2022年牛津高中英语教学案M4--U2 .pdf

Module 4 Unit 2 Sporting events 一重点词汇讲解P21-31 Reading 1. delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事I d be delighted to come.be delighted at/with/by 对 很高兴 I m delighted at your success.be delighted that 很高兴 She was delighted that you could stay with her. delight v.& n.使高兴 ;高兴 delightful adj.令人愉快的with delight 高兴地delight sb 2. significance n.重要性，重要意义be of great/little significance I do not think this case is really of great significance. 我认为这个案例没有太大的意义。significant adj. 意味深长的a significant speech 意味深长的演说3. compete vi.比赛，竞争compete in 在 中比赛 /竞争compete in the race compete for 为 而比赛 /竞争 The two teams will compete for the championship. compete against/with 与 竞争 /比赛He competed for the first prize against/with other athletes in the competition. competitor n.竞争者 competition n.竞争，比赛competitive adj.竞争性的，比赛性的4. honour n.尊敬，敬意，荣誉，荣耀 honourable adj. 荣耀的，可敬的，高尚的in honour of 纪念，向 表示敬意in memory of 纪念1) They held a party in honour of the model workers. 他们举行了一场晚会来向劳模们表示敬意。2)He wrote a book in honour of his soldiers. 他写了一本书来纪念他的士兵们。have the honour of doing sth. 很荣幸能够做某事do sb. honour/ do honour to sb. 向某人致敬it would be an honour 那将是一种荣幸Would you do me the honour of going to London with me? He was honoured with an award for his wonderful design. 5. attempt n.努力；尝试；企图；vt. ( 常与 to do 连用 )尝试；企图attempt to solve things by himself. 尝试自己解决问题。make an attempt to do 打算；试图She made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做饭。at/on her first attempt P3339 1. association n. 社会，社团；关联；联想1The association meets four times a year. 这个协会每年召开4 次会议。2He developed a close association with the university. 他与那所大学建立了密切的联系。in association with 与联合 结交 , 有关联 associate v. 联合 ; 由联想到, 把联系起来be associated with 与相关联e.g. I don t like these layabouts you re associating with. 我不喜欢你结交的这些游手好闲的人。( ) He wished to forget everything _ with his former life and start a new life. A. joined B. associated C. buried D. carried 2. remove v. 去除，移开；开除；免除，解除职务remove sb./sth. from sth. 从移开 1) He removed his hand from her shoulder. 他将手从她的肩膀上拿开。2) They removed him from his position. 他们撤销了他的职务。removal n. 移动，调动；去除；免职3. power n. 力量；能量；影响力；权力;统治v. 为装置提供动力，供能The aircraft is powered by a jet engine. 这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。have the power to do something 有做某事的权力Some animals have the power to see in the dark. Knowledge is power. the purchasing power 能力be in power 在掌权，在执政powerful adj. 有巨大影响力的；强大的，强有力的；健壮的powerless adj. 无影响力的；无权力的；无能为力的【辨析】energy 主要指人的精力、活力和物理学中的能、能量、能源。full of energy. power 主要指政权、权力，还可泛指做某事的能力，也可指物理学中的动力、功率。strength 强调一个人所具有的力量、力气。I haven t the strength to lift the table. force 促使物体运动的力,也可指兵力、势力、武力,暴力。 use force to open the door. 4. make way for 给让路，让位于Please make way for the blind. 请给盲人让路。make one s way to 前进；行进give way to 向妥协，屈服make room for 给腾处地方lead the way 带路，领先in the way 挡路in a way 在某种程度上in this way 用这种方式by the way 顺便问一下in no way 绝不no way 绝不，不行，没门儿Could you forgive me ? -No way. e.g. All the automobiles in the street must _ a fire engine. A. make way to B. make way for C. make their way for D. make their way to 5. tie ties, tying, tied, tied n. 领带 , 领结 ; 关系，联系 ;平局，相同的票数v. 用线、绳等系, 拴, 绑，捆，束 ; 打成平局；束缚，约束The criminal was taken to court with his hands tied behind his back. 罪犯被带到法庭上，双手被绑在背后。tie to把系到上tie a horse to a tree. 我看到他在把一匹马系到一棵树上。tie up 系紧，扎好finish/ end/ result in a tie 以平局结束二本单元重点短语Welcome to the unit 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 5 页2 1.play an important role 发挥重要作用2.enjoy playing different sports 喜欢玩不同的运动Reading 1.be delighted to 高兴做某事2.share with 与分享 3.every four years 每四年every fourth year 4.by tradition 按照传统according to tradition 5.be allowed to take part in their own competition 被允许参加她们自己的竞技比赛6.at a separate festival 7.in honor of 为了纪念8.athletes from around the world 来自世界各地的运发动9.bring the Olympics back to life 让奥运会得以重生10. side by side 一起；并肩的shoulder to shoulder 11. realize (live) this dream 实现这个梦想12. come to public attention 引起公众关注13. under his birth name 以他出生时的名字14. at the opening ceremony 在开幕典礼上15. know of 听说过，知道有16. compete for medals 17. make contributions to 对 做出奉献18. after 32 years absence缺席了 32 年19. excite people all over Asia 20. the first Asian to win the gold medal 21. lead the way 领先22. hang on (在逆境中 )坚持to win the gold medal in the final match 23. bring joy to people 把快乐带给人们24. look forward to 期待着 to：介词25. join sb in sth.(doing sth) 加入某人做某事26. match its past glory 彰显往日的荣耀27. pass sth on (to sb) 转交，传递，递给28. get the honour of being the person to light the Olympics flame 29. bring joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievement 30. get the honour of being the person to light the Olympic flame Grammar and usage 1.host the Olympic 主办奥运会2.join a swimming club 加入游泳俱乐部Task 1.pay close attention to what he or she is saying 密切注意他 /她在说什么2.change their minds 改变他们的想法3.look out for 小心，留神 =watch out for 4.advise / recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事5.suggest / recommend (sb./one s) doing sth. 建议某人做某事6.two hours of training per day 每天两个小时的训练7.take part in another sport 参加另外一项体育运动8.eat plenty of grain products 吃大量的谷物9.daily routine 日常安排10. identify and select relevant information 识别和选择相关信息11. be used in various tasks 在各种任务中被使用12. identify which information applies to you 区分出哪条信息适合你13.metres and stands 76 centimetres from the ground 一张长 2.74 米，宽 1.525 米，高 76 厘米的台子14. the net goes across the centre of the table 网横展在台子中央15. be similar to playing tennis on a court 类似于在球场上打网球16. the exact origin of table tennis 乒乓球确切的由来17. require players to go outdoors 需要运发动去户外18. be popular with foreign visitors 受到外国游客的欢送19. stare at the people they are playing against to make them feel uncomfortable 盯着对方看使他们不舒服20. play leading roles in 在 中起主导作用 /扮演主要角色21. be of use to you 对你有用= be useful to you 22. knock over some pieces of wood that are shaped like bottles 撞倒几块形状像瓶子的木头23. become a big hit 开始很受欢送24. begin to be broadcast on TV 开始在电视上被播放25. spread to many other countries 传播到许多其他国家Project 1.meet requirements 到达要求2.have its own international association 有自己的国际组织3.keep the Olympics budget under control 控制奥运会的预算4.be part of 是 一部分5.as well as more unusual sports 还有一些比较特殊的项目6.be judged to have become less popular 被认为不如以前受欢送7.make way for 给 让路8.apply to get into the Olympics 申请加入奥运会9.approve the sport due to the concern about the balance of sports 10. be connected with fighting 与搏击相关11. consider changing the number and type of Olympic sports in the future 考虑调整未来奥运会体育项目的数目和种类12. blow the whistle 吹响口哨13. be out of the tournament 被淘汰出局14. defeat the Eagles by a score of 5 to 1 以 5 比 1 的比分击败了鹰队精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 5 页3 15. by accident 偶然，意外地16. become friends with the players on the Bears team for the rest of their lives 和熊队的球员成了终生好朋友17. find something more precious than victory 找到了比胜利更珍贵的东西三、 重点句型Reading 1. I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games. 我非常高兴应邀前来贵校，跟大家谈谈奥运会的历史和重要性。2. Today, both male and female athletes from around the world can take part, no matter what nation they come from. 今天，不管国籍，来自世界各地的男女运发动都可以参加比赛。3. It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympic back to life. 让奥运会得以重生的是法国人皮埃尔德顾拜旦。4. He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all counties to live side by side in peace. 他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。5. Among them are many well-known athletes. 他们中有许多是著名的运发动。6. I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country. 我相信当许海峰为祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国都为之感到自豪。7. Join me in wishing the Olympic Movement a successful future to match its past glory. 让我们一起祝愿奥林匹克运动有一个成功的未来，彰显往日的荣光。8. When choosing a city to host the Olympics, there are certain things we need to consider. Task 1.委婉地提出建议的句型：1) I advise/suggest that you (should) do I advise that you watch less TV at night. 2) My advice to you is that you should drink more water. 3) Don t you think it would be a good idea to do ? 4) Why don t you do? 5) Why not do ? 6) Shall we ? 7) What/How about ? 8) Will do? Will Thursday morning do? I happen to be in town then. 3. Many players believe table tennis is not only a physical game but a psychological game as well. 许多运发动认为乒乓球不仅仅是一项体能比赛也是一场心理比赛。4. While bowling is no longer as popular as it once was, since it is so easy to learn and play it is still enjoyed by people everywhere. 尽管保龄球不再有以前受欢送，但是由于它易学易打，所以仍然受到各地人们的欢送。Project 1.Entering a sport into the Olympics can be a long process. 一项体育运动要成为奥运项目可能是一个漫长的过程。2.In order for a new sport to be added, another sport must be dropped. 要增补一个新的运动项目，就必须淘汰一个当前的运动项目。3.Wushu fans may finally get what they are hoping for. 4.Of course, the goal should not have counted. 当然，那个进球本该不算数的。5.That is all that matters. 那是最重要的。6.However, with the referees now keeping a close watch on the Eagles, they struggled and lost their next match. 但是，裁判现在紧盯鹰队，鹰队全力比拼却输了接下来的一场比赛。7.The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament. 鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。8.The match was tied with minutes to go. 离比赛结束只剩几分钟的时候，还是平局。9.They went on to the final match against the Bears. M4U2 Grammar and usages 一、Can表示 “ 能够 ” 之意时， can 强调主语本身具有的一种能力; be able to 强调 在特定情景中努力做成某事.(=manage to do sth) 比较正式，可用于任何时态，可跟在动词不定式和其它情态动词后。1He didn t agree with me at first, but I _was able to_ persuade him. She _could_sing when she was young. I m sorry I haven t been able to play tennis with you recently. It s nice to be able to attend the lecture. Wang Gong might be able to win the chess game. 2Could you share the umbrella with me ? Yes, I can. 3. Let s get some exercises. We can go running in the park. (can 谈论一个可能的将来的行为) 拓展：构成以下特殊句式的can can not/can never too /cannot enough “无论怎么 也不为过分，越 越好，非常 ”You cannot be too careful. cant help doing/cannot help but do/cannot but do“禁不住，不由得，不得不I cannot help admiring the picture whenever I look at it.每当我看到这幅画时，我都禁不住要鉴赏它。When a close friend dies, you cannot but feel sad. 亲密的朋友去世时，你会不由得感到悲伤。用法总结： 1. 能力2. 请求许可， could 语气更加委婉3. 推测 /可能性多用于疑问句、否认句中,但在肯定句中表示的是客观可能性：有时会Sometimes it can snow in March. He can t be right. 不可能二、may/ might1. What is the weather like in Zhuzhou? -It may be sunny. He may be right. 2.May I come in? Yes, you may. No, you must not. No, you cannot. 3.May you succeed! 用法总结： may/might 表示 1. 推测“ 也许 ” “可能”，might 语气更加委婉常用于肯定句，一般不用于否认句和疑问句 may not 表示“可能不” 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 5 页4 2. 请求允许 “ 可以 ” 3.用于祈使句中表示祝愿用倒装结构He may not be right. 他也许不对。拓展： You may well say so. 完全能，满可以We may as well go and have a look. 还是 的好三、must/have to1. You must wear your school uniform. 2. You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.3.-How old are you, madam? -If you must know, I m twice my son s age. 用法总结： must 表示 1. 必须2. 推测 “ 一定 ” (只能用在肯定句中,一般不用于否认句和疑问句中). 3. 表示“偏要、硬要”当表示 “ 必须 ” 时， must 与 have to 的区别是： must 表示说话人的主观看法，have to 强调客观需要，可译为“ 不得不 ” 。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 4 .特别注意：1) You don t have to tell him about it.不必You mustn t tell him about it.决不可以、不准2) -Must I finish my homework today? - Yes, you must . / No, you needn t .四、shall1. What shall we do now? Shall we take you to the new stadium this weekend? Shall we do some exercise this morning? 2. You shall get a gift from me if you can solve this problem. 3. You shall not pass the examination if you don t work hard.4. Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving. 用法总结： shall 表示 1.征求对方意见，提供帮助和建议主要用于第一、三人称疑问句中2. 允诺3. 命令、警告、威胁4. 法律、条约或协定中的义务和规定。五、should 1. You should apologize to him. 2. The photos should be ready by 12:00. 3. You should not / ought not to eat a lot before swimming. 4. I m surprised that you should speak in such a way.5.Who should come in but my old friend Betty.我当究竟是谁进来了呢，原来是我的老朋友贝蒂呀。6. I suggested that he (should) change his mind. My suggestion was that he (should) change his mind. Should 1.表义务、责任的应该2.表预期的推测应该会，可能3. 给出建议4.表惊讶、遗憾的竟然、居然5.与疑问词连用，表意外、惊讶、纳闷等的究竟是，到底6.用于表示命令、建议、请求等词后面的that 从句中，且should 可以省略应该，必须注意： ought to 表示“ 应该 ” ( 与 should 同义 , 只是语气稍重一些), 也可表示推测。You ought to take care of him. He ought to be home by now. 六、will/ would 1. I will never do that again.2. He will sit for hours reading. 他常常接连坐上几个小时看书。3. Will you help me with my work? Will he pay for me? 4. The door won t open.A: I want someone to copy it for me. B: Will I do? 6. It would be about ten when he left home. 7. Would you mind opening the window? 8. When he was young, he would take a walk along the river every morning. 用法总结： will 表示 1.意志、愿望或决心2. 习惯、经常性、倾向性、意愿常用于第二、三人称疑问句中4.表示功能，能，行5.表示推测 (含有肯定的意思) would 表示 1.提出请求比will 更委婉2. 过去的一种习惯。七、need/dare 1. You needn t tell him the news now.2. - Need I hand in my homework right now? - Yes, you must./ No, you needn t. ( don t have to ) 3.The little girl dare not go out alone at night. 4.He needs to finish it this evening. 5.I don t know how she dares to wear that dress.用法总结： 1)need 意为“ 需要 ”; dare 意为 “ 敢”. 2)need/dare 既可作情态动词, 也可作实义动词.作情态动词使用时，一般只用于否认句或疑问句中。3)注意 need/dare作情态动词和实义动词时相应的否认形式的构成。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 5 页5 情态动词实义动词肯定式He dares to escape. He needs to escape. 否认式He daren t escape. He needn t escape. He doesn t dare (to) escape. He doesn t need to escape. 疑问式Dare he escape? Need he escape? Does he dare to escape? Does he need to escape? 八 、情态动词 +have done 表过去的行为情态动词 +be doing 表正在进行He plays basketball very well. He must have practiced it a lot. The boys may be playing football on the playground. 九、情态动词 +have done 的用法could + have done：本可以做而实际上未能做You could have done better, but you didn t try your best.cannot + have done：表示对过去行为的否认推测He cannot have been to that town. can+主语 +have done：表示对过去行为的疑心或不肯定Can he have got the book? might(may)+ have done ：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测He may not have finished the work. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier. (Mood: might may , possibility : mightmay) must + have done：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。其否认式为：cannot have done You must have seen the film. You cannot have seen the film. neednt + have done ：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了You needn t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.注意： didn t need to(have to)do : 没有必要做而实际上也没有做I didn t need to clean the windows. My sister did it 2 hours ago.should(ought to)+ have done ：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否认形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。You should have started earlier, but you didn t.She shouldn t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.注意：本结构还可以表“ 推测 ” 的意思He should have finished the work by now. 到现在他应该已经做完那项工作了。十、其它情态动词1.used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态(现在已不复如此) Did you use to go there to see your brother? /Used you to go there to see your brother? Yes, I did (used to). /No, I didn t (usedn t).注意： would 也可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，但是不涉及到现在。2.had better 表示“ 最好 (做 ) ”，其否认式为had better not We had better go now. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 5 页