新目标英语八年级上Unit3比较等级讲解及练习无答案.doc

八年级上册语法专题之形容词副词的比较级与最高级形容词分为三种等级:原级,比较级与最高级。 一、形容词的原级及用法形容词的原级(形容词本来面目不作变化)1.表示没有进行比较或进行同级比较2.可以修饰原级的词: very、quite、 enough(“足够”,用在形容词后)so pretty too how rather(相当) (not) asas (“(不)像一样”,同级比较) not soas (“不像一样”,同级比较)e.g. How happy we are! 我们多么高兴啊！This ruler is as long as that one. 这把尺子和那把一样长。(变否定句)This ruler is not as/so long as that one. 二、形容词比较级最高级变化规则单音节词比较级在词尾加er,最高级加est cold colder coldest tall taller tallest high higher highest long longer longest以字母e结尾的词只加r或stnice nicer nicest late later latest fine finer finest 重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加er或est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest wet wetter wettest thin thinner thinnest redredder reddest fat fatter fattest sad sadder saddest以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y变i再加er或est easy easier easiest early earlier earliest funny funnier funniest happy happier happiest heavy heavier heaviest dirty dirtier dirtiest 多音节词、部分双音节词(特别是ful结尾及v.+ed/ing构成的形容词)及个别单音节词(fun)在前面加more或most interesting important difficult excitied tired careful popular expensive boring fun不规则变化 little less least good / well better bestbad / ill / badly worse worst many / much more most old older oldest (年龄大的,与than连用) old elder eldest(“年长的”,只作定语不与than连用) far farther farthest (距离远)far further furthest (除距离外,还指程度上更进一步的)口诀：合二为一共三对, “坏、病”、“两多”并“两好”； 一分为二有两个，一是“远来”、二是“老”； 还有一词含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。副词比较级和最高级的变化规则大致与此相同三、比较级用法1.表示两者之间进行比较,“更”2.可以修饰比较级的词: much = a lot (得多) a little = a bit (一点点) even (甚至) far (远远) any (丝毫,稍微, 用于否定和疑问句中)3.比较级标志: than or4.形容词比较级句式:A + be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B. (A比B)Which/Who +be +形容词比较级, A or B? (哪个/谁更, A 还是B？)练习写出下列句子凯特很瘦。凯特和玛丽谁更瘦？玛丽比凯特更瘦。玛丽比凯特更瘦吗？是的,她是。这个书包和这个箱子不一样沉。这个书包和这个箱子哪个更沉？这个箱子比书包更沉。5.副词比较级句式:A实义动词副词的比较级than B. (A得比B)Which/Who +实义动词三单, A or B? (哪个/谁得更, A还是B？)练习写出下列句子自行车和轿车哪个走得快？轿车比自行车走得快。这只羊和这只狗跑得不一样快。这只羊比狗跑得快吗？吉姆比汤姆上床睡觉早。(上句同义句) _6.比较级特殊用法:the +比较级+of the two “两者中较的” 他是两个男孩中较高的。Hes the taller of the two boys.“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +多音节词” “越来越” 他越来越高。 Hes taller and taller. 英语越来越重要 English is more and more important.The+比较级, the+比较级 “越, 越” 你越快乐就越美丽。The happier you are, the more beautiful you are. not +比较级+than “不如, 不比” no +比较级+than “一样都不” You are not taller than me. 你不比我高。 You are no taller than me. 你和我一样都不高。比较级+than any other +sig.+in+同一范围 “比同一范围中其他任何一个更” 比较级+than any +sig.+in+非同一范围 “比非同一范围中任何一个更”Shes nicer than any other girl in her class.她比班里其他任何一个女孩都漂亮。 (主语本身就在比较范围之中,因此是在同一范围就主语与其他任何一个比较) Shes nicer than any girl in her sisters class. 她比她妹妹班里任何一个女孩都漂亮。 (主语不在该较范围之中,因此主语可以与该范围内任何一个作比较)该用法虽然出现了in所引导的比较范围但是仍要用比较级,此成为用比较级表示最高级,实质是最高级。四、最高级用法1.表示三者或三者以上的比较,“最”2.形容词最高级前必须加the,副词前的the可以省略。3.最高级标志:in of or4.句式:the + 最高级 +(n.) + in +比较范围 我是我们班最聪明的。Im the cleverest in our class.the + 最高级 +(n.) + of +同类事物 这本书是所有书中最有趣的。The book is the most interesting of all the books. Which/Who +v.(单数) +最高级, A, B or C? Jay, Will和JJ谁最收欢迎？ Who is the most popular, Jay, Will or JJ?五、例题解析与难点攻克主语为人时than后面的比较对象若用代词用主格还是宾格？请判断正误:1. She looks nicer than I do. ( ) She looks nicer than I. ( ) She looks nicer than me. ( )Notes:than可以作连词其后跟省略句,该省略句构成为(主格+助动词/be/情态动词),而谓语部分可省略; than还可以作介词在口语中跟人称代词宾格主语为物时的比较对象的一致性问题2.Her hair is longer than her mother. ( ) Her hair is longer than her mothers. ( )3.My bag is bigger than you. ( ) My bag is bigger than your. ( ) My bag is bigger than your bag. ( ) My bag is bigger than yours. ( )Notes:比较对象应与主语对等,当主语为限定词+n.时,than后的其比较对象可为:限定词+n. 名词所有格(一般省略其后相同的名词)名词性物主代词(=形容词性物主代词+n.) mine yours his hers its ours theirs4.The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. ( ) The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. ( )Notes:当主语有后置定语修饰时,为保证比较对象一致,常用that/thoes 指代比较对象。比较范围5.The Changjing River is the longest _ China. The Changjing River is the longest _all the rivers in China.Notes:在最高级中,in后跟比较范围,of后跟进行比较的同类事物。 6.China is larger than any country in Asia. ( ) China is larger than any other country in Asia( )同义句转换问题7.He is taller than anyone else in the class.= He is taller _ _ _ student in the class.= He is taller _ _ _ students in the class.= He is the _ _ student in the class.Notes:同一范围内比较 比较级+than any other +sig.+in =比较级+than anyone else +in =比较级+than the other +pl.+in (只有同一范围比较才能出现other/else)非同一范围内比较 比较级+than any+sig.+in8. This coat is more expensiver than that one.= That coat is _ than this one.= That coat isnt _ big _ this one.Notes: A+v.+比较级+than+B (A比B更) = B+v.+比较级反义词+than+A (B 比A更) = B+v.+not as(so) as (B与A不一样)“less+多音节词原级+than” “不如” 降级比较 = That coat is less expensive than this one.Self-Check一、单项选择1.I feel tired, so I want to go to bed _ tonight. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later2.The food of our country is _ than that of western countries. A.rather good than B.much better than C.more better than D.so goos as3.The ice in the lake is as _ as it was before. A.thin B.thinner C.thinnest Dthe thinnest4.Who is _ running star in your school?A.famous B.more famous C.the most famous D.less famous5.Which season do you like _? Summer. A.good B.well C.the better D.best6.Lucys pen is _ nicer than yours. A.too B.more C.quite D.a little7.Is your brother as outgoing as you? No, hes a quiet boy. He is _. A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm as I C.more outgoing than me D.as outgoing as I8.How are you today? Much _. A.good B.well C.better D.the best9.Toms card is newer than _. A.our B.her C.my D.his10._ is more beautiful than roses. A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers11.Mary studies harder _ in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.He is 3 times as _(old) as me. 2.Im too tired to go any _.(far)3.Who is _, Lily or Lucy? 4.Tom is the _(heavy) of the three.5.Tom is the _ of the two boys.6.Russia is _(large) than any other country in the world.7.His computer is the _(expensive) of all.8.You are pretty _(beautiful).9.The book is _(useful) than that one.10.Whos the _(healthy) , you, he or she?11.How _(small) the shirt is! I want a _ (big) one.12.You have _(short) and _(curly) hair than Susan.13.Is this street a lot _(noisy) than that one?14.I feel much _(excited) now.15.Soccer is becoming _ and _ _(popalar) in China.16.My sister doesnt write as _(good) as I do.17.The _(much) you practice, the _ (good) your English will be.18.No other animal is _(scary) than a snake.19.Math is less _(difficult) than English. 20.What a _(funny) boy!21.Youre _(bad) at sports than me.22.Its the third _ (long) river in China.三、句型转换1.I have a big bag. He has a small bag. (合并) My bag is _ than _.2.You are funny. Hes funny, too. (合并)You are _ funny _ him.3.Tom is thinner than Sam. (同义句)=Sam is _ than Tom. =Sam isnt as _ as Tom.4.He and I are the same. We are quite boys. (合并) He is _ quite _ I.5.Theyre tall. Youre tall. too.But Im taller than anyone else. (合并) Im _ _ of all.【形容词比较级语法专项练习题】1. I think real cards are _ than e-cards. ( 2008北京中考) A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest2. Lee came to Beijing in 2005. He has been here_than you. ( 2009北京中考)A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest3. Which color do you like _, blue or green? ( 2010北京中考)Blue. A. good B. better C. best D. the best4. I work hard this term, but Peter works much _.( 2012北京中考)A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. the hardest5. Debbie is growing fast. She is even_ than her mother. ( 2013北京中考) A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest6. Which season do you like _，winter or summer? ( 2014北京中考)Summer.A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best7. His suit looks _ than the one I bought yesterday. (2013- 2014石景山期末)A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best 8. I like English very much. I think its a little _than math. (2013- 2014朝阳区期末)A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest9. Peter works hard on Chinese this term, but Alice works even _. ( 2013-2014大兴一模) A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest10. I think skiing is _ than climbing. Thats why I like it. A. exciting B. more exciting C. most exciting D. the most exciting ( 2013-2014石景山一模) 形容词、副词（原级、比较级和最高级）练习A 部分I 用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _ (young) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Ying Tian is not as _ (tall) as Yong Xian. 3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before the holidays, 4.Which is _ (heavy),a hen or a chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? She' s only 1.40 metres _(tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother' s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. - Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I dont think so.15.Annie plays the piano very _ (well). Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).18. I think its too expensive. Id like a _ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much _ (early) than I. 20.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one. 21. Your classroom is _(wide) and _(bright) than ours. 22. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 23. The _ (much), the _ (good). 24. Nowadays English is _( important ) than any other subject, 1 think. 25. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world. II改错：1. He is as taller as I am.2. She is a little thiner than she looks. 3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.4.The girls study the better than the boy. 5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read. 6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou?8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.9. London is the bigger city in Britain.10.Bob plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob.III完成句子：1 她看起来不如玛丽年轻。 She doesn't look _ _ _ Mary.2.杰克的父亲比母亲大一岁。Jack's father is _ _ _ than her mother.3.我们的教室比他们的明亮得多。Our classroom is _ _ than theirs.4.当心！这条路越来越危险。Look out! The mad is becoming _ and _ _.5.你喜欢哪种动物，猫还是狗？ Which animal do you like _, a cat or a dog?单项选择1.This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be _.  A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is _ than Japanese.     A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important7. This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long 8. My mother is no _ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few 9. These children are _ this year than they were last year.  A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 11. Mrs. Black has got_ instead of getting any better.    A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.    A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 13. The house is _ small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much D. so 14. Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.    A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 15. -What's your brother like? -He is_. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 16. The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap17. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs. A. more B. quite C. very D. much18. The earth is about_ as the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big19. Your room is _ mine.   A. twice as large than  B. twi