必修一unit1FriendshipGrammar.ppt

Direct Speech & Indirect Speech1.陈述句陈述句2.一般疑问句一般疑问句3.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句Unit 1 GrammarUnit 1 Grammar直引变间引：陈述句直引变间引：陈述句He says, “I like it very much.”He says that he likes it very much.He says to me, “Ive left my book in your room.He tells me that he has left his book in my room.a. a. 去引号，加去引号，加thatthatI say to her, “I have done my best.”I tell her that I have done my best.He says, “I like it very much.”He says that he likes it very much.He says to me, “youve left your book in my room.He tells me that I have left my book in his room.b. b. 变人称：变人称：I say to him,“ She has done my best.”I tell him that she has done her best.一随主，二随宾，第三人一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新称不更新He says，“I have finished my homework.”He says that he has finished his homework.c. c. 变时态变时态He says, “I like it very much.”He says that he likes it very much.He says，“I didnt break the window.”He says that he didnt break the window.He said, “I likes it very much.”He said that he liked it very much.He said to me, “I have lost my book.”He told me that he had lost his book.主现从不变，主过从也过主现从不变，主过从也过He said, “I know it.”He said that he knew it.He said, “Im making coffee for you all.”He said that he was making coffee for us all.He said, “I have seen her before.”He said that he had seen her before.He said, “I finished my homework.”He said that he had finished his homework.He said, “I will go to America.”He said that he would go to America.He said, “I had done it.”He said that he had done it.直接引语直接引语direct speech间接引语间接引语indirect speech一般一般现在现在时时一般一般过去过去时时现在现在进行时进行时过去过去进行时进行时现在现在完成时完成时过去过去完成时完成时一般一般过去过去时时过去完成过去完成时时一般一般将来时将来时过去过去将来时将来时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.” He said that he had lost a key there the day before. “I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him.Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.d. d. 变时间状语，地点状语，指示代词变时间状语，地点状语，指示代词直引直引间引间引时间状语时间状语thenthat daythe day beforethat week/monththat week/monthbeforethree days beforethe next day/the following day地点状语地点状语there指示代词指示代词thatShe said, “Ill come here again tonight.”She said she would go there again that night.He said, “I want this.”He said that he wanted that.May said to Tom, “Ill bring some photos here to you tomorrow.”May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day.e. e. 趋向性动词趋向性动词陈述句变化规则陈述句变化规则1.去，去，“ 加加 that2.变人称变人称3.变时态变时态4.时间状语，地点状语，时间状语，地点状语，指示代词，一些动词指示代词，一些动词一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新主现从不变，主现从不变，主过从也过主过从也过四变变四变变Tom said that there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时列时, 仅能省略第一个仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能其余的不能省略。省略。Tom said, “There isnt any trouble andIm waiting for my change (零钱零钱).”间接引语为间接引语为_ 从句。从句。陈述句解题步骤陈述句解题步骤: :“I dont like computers,” Joyce said to her friends.Joyce told her friendsthat (I dont like computers.)didntsheJoyce said to her friends that she didnt like computers.一般疑问句一般疑问句1. said变成变成asked sb.2. whether/if引导引导3. 变人称，变时态，地点状，指示代变人称，变时态，地点状，指示代4. 间引：陈述语序。间引：陈述语序。Tom said, “Do you have any difficulty with English?” Tom asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with English. 2. 一般疑问句一般疑问句:They said to him, “Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句He said to me, “Where are you from?” He asked me where I was from. He asked us, “How many factories are there in your country?” He asked us how many factories there were in our country. 1. said变成变成asked sb.2. 特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问词引导3. 变人称，时态，地点状，指示代变人称，时态，地点状，指示代4. 间引：陈述语序间引：陈述语序3. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：They said to him, “When do you harvest the wheat?”They asked him whenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.harvestedDirect speechIndirect speechSentence structure陈述句陈述句say/tell sb. (that) +从句从句一般疑问句一般疑问句ask/wonder +whether/if +陈述句语序陈述句语序特殊疑问句特殊疑问句ask/wonder +特疑词特疑词+陈述句语序陈述句语序2. 明确表示过去时间的状语明确表示过去时间的状语 The teacher said, “World War II ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.1. 真理、规律永一现真理、规律永一现 The teacher said to the students, “Light travels faster than sound.” The teacher told the students that light travels faster than sound.He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 部分情态动词部分情态动词, 如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.特殊时态变化特殊时态变化1. 真理规律永一现真理规律永一现2. 具体过去时间状，一过具体过去时间状，一过3. 某些情态动词不变某些情态动词不变1.have trouble with . 做某事有困难做某事有困难I have some trouble with my spelling.我拼写有些困难。我拼写有些困难。I have great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu.A. find B. foundC. to find D. findingLanguage pointsDHe asked me _ _ (我的英语进展如何我的英语进展如何). how I was getting along/on with my English2. get on / along ( well/badly/) with sb. 与某人相处与某人相处 get along with sth. 进展进展 He doesnt get along well with his classmates. 他与同学相处不好。他与同学相处不好。They have_ with each other for 30 yearsA. fallen in love B. fell in love C. been in love D. been fallen in love3. fall in love with sb. 爱上某个人爱上某个人 C3. exactly adv. 恰好地恰好地, 正确地正确地, 精确地精确地, 正是正是Their answers are exactly the same. 他们的回答完全一样。他们的回答完全一样。The train arrived exactly at 8 oclock. 火车八点钟准时到达火车八点钟准时到达。exactly speaking 确切的说确切的说not exactly“不很不很”表示轻微的否定表示轻微的否定Hes not exactly stupid, but hes too lazy. 他不很蠢他不很蠢, 但他太懒了。但他太懒了。1. Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through高考链接高考链接C2. Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advicesB4. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared sayD5. You look well. The air and the sea food in Sanya must_ you, I suppose.A. agree withB. agree toC. agree onD. agree aboutA6. What problems do they have _Money for the students in Mianyang?A. to raiseB. raisingC. to have raisedD. raisedCStepWhat should be writtenPart IPart IIPart IIIPresenting the problemProposing the solutionConclusionOutlineHow to write a letter of advice Connecting wordsIllustration(阐述阐述)Addition(递进递进)Contrast(转折转折)Summary(总结总结)I thinkI believeI suggestin my opinionsecondlyand thenbesidesin additionbuthoweveron the other handin shortin a wordthereforeso1.You will know the result if you add up all the numbers.2.We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting excitedly.3.After a long stay in hospital, Mary recovered.Page 41 translation4. Since LM settled here, he has got along well with his neighbors.5. If you dont want to stay with me, you can pack up and go.6. During the war, I suffered a lot. I wrote my diary to set my experiences down in order that I would remember them when I was old.Page 41 translationIndividual activity1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he looked today B. you look today C. we looked that day D. I looked that dayQuiz I: Multiple choice 2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walking then B. you are walking now C .they were walking then D. they walking now 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walked last week B. he had walked that week C. I walked last week D. he has walked this week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shall tomorrow B. I shall the next day C. he should tomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were we this B. that we were that C. if were we this D. if we were that6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he heard a week ago B. what he had heard a week before C. what he had heard a week ago D. if he heard a week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will he next time B. would he the next time C. he would the next time D. he will next time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. if rise B. if rises C. whether rose D. whether did riseQuiz II A) 根据句型及句意将下列直接引语根据句型及句意将下列直接引语 变为间接引语，每空一词。变为间接引语，每空一词。1. Alice said, “Ive just got a letter from my father.” Alice said that _ _ just got a letter from _ father. sheherhad2. Jane asked Dick, “Have you finished writing the report?” Jane asked Dick _ _ _ _ writing the report. whether/ifhefinishedhad3. Mr. Smith said to the girl, “I will come here to see you next Sunday.” Mr. Smith _ the girl that _ _ _ there to see _ _ _ Sunday. toldhe would goherthe followingB) 根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变 为直接引语，每空一词。为直接引语，每空一词。 1. He told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. He _ _ me, “A friend in need _ a friend indeed.” saidis to2. She said that she had received a letter two days before. She said, “_ _ a letter _ _ _ .”3. He asked me whether I liked black tea or green tea. He asked me, “_ _ _ black tea or green tea?” Itwo days agoDo you like received