounded by scholars and students come in.I can understand the zeal of these people. They want to conserve our culture, and that definitely doesnt make them what we generally refer to as “conservatives”. They have a point. But they, or for that matter anybody else, cannot save any society from the influence of a world getting smaller by the day.So instead of trying to shut our eyes and ears to Western festivals, we should accept the goodness they offer and practice what they stand for. And lets not forget that Jesus was not born in the West but the East (the Middle East, to be precise), and he preached love for mankind and help for the poor.Unit 7 heroes PicciotoPicciotto was the highest ranking firefighter to survive the attack. The chief of the department, the first deputy and the chief of rescue operations had all been killed. Altogether the death toll included 343 firefighters and more than 3,000 civilians .Picciotto tells the story in his book Last Man Down. He uses a dramatic first person style which gives the reader an idea of the nightmare and the chaotic confusion of one of the darkest days in the history of the United States, the tragedy now known to the world simply as 9/11, but a day of utmost humanity and heroism too. Published in 2002, the book became an immediate best-seller, which the author wrote in gratitude, and intended as a tribute to, his decent and trustworthy comrades who gave their lives. Its also a testimony to his leadership skills. As he says, “People call us heroes, but we were just doing our job.” Unit 8(1214)Urban myths have the characteristics common to all myths: They often record events, people believe in them, they have been passed on by word of mouth and exaggerated, they often contain a moral or warn of possible dangers in particular situations or contexts, and they advise people what to do or how to behave.In their way, for listeners in the 21st century, they are just as real as the myths of the Greeks, Romans, Celts, Vikings, Mesopotamians and Chinese from years gone by.But the one difference is that true myths always feature gods or heroic near-gods or stories about the creation of the world and its natural phenomena such as lightning or sacred mountains.In contrast, urban myths are more mundane. The London Subterraneans are far from god-like, neither the hitchhiker nor the driver is heroic, the New York alligators dont symbolize natural phenomena, and while the story of the hapless businessman may be a cautionary tale, it hardly acts as a model for heroic behavior.