2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习--必修第一册　Unit 3　阅读题组——练速度.docx

2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习必修第一册 Unit 3阅读题组练速度I .阅读AOn a rainy afternoon,maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely,allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy,a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place.Thirty years later,a young man interviewed survivors from the conference,trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences.This novel,by a well-known Argentine writer,explores art,crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air .by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six,Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断)with stage IV lung cancer.One day he was a doctor treating the dying,and the next he was a patient.This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question "What makes a life worth living?”.To Kill a Mockingbirdy Harper LeeSet in a small Alabama town in the 1930s,the story focuses on an honest,highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson,a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me:A True (as Told to Me) Story by Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety.In this book,Bobby is speaking to Bess once more,in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women.They include Bobby? s mother,who traveled alone from Belarus to America to survive,and Bess' s mother,who always fought against convention.1 .What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books. D.History books.2 .Which book explores life and death?A.77? Kill a MockingbirdB. When Breath Becomes AirC.Don / t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets D.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me:A True (as Told to Me) Story 3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell. B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess" s mother. D.Bobby' s mother.BHow does a brilliant teacher get that way?The question of how they developed has as many answers as there are inspired instructors.One example is an original and charming woman who has become one of the best ever at taking disadvantaged students to a new level.Jackson was born in Altoona.Her father was a construction worker.When she was in the eighth grade,her father died.Her principal,Mrs.Brown,said not to worry about schoolwork for a while.That upset her.Her father would not have wanted her to do anything but her best.He always said,“Don' t let your first failure be the reason for your next.”Jackson was an accomplished shooting guard in basketball and a star sprinter on the track team,running the quarter-mile in 57 seconds.She thought she might become a sports broadcaster.She gave no thought to teaching until a friend took her to an introduction to a program,which placed novice instructors in schools full of low-income children.Jackson liked the idea of giving back,as well as the chance to have some of her student loans forgiven.She is a big sports person,and that is how she connects with lots of kids.She couldn' t motivate children until she knew what was bothering or pleasing them."Students learn from people who love them," she said/'They will be motivated and inspired to learn if they know deep down that you care about them." In class she gave basketball tickets to students who were doing their work.At weekly drawings they could win sticky notes,pencils or other small prizes.She helped create after-school clubs.A tall student said to her/T m a baller.I heard you play ball .'There was a basketball league in Paterson,but the school didn' t have a team.Jackson started one with support from local business executives.The student,Essence Carson,went to Rutgers University,was a first-round draft(运发动选拔制)selection for the WNBA' s New York Liberty and now plays for the Connecticut Sun.4 .Why did Mrs.Brown? s words upset Jackson?A.Her father just passed away.B.She was taught to do her best.C.Her first failure led to another one.D.She was concerned about her grades.5 .What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A.The way Jackson became a teacher.B.The dream job Jackson desired.C.The student loans Jackson owed.D.The athletics Jackson did well in.6 .Why did Jackson give small prizes to her students in class?A.To connect with them.B.To please or bother them.C.To encourage them to learn.D.To show her love to them.7 .What can we infer from the last paragraph?AJackson founded a school team in Paterson alone.BJackson played in the basketball league in Paterson.C.Jackson selected Essence to play for WNBA' s New York Liberty.D.Jackson should take some credit for Essence? s professional career.CThe rise of the machines was always going to come at a cost,as each wave of technology destroys what has been put in place.The fast pace of technological development in the areas of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots is causing massive changes in the finance industry.The effect is already being felt on Wall Street,where there have been far-reaching and significant changes.Many investment banks and big institutions (机构),in order to cut costs and meanwhile increase the amount of work,use AI to take on financial tasks usually done by humans,such as wealth management,operations,risk management and trading,where robots carry out 50% to 60% market trades,according to CNN.The preference for technology over human traders results from the inability of the vast majority of traders to act consistently reasonably when they? re trading.Often,people fail to control themselves,allowing emotions to get in the way of their thoughts and actions.Machines don' t suffer from these psychological issues when a major trading decision is being made.This is because they remove emotions from short-term trading activity,allowing for a more objective approach to trading.Artificial intelligence and robotics are fast advancing in the investment sector,where their unbelievable abilities to learn and think will eventually make them the most advanced and complex investment systems capable of helping corporations to make more effective choices.Activities such as calculations based on structured data and other repetitive support tasks are well-suited for robots.While AI is probably the most powerful technology today,its ability to perform complex tasks is limited.Trading machines can only learn historical data and trade patterns.However,stock market behavior changes all the time and computers can be less skilled in the face of unexpected market performance.Humans can easily adjust themselves to these changes.Getting the robots to do the same,however,will require changing their algorithms （算法）,which can be too expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,humans will always be a step ahead and remain useful.8 .Why do many institutions use AI to replace human employees?A.To show a preference for new technology.B.To promote working productivity.C.To expand the application of AL D.To increase the safety of work.9 .What advantage do machines have over humans?A.They are hardly disturbed by moods.B.They can make subjective decisions. C.They are far more loyal to their jobs. D.They can perform complex tasks.10 .Which of the following can best describe the underlined word "structured in Paragraph 4?A.Advanced in a pattern.B.Repeated in a task.C.Complicated in data.D.Fixed in a system.11 .What will happen in the future according to the last paragraph? A.There will be an obvious rise in skilled workers.B.AI can create all-around profits at a little cost.C.Humans still have a place in the job market.D.Robots shall replace man at high speed.DThink of the last time you disagreed with another person.Maybe you argued with a sibling （兄弟;姊妹）over what to watch on TV.Or perhaps you tried to convince grown-ups that ice cream makes a better dinner than vegetables.How did your disagreement end?Were you able to see the issue from the other person' s viewpoint?In many situations,disagreements are unavoidable.They? re part of life.After all,everyone has different opinions.We all have past experiences that shape how we see the world.Still,not all disagreements are bad.In fact,many people look at them as opportunities to leam.They do so by trying to understand where both sides are coming from.How can you understand both sides of an issue?Often,it? s best to start by asking questions.Questions help us learn about the world around us.The right questions can also help us learn about other people.In a disagreement,asking for more information can help you learn about a person' s viewpoint.lt can also lead you to gather more facts.This can paint a better picture of the entire issue.When seeking to understand both sides of an issue,it? s important to know the difference between facts and opinions.Remember,facts are based on true information.Opinions can change from person to person.Paying attention to facts can stop biases （偏见）from taking over in a disagreement.This can help everyone involved see both sides of the issue.Maybe you' re wondering why it' s important to understand both sides of an issue,anyway. After all,don, t most people just want to prove that their side is right?Often,that? s true.However,understanding the whole issue can lead to both sides working together.Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first.However,when both sides truly try to understand each other,they often find they have more in common than they thought.The next time you disagree with other people,try asking them questions about their viewpoints.You never know what you might learn.12 .What does the underlined word “so" refer to in Paragraph 2?A.Ignoring chances to learn.B.Knowing more about themselves.C.Shaping a right way to see the world.D.Making the disagreements a chance to learn.13 .According to the passage,how can we solve a disagreement?A.By changing the others' opinion.B.By making both sides comfortable.C.By trying to stand in the others' shoes.D.By telling facts and opinions apart.14 .How does the author support his view?A.By reasoning.B.By making comparisons.C.By debating.D.By giving examples.15 .What, s the author' s attitude to people' s arguments?A.Indifferent.B.Pessimistic.C.Positive.D.Skeptical.n.七选五Many hear endlessly how good exercise is for our health,but you might be surprised to know just how good. 1It helps you breathe better.Frequent exercise improves the volume of oxygen you can use in your body .This is what makes you fit and the benefits aren" t limited to sport. 2 Attending some professional courses can build core strength and improve shape,and so strengthen breathing muscles.Physical activity enhances your mental health.Doing something active releases “happy” brain chemicals that make you more positive.The more you do it,the better you' 11 feel.But you do need to work up a bit of a sweat.If you, ve had a bad day,treat yourself to a little bit of exercise. 34The way your guts （内脏）feel often impacts on your mental and physical health.Walking,running and yoga strengthen abdominal （腹部的）muscles,increase the heart rate and encourage your muscles to move digestive waste through your body more efficiently and digest food more quickly.Keeping active keeps you young.There may not be an elixir （灵丹妙药）of youth just yet,but keeping fit comes close.Just 15 minutes of exercise a day for eight years can increase your lifespan by three years.Themore you do,the longer you could live. 5 It can be low-intensity exercise-swimming,a long walk on a running machine at the gym,or a low-intensity workout via special APPs. A.It aids your digestion.B.It gives you a better appetite.C.Increased muscle strength helps too.D.Here are the benefits you can get from exercise.E.This is because physical activity delays cell ageing.F.People think this will catch our attention and inspire our action.G.Power walking or rope skipping is a brilliant stress reliever.答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本可以在休闲时间阅读的英文 书。1.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第一本书简介“In April 1945,Italy,a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place.Thirty years later,a young man interviewed survivors from the conferencejrying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences.This novel,by a well-known Argentine writer,explores art,crime and politics. 可知，这本书讲述了一桩陈年命案的调查故事，是侦探小说。2.B 解析 推理判断题。根据 When Breath Becomes 47,by Paul Kalanithi 局部中的“This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question 'What makes a life worth living?' 丁可,When Breath Becomes Air 是一本探讨 生命和死亡话题的自传小说。3.A 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety.In this book,Bobby is speaking to Bess once more,in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women.”可知，最后一本小说的主角是Bobby Bello【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章描述了优秀运发动杰克逊的成长经历，讲述了她是怎 样投身体育教育事业的，以及她对贫穷儿童的体育教育所做的贡献。4.B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her principal.but her best”可知，她自小受到的 教育就是做事尽全力，所以校长让她暂时不要担忧功课让她不高兴。5 .A解析段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知Jackson是技艺高超的得分后卫和短程赛 明星选手，她原来认为她可能会成为一个体育运动广播员，直到一个朋友带她去参加了一 个工程的介绍时，她才想到了教学。故本段主要讲述她是如何成为教师的。6 .C 解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They will be motivated.you care about them” 可推知，她给学生小奖品是为了鼓励学生学习。7 .D解析推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知，体育明星杰克逊投身到体育教育事业并 为体育教育事业做了很多贡献。文章在最后提到一个学生Essence上了名校，曾被美国 女子篮球联盟的纽约自由人球队在第一轮运发动选拔制中选中，现在为太阳队效力。由 此可推知,杰克逊应该因Essence的职业生涯而获得一些赞扬。破角军长难句She gave no thought to teaching until a friend took her to an introduction to a program,which placed novice instructors in schools full of low-income children.【分析】这是一个复合句。句中until引导时间状语从句;which引导非限制性定语从 句;full of low-income children是形容词短语作后置定语修饰schools o【译文】她从未想过要教学，直到一个朋友带她去参加一个工程的介绍，该工程把新手教 师安置在满是低收入家庭的孩子的学校里。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。机器在执行金融任务时更客观，人工智能和机器人科学能 帮助公司做出更有效的选择，但是人工智能执行复杂任务的能力是有限的,而人类那么可以 轻易地调整自己来适应市场变化。8 .B 解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Many investment banks .done by humans”可知,许多机构使用人工智能来代替人类雇员是为了提高工作效率。9 .A解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，在作出重大交易决定时，机器不会受 这些心理问题的困扰，因为它们消除了短期交易活动中的情绪干扰,使交易方式更客观。 据此可知，和人类相比，机器几乎不会被情绪干扰。10 .D 解析词义猜想题。由该句中的“and other repetitive support tasks”和动词 structure "使形成体系，系统安排”并结合常识可推知，此处表示系统安排的数据。11 .C解析推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句可知，让机器人做同样的事情需要改变它们 的算法，这样本钱太高并且费时;因为这个原因，人类将永远领先一步并有用。据此可以 推断，人类在就业市场上仍然有一席之地。【语篇导读】本文是议论文。在日常生活中人们难免和别人意见不一,这是很正常的，我 们应看到事情的两面性，把分歧当作学习的机会。12 .D解析词义猜想题。画线词指代的内容一般与上文有关，根据画线词所在句的上句 和语境可知，此处"so”指的是上文中的"look at them as opportunities to learn”。13 .C 解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Were you able to see the issue from the other person' s viewpoint?”和最后一段中的“when both sides truly try to.they thought”可知，我 们可以通过试着站在对方的立场上（思考问题）来解决分歧。14 .A 解析推理判断题。本文第一段引入话题，提出了问题“你能否从对方的角度看待 问题”,在下文中作者通过推论逐步讲到分歧不可防止，我们可以把分歧看作是学习的机 会，看到事情的两面性，故A项正确。15 .C 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However,when both sides truly try to understand each other.You neve