2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习--必修第三册　Unit 5　阅读题组——练速度.docx

2023外研版新教材英语高考第一轮章节总复习必修第三册Unit 5阅读题组练速度I .阅读AStill seeking a destination for your holiday?We want to inform you of four best places that are probably a mere walk away from your home.HighlandsThis Scottish destination,only accessible on foot or by boat,is Britain' s last wilderness.Over a week,you? 11 hike into the Black Hills,cross the peninsula from north to south and set sail for hikes on Skye,Rum and Eigg.Finish each day at a beach-side lodge(小 屋),with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.SnowdoniaThe Snowdonia Way,the only low-level long-distance route,was only created in 2017,and remains unnoticed on the ground.Join the new guided walking trip and you won' t need to concentrate on directionsjust the fine views as you pass falls,forests,riversides and Roman roads.Hadrian's WallWalking along Hadrian' s Wall is like travelling back in time-and even more so if you do it in an expert company.Andante' s hike along the ancient barrier is accompanied by a historian every step of the way,who will point out every Roman road,fort,milecastle and inscription,and tell you all about Hadrian' s tactics and Roman daily life.DorsetThe Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families:the walking is relatively gentle;the beaches are glorious;the ranges of other attractions are varied;and the buses are handy,if your legs get tired.Over a few days,rambling along the coast and across the hills (routes are around five or six miles) with steam train rides and the sea swim;playing knights at ruined Corfe Castle and fossil-hunting at Kimmeridge Bay.l.What can we know about Highlands?A.It is very modern.B.It is a guided trip.C.It can be reached by bus.5.F 解析空格前说“A study launched by an organization of the EU analyzed several programs across Europe”,F 项"It came up with a list of best practices for fighting against the brain drain,”中的It代指的是A study,其中的practices指代的是后文的“steps like understanding the need for skilled workers,creating mechanisms for cooperation between governments,corporations and universities,removing structural barriers”,因此 F 项切合题 意。D.It provides quality dinner.2 .Which of the following is the best choice for families?A.Snowdonia.B.Dorset.C.Hadrian' s Wall.D.Highlands.3 .What do the four travel routes have in common?A.They are all walking routes.B.They are all high-level routes.C.Their destinations are the same.D.They are helpful to learn about history.BTOKYO Japan-Maki Kaji,69,the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose life' s work was spreading the joy of puzzles,has died of cancer.Known as the "Godfather of Sudoku",Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didn' t want to think too hard.Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number" and "single”,and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows,columns and blocks without repeating them.Ridiculously,it wasn' t until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit,after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times.Two years later,Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport”.Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked （注册）except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido,Kaji started Japan' s first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo.He founded Nikoli in 1983,and came up with the name Sudoku about the same time.In recent years,Sudoku,believed to be the world? s most popular pencil puzzle,has come out in digital versions.“Our mission （使命）is to seek Kaji' s wishes and possibilities,said Yoshinao Anpuku,who succeeded Kaji as Nikoli' s chief executive （执行官）.Major Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores,as well as introducing the word "Sudoku" into the Oxford English dictionary.4 .What does the author think is ridiculous?A.Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku.B.Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.C.Sudoku first became popular overseas.D.Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.5 .What can we say about Maki Kaji?A.He liked traveling a lot.B.He failed to enter the university.C.He was a top player in Sudoku.D.He was committed to Sudoku spreading.6 .What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?A.It, s not for old people.B.It, s registered abroad.C.It was named after Kaji.D.It went all over the world.7 .What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.What Kaji wished for.8 .Why Kaji was great.C.Who is Kaji' s follower.D.How Kaji achieved his goal.CThe icy beauty of the Arctic attracts thousands of visitors every year to see its wonderful wildlifejandscape and local cultures.Visitors can take ships on a voyage along the Arctic Ocean or take flights to cities along the Arctic edge.No matter how one gets there,they should wear warm clothes and get ready to take in the attractions."Traveling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable impression on the visitors.Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things that really blow away people J said Cheryl Rosa,the director of the US Arctic Research Commission.Visitors to the Arctic Circle will have a lot of activities to choose from if they want to see all that the region has to offer.Hiking with snowshoes,dog sledding and kayaking are common activities.Visitors with sharp eyes are likely to spot polar bears.To get even closer to the animals of the sea,visitors can go polar snorkeling with seals.Of course, Arctic adventures aren' t complete without viewing the wonders of the Arctic Circle' s large glaciers and icebergs as well.One of the most impressive attractions and maybe the most difficult to see is the Northern Lights,one of the seven natural wonders of the world.They are natural lights that glow a brilliant green and light up the horizon.Sometimes they appear as waves that dance across the sky in different colors.The best places to view the Northern Lights are in Northern Norway,Sweden' s Abisko National Park Jceland,America? s Alaska or Canada? s Yukon,according to Space .Charles Deehr,an expert at the University of Alaska Fairbanks? Geophysical Institute,recommended planning a trip between winter and spring,especially when there is a new moon.Even though the Arctic is a popular tourist destination,don' t forget that people live here too."It is recommended that visitors go with tour groups that are respectful of Arctic residents （居民）and their culture/5 said Rosa/'Too many people can disturb the small villages.Finding tour groups that work with local communities is important.” 8.The underlined part “blow away” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ A.defeatB. affectC.moveD.impress9 .What can we know about the Northern Lights?A.They only produce green lights at night.B.They are natural lights and hard to see.C.They seldom occur between winter and spring.D.The best time to view them is when there is a full moon.10 .What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Tour groups are not welcome among Arctic residents.B.The Arctic' s population has been rising in recent years.C.Visitors should choose suitable tour groups when visiting the Arctic.D.Tour groups should get permission from local communities.11 .What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A.To inform visitors of local culture.B.To recommend some activities to visitors.C.To introduce a popular tourist destination.D.To share a travel experience in the Arctic.New research added brain degradation such as Alzheimer, s disease （阿尔茨海默氏病） to the growing list of effects of fine particles （微粒）.A study of 63 million adults older than 65 in the United States showed that from 2000 to 2016,first-time hospital admissions for Alzheimer, s disease and related diseases rose by 13 percent with every 5-microgram （per cubic meter of air） increase in annual concentrations of PM 2.5.Such particles are produced mainly during the burning of fossil fuels,especially coal and oil.The risk remained high even when concentrations were below 12 micrograms per cubic meter of air,a level the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency currently considers safe.“Our study builds on the small but clear evidence indicating that long-term PM 2.5 exposure is associated with an increased risk of worsening brain health,even when PM 2.5 concentrations are well below the current national standards/9 said Xiao Wu,a doctoral student in Harvard.Antonella Zanobetti,a co-author of the study,said the new research results showed that the current U.S.regulations are inadequate to protect the aging American population,highlighting the need for stricter standards and policies that help further reduce PM 2.5 concentrations and improve air quality overall.Women and urban populations,particularly those in the northeast,were particularly at risk,the research showed.The researchers figured that the increasing effects on urban populations might be due to the "abundance of metal-bearing particles in the urban atmosphere,which have very small size and can access the brain directly”.They owed the increased risk to women' s longer life,which meant the probability of death from other causes before developing Alzheimer" s disease was higher in men.12 .What can we learn about the new research in Paragraph 1? A.It proved PM 2.5 was caused by fossil fuels.B.It aimed at improving the elders' brain health.C.It showed Alzheimer, s disease was linked to air pollution. D.It focused on the effect of PM 2.5 on the environment.13 .What is the researchers' attitude towards the current U.S.PM 2.5 national standards?A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.C.Cautious. D.Ambiguous.14 . Why do women have higher risk of brain health problems? A.Because they mainly live in cities.B.Because they are in much worse condition.C.Because they are affected by PM 2.5 more easily.D.Because they live longer than men.15 .What? s the purpose of the text?A.To present findings of new research.B.To call on us to protect the environment.C.To analyze various reasons for Alzheimer" s disease.D.To draw our attention to the elders' health.IL七选五The brain drain is characterized as the emigration of highly skilled laborers to other countries. 1 The EU countries such as Polandjtaly and Portugal are especially affected by the brain drain,while other countries such as Swedenjreland and Denmark notice the opposite effect,namely brain gain.There are both push and pull factors affecting the brain drain.Pull factors include higher employment rates,higher salary and an increase in quality of life,while the push factors are high youth unemployment and high enterprise death rates.2 These effects include a reduction in human capitaljimited capacity to innovate,reduced economic growth,and a higher cost of public goods.There are positive side effects as well,such as return migration and incentives （动机）for investment in education.3 The European Committee of the Regions,therefore,suggests that local and regional authorities develop instruments and promote measures to increase the attractiveness of the regions facing the brain drain.They should also set up local alliances （联盟）,which can help in drafting and carrying out local policies.The brain drain' s negative effects have been key concerns of the EU.As current economic and social differences between European regions are the main cause of the brain drain,the need for a strong association between Europe' s cohesion （凝聚）policies has been stressed. 4 This will also help in adopting the measures expected to fight against the problem of the brain drain including investing in education and employment in European regions.A study launched by an organization of the EU analyzed several programs across Europe. 5 These are steps like understanding the need for skilled workers,creating mechanisms for cooperation between governments,corporations and universities,removing structural barriers,etc.A.This calls for a territorial approach.B.It is a problem faced by many parts of Europe.C.The brain drain can have a negative impact on the sending region.D.Brain waste happens in the meantime in most European countries.E.Two of the key objectives are also necessary to reduce the brain drain.Fit came up with a list of best practices for fighting against the brain drain.G.Such a policy should help in promoting an even development across the regions of Europe.答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个度假好去处:Highlands,Snowdonia,Hadrian' s Wall 和 Dorset。1 .D 解析 细节理解题。根据Highlands中的最后一句"Finish each day at a beach-side lodge（小屋）,with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.”可知,Highlands 可以提 供高质量的饭菜。2 .B 解析细节理解题。根据 Dorset 中的第一句 "The Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families59 可知,Dorset是家人们一起去游玩的最好选择。3 .A 解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句"We want to inform.a mere walk away from your home",以及 Highlands 中的第一句,Snowdonia 中的第一句,Hadrian' s Wall 中 的第一句,Dorset中的第一句可知,这四个旅游景点的共同之处在于都是远足路线。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“数独之父"Maki Kaji因癌症去世，文章介绍了他的部 分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。4 .C 解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"Ridiculously,it wasn t until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit”并结合本段内容可知，作者感到不可思议的是，数独先是在日 本以外的全球范围内火了起来,后来才在日本国内被开掘。5 .D 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.”可知，在推广数独的过程中,Kaji是亲力亲为的，与D 项“他致力于数独的推广一事”相符。6 .D 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三两句"Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.“可知，数独风行全世界，与 D 项表达含义一 致。7 .B 解析主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲述了 Kaji对数独游戏的影响力，故B项正确。 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。北极的冰雪美景每年都会吸引成千上万的游客，人们在那 里可以欣赏到奇妙的野生动物、美丽的自然风景,还能体验当地文化。本文就北极的一 些可供游览的工程进行了说明。8 .D 解析词义猜想题。根据第二段第一句"Traveling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable impression on the visitors.“可知,去北极旅行给游客们留下了难以忘怀的印 象。结合画线短语所在句中的“Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things”可以判断，北极广袤的区域和脆弱的环境是让游客印象深刻的两件事;据此可知， 画线短语意为“给留下深刻印象”。9 .B 解析细节理解题。根据题干关键词Northern Lights定位至第四段;由该段中的 “maybe the most difficult to see is the Northern Lights.They are natural lights”可知,北极光 不容易被人们见到，是一种自然光。10 .C 解析 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“It is recommended that visitors go with tour groups that are respectful of Arctic residents and their culture”可知，建议去北极的游客选择 尊重当地居民及其文化的旅游团。根据尾句可知，找到与当地社区合作的旅游团是重要 的。据此可以判断，游客应中选择跟随合适的旅游团去北极游玩。11 .C 解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了北极这一旅游胜地:那里不仅 有冰雪美景，还有许多奇妙的野生动物，游客们在此可以体验穿着雪鞋徒步、坐狗拉雪 橇、划独木舟等活动，还有可能欣赏到世界七大自然奇观之一北极光。据此可知，本 文旨在介绍一处旅游胜地。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。研究说明,大气中PM2.5浓度越高,患上阿尔茨海默氏病 和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。城市大气中含有大量的金属微粒，它们非常小，可以直 接进入大脑，对人体造成不良影响。12 .C 解析推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,一项针对美国6 300万名65岁以上的 人的研究显示，从2000年到2016年,PM 2.5年浓度每增加5微克（每立方米空气）,首次因 阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了 13%o据此可以判断，阿尔茨海默氏病 和空气污染有关。13 .B解析推理判断题。通读第三段可知，新的研究结果显示，目前的美国法规缺乏以 保护老龄化的美国人口，这强调了对更严格的标准和政策的需求，以帮助进一步降低PM.5浓度,整体改善空气质量。再结合第一段最后一句和第二段内容也可以判断，研究者 对当前美国PM 2.5的国家标准是不赞同的。14 .D 解析 细节理解题。根据尾段尾句中的“They owed the increas