必修3unit3宾语从句课件.ppt

GrammarWelcome to our class three!Can you tell me who she is?Audrey Hepburn奥黛丽奥黛丽赫本赫本 Do you know what Mark Twains real name is? Im Samuel Langhorne Clemens.How much do you know about me? Now, you become a millionaire. I wonder if you could lend me some money.I am too fat, can you tell me how I could lose weight.Pay attention to the sentences1 can you tell me who she is.2Do you know what Mark Twains real name is?3I wonder if you could lend me some money.4Could you tell me how I can lose weight? 宾语从句 The Object Clause I know him. Do you have money? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay attention to me? 什么是什么是宾语宾语？宾语宾语位于位于谓语动词谓语动词或者或者介词后介词后The Object Clause 从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常通常放在主句放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）谓语动词（及物动词）或或介词介词之后。之后。 (1)大部分大部分宾语从句宾语从句直接跟在直接跟在动词动词后后： e.g. He doesnt know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： e.g. He told me what I should read一、宾语从句的概念The Object Clausee.g. 1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) He asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态（一）引导词不同的引导词引导不同的引导词引导的宾语从句的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1 12 23 3e.g. 1.I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2.He said (that) he missed us very much. 3.The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.一由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句注注：that that 在句中在句中无词汇无词汇意义，在从句中不意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略thatthat不能省略的不能省略的2 2种情况种情况（2） We heard it that she would get married next month.（1）当）当that作介词作介词 宾语时宾语时They believe in that she must still be single. I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing. 如果宾语从句后跟有补语，通常用如果宾语从句后跟有补语，通常用it it作形式宾语，将宾语从句作形式宾语，将宾语从句放到补语之后。放到补语之后。 其常见结构为其常见结构为 think/find/make/think/find/make/consider+it+adj/n+thatconsider+it+adj/n+that从句从句二二 由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句I want to know whether/if he will go to park.2. Ask him whether/if he can come . 3. I wonder whether it is going to rain or not.4. Could you tell me whether/if Mr Li lives here?if/ whether if/ whether “是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask, wonder, ask, wonder, can(couldcan(could) you tell me ) you tell me 等后。等后。只能用只能用 whetherwhether不能用不能用 if if 的情况的情况1. 1. 在介词后面：在介词后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2. 在动词不定式前在动词不定式前(whether to do whether to do sthsth.) .) ： They asked me whether to go skating.3. .当与当与or notor not连用，或连用，或提出两种选择提出两种选择时时: : I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I wonder _ he is well.4. I dont know _ or not he is well.5. I dont know _ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhether 三三 由连接代词由连接代词who,whom,whose,which,whatwho,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,whenwhere,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从, ,代词或副词连接主句和代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，具有一定的意义，。1. He asked _could answer the question.(谁谁) 2. Do you know _they are waiting for? (谁谁)3. I dont believe _he said and _he did.(所所的的) )4. Do you know _we will have a meeting?(什么时候什么时候)5. Please tell me _he is.(哪里哪里)6. Can you tell me _I can get to the station?(怎样怎样)7. Could you tell me _the train is late? ? ( (为什么为什么) )who主语whom 宾语宾语whatwhat宾语宾语when时间状语时间状语where地点状语地点状语how方式状语方式状语why原因状语原因状语特殊疑问句特殊疑问句： Who is he?陈述句陈述句：He is a student.一般疑问句一般疑问句：Is he a studnt?我不知道他是谁我不知道他是谁我问他是否是个学生我问他是否是个学生。他说他是个学生。他说他是个学生。Watch陈述句陈述句作宾语引导词用作宾语引导词用无词义，可以省略无词义，可以省略that he is a studentHe says _（that）他说他是个学生。他说他是个学生。一般疑问句一般疑问句作宾语，引导词用作宾语，引导词用有有词义词义, ,“是否是否”，不作句子成分，不作句子成分 whether (if) he is a studentI ask him _ _ (语序用陈述语序用陈述)whether 或或if我问他是否是个学生。我问他是否是个学生。I dont know _（语序语序用陈述语气用陈述语气）who he is.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句作宾语，引导词用作宾语，引导词用，必须作句子成分必须作句子成分特殊疑问词特殊疑问词我不知道他是谁我不知道他是谁。（二）语序（二）语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+ +主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +其他成分其他成分His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . I dont know what did he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy . Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened? 注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what, whowhat, who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg: I dont know_.（正在发正在发生什么）生什么）Can you tell me who he is ?做主语做主语做表语做表语What is happening否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, imagine等，等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把一般要把否定词否定词转移转移到到上，上，从句谓语用肯定式从句谓语用肯定式。I dont think you are right. 我认为你是错的。我认为你是错的。 I dont believe_. 我认为你今天不会完成工作。我认为你今天不会完成工作。 you will finish the work today1. 1. 主句用现在时主句用现在时，从句可用任何时态，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago . vI hear that he will come tomorrow .2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时) ) 从句的时态一定要用从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）完成时）vI knew who lived here. vI saw she was talking with her mother. vHe asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. vHe said that he had seen it . Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me the earth moves around the sun.3. 3. 从句说明的是从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，象时， 仍用仍用。1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. I hear they _ it already. (return) 4. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) will be goes have returned had been rises 注意注意 一：一： whether与与 ifwhetherwhether的用法的用法 if if 动词动词suggest, advise, order, command, suggest, advise, order, command, insist, demand, require, request, insist, demand, require, request, 等后常等后常接含接含虚拟语气虚拟语气的宾语从句，既的宾语从句，既should+should+动词原形。动词原形。 I suggested that he (should ) do his homework. He insisted that we（should） leave at once.注意二：注意二：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. itthat注意三：注意三： it 作形式宾语作形式宾语 如果宾语从句后跟有如果宾语从句后跟有补语补语，通常用，通常用it it作作形式宾语，形式宾语，将宾将宾语从句语从句放到补语之后放到补语之后。 其常见结构为其常见结构为think/find/make/consider think/find/make/consider + + it it+ +adj/nadj/n + +thatthat从句从句summary 引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词） 语语 序序 时时 态态1.It was suggested that the money _(削减削减)on food and clothing. (cut)2.He told me that_(他知道他知道) the news before. (know)3.I cant imagine_(我的家乡会是什么样子我的家乡会是什么样子) in ten years. (what)4.Eat either cake you like and leave the other for _(任何谁来得晚的任何谁来得晚的) （come）5.His eyes stare at _(所剩下的所剩下的)of the brothers dinner on the table. (leave)(should) be cut downhe had knownwhat my hometown will be likewhoever comes latewhat is leftThank you for attention!