实验6PLSQL程序设计(17页).doc

-实验6 PLSQL程序设计-第 17 页实验6 PL/SQL程序设计1 实验目的(1) 掌握PL/SQL程序开发方法。(2) 掌握存储过程、函数、触发器、包的创建于调用。2 实验要求(1) 根据图书销售系统业务要求创建特定的存储过程、函数、触发器。(2) 根据图书销售系统业务要求将图书销售系统相关的函数、存储过程封装到包里。3 实验步骤以bs用户登录BOOKSALES数据库，利用PL/SQL程序编写下列功能模块。(1) 创建一个存储过程，输出不同类型图书的数量、平均价格。SQL> create or replace procedure proc_category_static 2 as 3 -定义游标，获取当前有哪些图书种类 4 cursor c_all_category is select distinct category from books; 5 -图书的平均价格 6 v_avg_cost number; 7 begin 8 -保存图书种类 9 for v_each_category in c_all_category LOOP 10 select avg(retail) into v_avg_cost from books where category=v_each_category.category group by category; 11 dbms_output.put_line('种类为：'|v_each_category.category|',平均价格为：'| v_avg_cost); 12 END LOOP; 13 end proc_category_static; 14 /(2) 创建一个存储过程，以客户号为参数，输出该客户订购的所有图书的名称与数量。create or replace procedure proc_get_orderinfo( 2 p_customer_id customers.customer_id%type) 3 as 4 -声明游标存储客户的订单号 5 cursor c_orderid is select order_id from orders where customer_id=p_customer_id; 6 v_orderid orders.order_id%type; 7 -声明游标存储订单信息 8 cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, sum(quantity) totalnum from orderitem where order_id=v_orderid group by ISBN; 9 -保存图书的书名 10 v_title books.title%type; 11 12 begin 13 open c_orderid; 14 LOOP 15 fetch c_orderid into v_orderid; 16 exit when c_orderid%NOTFOUND; 17 for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP 18 select title into v_title from books where ISBN=v_orderitem.ISBN; 19 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(p_customer_id|'订购'|v_title|'的数量是'|v_orderitem.totalnum); 20 end LOOP; 21 end LOOP; 22 close c_orderid; 23 end proc_get_orderinfo; 24 /exec proc_get_orderinfoo(1001);(3) 创建一个存储过程，以订单号为参数，输出该订单中所有图书的名称、单价、数量。create or replace procedure proc_get_orderinfoo( p_order_id orderitem.order_id%type)as -声明游标存储订单号的ISBN cursor c_ISBN is select ISBN from orderitem where order_id=p_order_id; v_ISBN orderitem.ISBN%type; -声明游标存储订单信息 cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN,sum(quantity) totalnum from orderitem where ISBN=v_ISBN ; v_title books.title%type; v_retail books.retail%type;begin open c_ISBN; LOOP fetch c_ISBN into v_ISBN; exit when c_ISBN%NOTFOUND; for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP select title,retail into v_title,v_retail from books where ISBN=v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(p_order_id|v_title|v_retail|v_orderitem.totalnum); end LOOP; end LOOP; close c_ISBN;end proc_get_orderinfoo;(4) 创建一个存储过程，以出版社名为参数，输出该出版社出版的所有图书的名称、ISBN、批发价格、零售价格信息。create or replace procedure proc_get_name( p_title books.title%type)as cursor c_orderid is select order_id from orders where customer_id=p_customer_id; v_orderid orders.order_id%type; cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, sum(quantity) totalnum from orderitem where order_id=v_orderid group by ISBN; v_title books.title%type;begin open c_orderid; LOOP fetch c_orderid into v_orderid; exit when c_orderid%NOTFOUND; for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP select title into v_title from books where ISBN=v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(p_customer_id|''|v_title|'的数量是'|v_orderitem.totalnum); end LOOP; end LOOP; close c_orderid;end proc_get_orderinfo;set serveroutput ondeclarev_customer number;beginv_customer :=&x;proc_get_orderinfo(v_customer);end;(5) 创建一个存储过程，输出每个客户订购的图书的数量、价格总额。create or replace procedure proc_category_staticas cursor c_all_category is select distinct category from books; v_sum_cost number;begin for v_each_category in c_all_category LOOP select sum(retail) into v_sum_cost from books where category=v_each_category.category group by category; dbms_output.put_line('种类为：'|v_each_category.category|',总价格为：'| v_sum_cost); END LOOP;end proc_category_static;set serveroutput onexec proc_category_static;(6) 创建一个存储过程，输出销售数量前3名的图书的信息及销售名次。create or replace procedure proc_category_staticas cursor c_all_category is select distinct category from books; v_sum_retail number;begin for v_each_category in c_all_category LOOP select sum(cost) into v_sum_retail from books where category=v_each_category.category group by category; dbms_output.put_line('种类为：'|v_each_category.category|',数量为：'| v_sum_retail); END LOOP;end proc_category_static;set serveroutput onexec proc_category_static; (7) 创建一个存储过程，输出订购图书数量最多的客户的信息及订购图书的数量。(8) 创建一个存储过程，输出各类图书中销售数量最多的图书的信息及销售的数量。(9) 创建一个包，实现查询客户订购图书详细信息的分页显示。create or replace procedure proc_title_staticas cursor c_all_title is select distinct title from books; v_sum_retail number;begin for v_each_title in c_all_title LOOP select sum(cost) into v_sum_retail from books where title=v_each_title.title group by title; dbms_output.put_line('信息为：'|v_each_title.title|',数量为：'| v_sum_retail); END LOOP;end proc_title_static;(10) 创建一个包，利用集合实现图书销售排行榜的分页显示。(11) 创建一个包，包含一个函数和一个过程。函数以图书类型为参数，返回该类型图书的平均价格。过程输出各种类型图书中价格高于同类型图书平均价格的图书信息。create or replace package pkg_bookas function get_book_avgcost(p_book_category BOOKS.category%type) return number; procedure pro_showbook(p_book_category BOOKS.category%type);end;create or replace package body pkg_bookas function get_book_avgcost(p_book_category BOOKS.category%type) return number as v_ISBN BOOKS.ISBN%type; cursor c_books is select retail from BOOKS where ISBN=v_ISBN; v_sumcost number(6,2):=0; v_count number(6) :=0; v_avgcost number :=0; v_book_category varchar2(10); begin select ISBN into v_ISBN from BOOKS where category=v_book_category; for v_retail in c_books LOOP v_count:=v_count+1; v_sumcost:= v_sumcost+v_retail.retail; end LOOP; v_avgcost:=v_sumcost/v_count; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_book_category| '-'|v_avgcost); return v_avgcost; end; procedure pro_showbook(p_book_category BOOKS.category%type) as v_book_category varchar2(10); cursor c_books is select * from BOOKS where retail>=get_book_avgcost(v_book_category); begin for v_books in c_books loop dbms_output.put_line(v_books.ISBN|' '|v_books.title|' '|v_books.author|' '|v_books.pubdate|' '|v_books.publisher_id|' '|v_books.retail); end loop; end;end;set serveroutput ondeclare p_book_category BOOKS.category%type; avgcost number;begin p_book_category:='管理' avgcost:=pkg_book.get_book_avgcost(p_book_category); pkg_book.pro_showbook('管理');end;(12) 创建一个触发器，当客户下完订单后，自动统计该订单所有图书价格总额。create or replace package order_total_costas v_order_id orders.order_id%type;end;create or replace trigger trg_before_orderbefore insert on ORDERS for each rowbegin order_total_cost.v_order_id:=:new.order_id;end;set serveroutput oncreate or replace trigger trg_orderafter insert on ORDERitem declare cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, quantity from orderitem where order_id=order_total_cost.v_order_id; v_ISBN orderitem.ISBN%type; v_quantity orderitem.quantity%type; v_cost books.cost%type; v_sumcost number(6,2):=0;begin for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP if v_orderitem.quantity >10 then select cost into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('1-'|v_cost|':'|v_orderitem.ISBN); elsif v_orderitem.quantity<=10 then select retail into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('2-'|v_cost|':'|v_orderitem.ISBN); else DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number of book is error!'); end if; v_sumcost:= v_sumcost+v_orderitem.quantity*v_cost; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('3*'|'now v_sumcost is'|v_sumcost); end LOOP;end;(13) 创建一个触发器，禁止客户在非工作时间（早上8:00之前，晚上17:00之后）下订单。(14) 创建一个函数，以客户号为参数，返回该客户订购图书的价格总额。 create or replace function get_sumcost( v_customer_id customers.customer_id%type)return numberas cursor c_orderid is select order_id from orders where customer_id=v_customer_id; v_orderid orders.order_id%type; cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, quantity from orderitem where order_id=v_orderid; v_ISBN orderitem.ISBN%type; v_quantity orderitem.quantity%type; v_cost books.cost%type; v_sumcost number(6,2):=0;begin open c_orderid; LOOP fetch c_orderid into v_orderid; exit when c_orderid%NOTFOUND; for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP if v_orderitem.quantity >10 then select cost into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('1-'|v_cost|v_orderitem.ISBN); elsif v_orderitem.quantity<=10 then select retail into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('2-'|v_cost|v_orderitem.ISBN); else DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number of book is error!'); end if; v_sumcost:= v_sumcost+v_orderitem.quantity*v_cost; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('3*'|v_sumcost); end LOOP; end LOOP; close c_orderid; return v_sumcost;end get_sumcost;set serveroutput ondeclarev_totalMoney BOOKS.cost%type; v_customer number;beginv_customer :=&x;v_totalMoney:=get_sumcost(v_customer);dbms_output.put_line(v_customer|'的购买总额是'|v_totalMoney);end;(15) 创建一个函数，以订单号为参数，返回该订单订购图书的价格总额。(16) 创建一个函数，以出版社名为参数，返回该出版社出版的图书的平均价格。create or replace function get_pub_avgcost( v_pub_name publishers.name%type)return numberas v_pub_id publishers.publisher_id%type; cursor c_books is select retail from books where publisher_id=v_pub_id; v_sumcost number(6,2):=0; v_count number(6) :=0;begin select publisher_id into v_pub_id from publishers where name=v_pub_name; for v_retail in c_books LOOP v_count:=v_count+1; v_sumcost:= v_sumcost+v_retail.retail; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_count| '-'|v_sumcost); end LOOP; return v_sumcost;end get_pub_avgcost;set serveroutput ondeclarev_avgMoney BOOKS.cost%type; v_pubname publishers.name%type;beginv_pubname :=&x;v_avgMoney:=get_pub_avgcost(v_pubname);dbms_output.put_line(v_pubname|'的出版图书的平均价格是'|v_avgMoney);end;(17) 创建一个函数，以客户号为参数，返回该客户可以获得的礼品名称。create or replace function get_gift( v_customer_id customers.customer_id%type)return numberas cursor c_orderid is select order_id from orders where customer_id=v_customer_id; v_orderid orders.order_id%type; cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, quantity from orderitem where order_id=v_orderid; v_ISBN orderitem.ISBN%type; v_quantity orderitem.quantity%type; v_cost books.cost%type; v_gift number(6,2):=0;begin open c_orderid; LOOP fetch c_orderid into v_orderid; exit when c_orderid%NOTFOUND; for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP if v_orderitem.quantity >10 then select cost into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('1-'|v_cost|v_orderitem.ISBN); elsif v_orderitem.quantity<=10 then select retail into v_cost from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('2-'|v_cost|v_orderitem.ISBN); else DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number of book is error!'); end if; v_gift:= v_gift+v_orderitem.quantity*v_cost; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('3*'|v_gift); end LOOP; end LOOP; close c_orderid; return v_gift;end get_gift;set serveroutput ondeclarev_totalMoney BOOKS.cost%type; v_customer number;beginv_customer :=&x;v_totalMoney:=get_sumcost(v_customer);dbms_output.put_line(v_customer|'的礼物是'|v_totalMoney);end;(18) 创建一个函数，以图书号为参数，统计该图书被订购的总数量。create or replace function get_sumnum( v_customer_id customers.customer_id%type)return numberas cursor c_orderid is select order_id from orders where customer_id=v_customer_id; v_orderid orders.order_id%type; cursor c_orderitem is select ISBN, quantity from orderitem where order_id=v_orderid; v_ISBN orderitem.ISBN%type; v_quantity orderitem.quantity%type; v_retail books.retail%type; v_sumnum number(6,2):=0;begin open c_orderid; LOOP fetch c_orderid into v_orderid; exit when c_orderid%NOTFOUND; for v_orderitem in c_orderitem LOOP if v_orderitem.quantity >10 then select retail into v_retail from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('1-'|v_retail|v_orderitem.ISBN); elsif v_orderitem.quantity<=10 then select retail into v_retail from books where ISBN = v_orderitem.ISBN; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('2-'|v_retail|v_orderitem.ISBN); else DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('number of book is error!'); end if; v_sumnum:= v_sumnum+v_orderitem.quantity*v_retail; DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('3*'|v_sumnum); end LOOP; end LOOP; close c_orderid; return v_sumnum;end get_sumnum;set serveroutput ondeclarev_totalMoney BOOKS.cost%type; v_customer number;beginv_customer :=&x;v_totalMoney:=get_sumnum(v_customer);dbms_output.put_line(v_customer|'的数量是'|v_totalMoney);end;4 实验总结本次实验难度大，代码多，锻炼了我的代码的书写能力和逻辑思维能力，实验过程遇到许多的困难，通过上网查询和求助同学最终将大部分问题解决。