unit5 creating a caribbean spring festival(13页).doc

-unit5 creating a caribbean spring festival-第 13 页Unit5 creating a caribbean spring feativalObjectivesA topics and functions talking about festivals and activitiesTalking about the procedures of preparation and celebrationa Talking about folk customsB language knowledgeWords and phrases for Describing activities of festivalsExpressing customary or ceremonial celebrationsPart 1 brainstorming1.Expressions for Chinese festival:n (1) Spring Festival n (2) New Year's Dayn (3) The Lantern Festival 元宵节n (4) ChinMing Festival / Tombing Sweeping Festival 清明节n (5) Chinese Youth Day 青年节n (6) The Army's Festival 建军节n (7) Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节n (8) New Year's Eve 除夕n (9) National Day 国庆节n (10) Double Nineth Festival 重阳节n (11)The seventh evening of the seventh day 七夕2. Expressions for time before and after a festival:n (1) New Year's Even (2) The Christmas Even (3) Halloween's Even (4) Easter's Eve3.Expressions for activities for group celebrations:n (1) Dancingn (2) Singingn (3) Huntingn (4) Boatingn (5) Squibbing 放爆竹n (6) Fireworks 放烟花n (7) Firecrackers 放鞭炮n (8) Splasing Water 泼水节n (9) Wrestling 摔跤n (10) Horse Racing 赛马4.Expressions for activities for family celebrations:n 1) Family getting togethern (2) Enjoying the glorious full moonn (3) Having dinnern (4) Going outn (5) Ancestor worship 祭祖n (6) Bonfire night 篝火晚会n (7) Getting red packets 红包5.Expressions for activities for children's celebrations:n (1) Squibbing firecrackersn (2) Giving good wishesn (3) Getting gifts from parentsn (4) Wearing new clothesn (5) Eating delicious6.Expressions for traditional foods at the festival dinner:n (1) Steamed bread 馒头n (2) Dumplingsn (3) Yuanxiao 元宵n (4) Mooncaken (5) Rice dumpling 粽子n (6) Glutionous rice cake 糍粑n (7) Rum sweet wine dessert 甜酒Festivals In English Speaking Countriesp On Jan. 1 New Year's Day p On Feb. 14 Valentine' s Dayp In March or April Easter p On Apr. 1 April Fools' Day p In May Mother's Dayp On May 3 Memorial Day (U.S., Canada)p In June Fathers Day, Childrens Dayp On July 4 Independence Day (U.S.)p In September Labor Day (U.S., Canada)p In October Thanksgiving Day (U.S., Canada)p On Nov. 5 Guy Fawkes Day (U.K.)p In November Halloween/All Saints' Day p In December Christmasp After Christmas Boxing Day (U.K., Canada)Part 2 speakingTask 1: InterviewInterview one of your classmates about his/ her views on festivals, and then report your interview in small groups.He thinks that the most important festival to Chinese is the Spring Festival, because it is a traditional festival for family reunion. During the Spring Festival, the most important thing in his family is the New Year Eves dinner. All family members gather together to have a feast. This is an event that bears much cultural significance and is more than just delicious food. After the dinner, like many other families, his family will stay up till the midnight, see off the old year while waiting for the coming of the New Year. His parents and grandparents will give him some money as a lunar New Year gift. At midnight the celebration reaches its climax with the sound of firecrackers. On the first day of the New Year, his family often visits relatives and friends to extend their New Year Greetings. The celebration usually lasts until the 15th day, the Lantern Festival.Task 2: Short TalkPrepare a short talk about a festival moment you have experienced or an unusual or interesting celebration you have had or seen. Then give the talk in pairs. The most unforgettable celebration I have had on campus was my 20th birthday. I was a freshman then and was away from home for the first time. I missed home very much especially when my birthday was coming near, because my parents usually celebrated my birthday for me. On the morning of my birthday, nothing seemed special except some birth-day cards sent by my former classmates. That after-noon, I was in my dormitory and unexpectedly my parents came. They traveled a long way to this city I am studying in, bringing with them a birthday cake to celebrate my birthday. Mixed feeling came upon me when I saw them, tired but happy after a six-hour ride on bus. I had thought of receiving a phone callfrom my parents but I had never expected that they would bother to go that extra mile to make my birthday happy and memorable. Although we all have birthdays and we celebrate our own and those of friends many times in the course of our lifetime, I will never forget my first birthday I have had on campus because it always reminds me of my parents love for me. Task 3: Story TellingRead the directions on page 67 look at the picture and speculate on Spring Festival celebrations on MarsNew Activities on MarsThis year is our first festival on Mars. One of the differences I noticed was the celebration on Mars was not as noisy as that on the earth. We were instructed by the security bureau days before the festival that fireworks were strictly prohibited. In fact they dont need to worry about that because the space shuttle does not allow us to bring fireworks to Mars. Maybe they were worried about bootlegs who smuggled fireworks to our space station. For more information about Mars, read:1. The Sands of Mars by A.C. Clarke (1917- )2. Red Planet by R.A. Heinlein (1907-1988) 3. The Martian Chronicles by Ray Bradbury (1920- ) 4. Mars, Return to Mars by Ben Bova (1932- ) 5. Mars trilogy (Red Mars, Green Mars, Blue Mars) by Kim Stanley Robinson (1952- ) 6. The Martians by Kim Stanley Robinson (1952- ) Part 3 Reading ComprehensionDiscuss the following questions.1. Do you like the Spring Festival best? 2. Do you think it is less festive than before? 3. Do you think its necessary to keep our traditional culture? 4. What should we do to keep the most important traditional Chinese festivalthe Spring Festival? Lunar New Year Chinese New Year or Spring Festival is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It is sometimes called the Lunar New Year, especially by people outside China. It is an important holiday in East Asia. The festival traditionally begins on the first day of the first lunar month in the Chinese calendar and ends on the 15th; this day is called Lantern Festival.Kitchen God In Chinese folk religion and Chinese mythology, the Kitchen God, named Zao Jun or Zao Shen ， is the most important of a plethora of Chinese domestic gods (gods of courtyards, wells, doorways, etc.). It is believed that on the twenty third day of the twelfth lunar month, just before Chinese New Year he returns to Heaven to report the activities of every household over the past year to the Jade Emperor (Yu Huang) who rewards or punishes each household accordingly.Jade Emperor The Jade Emperor ，is the Taoist ruler of Heaven and all realms of existence below including that of Man and Hell according to a version of Taoist mythology. He is one of the most important gods of the Chinese Taoist pantheons.New Year coupletTaboos1. For years, people believe that they should not get a haircut during the first two days of the Lunar New Year, as this could cause the death of someone in the family.2. Another old convention told that bad luck would shadow anyone who shed blood on New Years Day. 3. Another New Years no-no is using scissors and kitchen knives. Therefore, in the past, many tailors stopped work for a few days. 4. The entire house should be cleaned before New Year's Day. On New Year's Eve, all brooms, brushes, dusters, dustpans and other cleaning equipment are put away. Sweeping or dusting should not be done on New Year's Day for fear that good fortune will be swept away. Everyone should refrain from using foul language and bad or unlucky words. Negative terms and the word "four"/SI/, which sounds like the word for death, are not to be uttered. Death and dying are never mentioned and ghost stories are totally taboo. References to the past year are also avoided, as everything should be turned toward the New Year and a new beginning. On New Year's Day, people are not supposed to wash their hair because it would mean washing away good luck for the New Year. Greetings1. Best wishes for the year to come!2. Good luck in the year ahead!3. May you come into a good fortune!4. Live long and prosper.5. May many fortunes find their way to you!6. I wish you longevity and health.Discovering the Spring FestivalPara 1 1 make an offer 要价，出价  还价 make an offer 还价，出价 make a profit 在.上赚钱 .eg In one study, researchers asked participants to shop for a new car, then make anoffer to buy it. 在一个研究中，研究人员让被试购买一辆新车，然后出价。2 swarm vi. 挤满；成群浮游；云集n. 蜂群；一大群vt. 挤满；爬v.swarmed,swarming,swarms To move or emerge in a swarm.To leave a hive as a swarm. Used of bees.To move or gather in large numbers.To be overrun; teem:Eg a riverbank swarming with insects. v.tr.To fill with a crowd:eg sailors swarming the ship's deck.3 appropriate英 'prprt  美 'proprt adj. 适当的vt. 占用；拨出 过去式 appropriated 过去分词 appropriated 现在分词 appropriating   适当的   恰当 拨出短语Appropriate technology 适用技术 ; 适宜技术 ; 适当科技 ; 适当的科学技术appropriate time 适当时间 ; 合适的时间 ; 适当的时间if appropriate 任选地 ; 如果有的话 ; 如果适当 ; 在适当情况下4 diminish vt. 使减少；使变小vi. 减少，缩小；变小To become smaller or less，decrease Eg diminish the cost of production 减小生产成本He likes to diminish the skill of others. 他喜欢贬低别人的技术。His illness diminished his strength.他的病削弱了他的体力。Para 2 1 mildewn. Any of various fungi that form a superficial, usually whitish growth on plants and various organic materials.powdery mildew 白粉病, 白粉菌wheat mildew 小麦霉v.t/i mildewed, mildewing,mildews To affect or become affected with mildew.2 detaindetain英 d'ten  美 d'ten vt. 拘留；留住；耽搁automatic detain 自动扣留detain provisionally 法 暂行拘留detain flood 滞洪耽搁，使延迟；留住；阻住，阻止：The heavy traffic detained us for half an hour.拥挤的交通使我们耽搁了半个小时。The bad weather detained the travellers for several hours.恶劣的天气耽搁了旅行者几个小时。扣押，拘留，禁闭；挽留：The police detained the suspect to make further inquiries.警察拘留那个嫌疑犯以便进一步审查。3 devoid adj. 缺乏的；全无的adj. Completely lacking; destitute or empty:a novel devoid of wit and inventiveness.一部缺乏创意和情趣的小说be devoid of common sense缺乏常识A well devoid of water is useless . 无水的井没有用途。Strategies for Translating Chinese Dish Names§ Concerning the cultural disparities, the translator should adopt the proper strategies so as to make his versionmore understandable and acceptable. Literal translation§ Literal translation is a strategy frequently used in translating Chinese dish names. When the target readerunderstands the information in the source text easily and clearly, the dish names may be translated literally.Most of the Chinese dishes are named after cooking methods, cooking utensils, ingredients, etc., the dishnames may be translated word-by-word. We may divide the dish names into several categories:concerning boiling (煮)§ Boiling includes instant boiling (即煮即食) and quick boiling (快煮). Hot pot belongs to instant boiling.Quick boiling means pouring the boiled soup on the utensil with food or pouring the food into boiled water andthen heating it, using small fire. For example:§ 盐水虾 - boiled shrimps with shell in salt water§ 煮羊腿 - boiled leg of mutton§ 葱油白鸡 - boiled chicken with scallions§ 涮羊肉 - instant boiled mutton§ 汆鲫鱼萝卜丝 - quick boiled crucian carp with shredded turnip;concerning stewing (煲、炖、焖)§ Stewing usually means cooking fish, meat, vegetables etc. slowly in simmering water, gravy or mixedingredients in a closed container. For instance:§ 甲鱼裙边煨肥猪肉- stewed calipash and calipee with fat pork§ 虾仁扒豆腐 - stewed shelled shrimps and tofu§ 鱼圆烧海参 - stewed sea cucumbers with fish balls§ 炖栗子鸡 - stewed chicken with chestnuts and green pepper§ 烧青衣鱼头 - stewed green wrasse head;Strategies for Translating Chinese Dish Names§ Concerning the cultural disparities, the translator should adopt the proper strategies so as to make his versionmore understandable and acceptable. Literal translation§ Literal translation is a strategy frequently used in translating Chinese dish names. When the target readerunderstands the information in the source text easily and clearly, the dish names may be translated literally.Most of the Chinese dishes are named after cooking methods, cooking utensils, ingredients, etc., the dishnames may be translated word-by-word. We may divide the dish names into several categories:concerning boiling (煮)§ Boiling includes instant boiling (即煮即食) and quick boiling (快煮). Hot pot belongs to instant boiling.Quick boiling means pouring the boiled soup on the utensil with food or pouring the food into boiled water andthen heating it, using small fire. For example:§ 盐水虾 - boiled shrimps with shell in salt water§ 煮羊腿 - boiled leg of mutton§ 葱油白鸡 - boiled chicken with scallions§ 涮羊肉 - instant boiled mutton§ 汆鲫鱼萝卜丝 - quick boiled crucian carp with shredded turnip;concerning stewing (煲、炖、焖)§ Stewing usually means cooking fish, meat, vegetables etc. slowly in simmering water, gravy or mixedingredients in a closed container. For instance:§ 甲鱼裙边煨肥猪肉- stewed calipash and calipee with fat pork§ 虾仁扒豆腐 - stewed shelled shrimps and tofu§ 鱼圆烧海参 - stewed sea cucumbers with fish balls§ 炖栗子鸡 - stewed chicken with chestnuts and green pepper§ 烧青衣鱼头 - stewed green wrasse head;Concerning braising (烧) and braising with soy sauce (红烧)§ Braising refers to cooking meat or vegetables slowly with gravy or other soup in a closed container until themeat turns brown.§ 干烧四季豆 - braised green bean§ 鱼香茄子 - braised egg plant§ 鸡翼鲍鱼片 - braised abalone with chicken wings§ 辣味烩虾 - braised prawns with chili sauce§ 烧元鱼 - braised soft-shelled turtle§ 红烧牛尾 - braised ox tail with brown sauce;concerning frying (油炸)§ Cooking something in boiling fat or oil is called frying, which may be divided into pan-frying (煎),stir-frying (炒), quick-frying (爆), deep-frying (炸), frying and simmering (扒), twice-cooked stir-frying (回锅).Deep frying includes dry deep-frying (干炸), soft deep-frying (软炸) and crisp deep-frying (脆炸).§ 煎明虾 - fried prawns with shell in gravy§ 炒猪腰片 - fried sliced pigs kidney§ 葱牛肉丝 - fried shredded beef with onion§ 炸桂鱼 - fried mandarin fish§ 炝丝田鸡 - fried frogs with ginger§ 香煎银雪鱼 - pan-fried cod fish in soya sauce§ 芫爆鳝鱼丝 - stir-fried eel slices with Chinese picklesconcerning baking (烘烤), broiling or grilling (铁烧), roasting (烧烤)§ Baking means cooking (food) by dry heat in an oven or on a hot surface, without direct exposure to a flame: grilling-cooking (food) under a grill or on a gridiron; roasting-cooking (food, esp. mea