中西建筑文化差异 英汉对照(6页).doc

-中西建筑文化差异 英汉对照-第 6 页Distinguished Prof. Li, Ladies & Gentlemen, Dear fellows :Good afternoon !In todays meeting, I will be discussing about the subject of the differences between Chinese & western architecture, Now, please allow me to get directly into the point:尊敬的李星老师，同学们，女士们先生们:下午好！ 今天的会议，我主要讲中西方建筑文化的差异，现在请允许我直入主题。First of all, there we go for the entire part,The ppt is divided into 7 parts, with each parts demonstrating some of the general information about the differentiations between Chinese and western architecture, and basically, about the styles, as well.首先则是有关整个部分， 整个PPT分为7个部分，每一个部分都有讲解中西方建筑文化,同时也是建筑风格差异的一些大体信息。Now lets take a brief look at the pictures in the ppt No.3 and ppt No. 4, and few of these pictures on the screen reveals two typically different styles of the buildings under the vastly different circumstances, whether in china, or in western countries.我们首先来看一下第三章ppt和第四章ppt, 这些ppt上的图片都显示/反映出中西方两种在不同环境下显现出的截然不同的建筑风格。The first part will be the Architectural Materials:Firstly, Traditional Chinese architects use wooden materials that is easily accessible from the local areas as the basic, also for the main building materials. However, The main building material of the western traditional architecture are mostly, the stones. One of the examples are the picture here, the cathedral with a typical Catholics design. 第一部分则会讲到建筑材料：首先，中国传统建筑师多使用在本地易得到的木质材料作为基本材料， 同时也作为主要的建材。然而西方的传统建筑材料则多使用石材作为建筑材料, 其中一个例子就是下面这个具有典型天主教风格设计的教堂。In the second part, we will be discussing about the Architectural Structure:u Traditional Chinese people believe in the idea of nature-human integration. u In Chinese culture, it advocate that men should maintain a relationship of balancing & harmonization with nature.u Therefore, Chinese architecture is required to be getting close to the nature, besides, the design of many small hills and ponds are necessary in its preparation and forethoughts in the range of design of Chinese traditional gardens. u The designers pursues for the harmony of the man, the nature , and the architecture . 第二部分我们会讲到建筑结构：传统的中国文化坚持“天人合一”的理念。中国文化中提倡人与自然应当维持平衡和谐的观点。因此中国建筑多接近自然，在中国建筑设计的范畴中,小山和池塘的设计必须作为前期准备的考量。设计者追求人与自然以及建筑的和谐统一。While the situation may seem to be disparate in the western world. as for the Western countries , they advocate individualism which cares much about each individuals. Thus the Western traditional architectures are tend to be detached patterns , in which most Chinese traditional architectures are aggregate patterns. 然而这种情形在西方国家中似乎就不同了， 因西方国家的文化中提倡个人主义，所以在西方建筑的设计中倾向于离散型建筑， 而中国的建筑设计则倾向于聚集型建筑。In the third part, we will be discussing about the Architectural Beauty distinctively:第三部分会讲到中西方建筑的不同的美感:Reason： the differentiations between aesthetic standards and value perceptions 其原因来源于:中西方在建筑美学标准和价值取向上的不同。u The geomantic culture and the theory of Feng Shui - including the five natural elements earth, water, fire, metal and wood are well considered popular in Chinese traditional architecture. u Western architects care much about aesthetic geometry in their architecture. 风水文化和包括五行在内的风水理论在中国建筑设计当中广受欢迎。西方建筑设计中多注重“几何美”。4. Architectural Distribution u The Chinese traditional architecture is built in group. i.e, each individual buildings and structures, when being constructed closely , consist to a large-scale architectural complex. u Basically, they extend crosswise/horizontally in space, required axial symmetry, emphasizing on the effect of depth. u The city distribution is inclined to be rectangular.u The overall styles are introversive, close, strict and all these reflect the facet of the implication of privacy. 第四部分：建筑分布/布局中国传统建筑通常以集群式建造，也就是说，每个独立的建筑物在建造时距离较近，因此组成了一个大规模建筑群。中国的建筑分布在空间上以交叉式为主，讲求轴对称，强调建筑的深度。总体建筑布局倾向于长方形布局。总体设计风格为内向封闭式，强调对于外部环境中关于隐私的部分。u The western traditional architecture extends vertically in the space, requires to be tall, stressing on the straight effect. u Their city distribution is usually concentric. u The overall styles are extroverted, open, active, enterprising/ aggressive. 西方传统建筑则在空间上垂直发展，讲求高大，强调建筑的高度。总体建筑布局通常为同心同轴式布局。总体设计风格为外向开放式，强调主动、进取的精神。5. The “Art language” of Chinese & Western Architecture第五个部分： 中西方建筑的艺术u The western architecture usually develops in lengthways with its spires point to the sky. u How to support these stone roofs up to sky is the key of the architecture art. u So the essence of the western architecture is the poles and pillars, while the roof decides which styles they belong to. u The distinction of the roof leads to different traditional architecture styles such as Greek & Rome style, Baroque style, Byzantine style, reconnaissance style, etc., 西方建筑通常呈纵向型发展，通常有屋顶尖，高高地指向天空。其关键在于这些由石头制成的屋顶和屋顶尖。因而，西方建筑的精华在于建筑的台柱，建筑屋顶的形状又决定了各自的风格。u The bracket set is the essence of Chinese traditional architecture. u Different styles of cornices with which mostly the animals of 12 zodiac signs had been adopted in the Chinese traditional buildings which make out different art effects. Some looks vivid, while the other appears to be serious and overwhelming. u Cornice can be used to express the owners social status and identity of the residence, especially in pavilions, terraces and towers.斗拱的设计则是中国建筑的本质。飞檐的设计通常由十二生肖的动物作为主要部分，并有不同的影响，有一些看起来栩栩如生，另一些则庄严肃穆。飞檐可用于表示屋主的社会身份、地位，尤其用于小亭子、阳台和佛塔上。6.Architectural Value Perceptions u Chinese traditional architecture emphasizes on goodness. That is, people pay attention to the architectural practicality since Chinese think that the architecture is man-made.u The Western traditional architecture shows the eternity. It is regarded as Gods masterpiece, and prominence to beauty is to be given. In addition, architectural artistry takes priority. 第六部分：中西方建筑中不同的价值取向中国传统建筑强调“好处”，也就是说，人们通常注意建筑的实际价值， 因为中国人认为建筑是“人造”的，为“人”服务的。西方传统建筑则强调建筑的永久性，因为西方人将其看作是“上帝的杰作”，因此建筑中美的一面必须体现出来，除此之外，在西方建筑中，艺术性也会被优先考虑。7.Conclusion All the aspects from the above are that The culture of Chinese and Western architecture represent two terminals due to their different Ø history originsØ customsØ psychological constructionsØ national ethnicityØ ways of thinking Ø value perceptions/orientation Ø More of the reasons still awaiting to explore. 第七部分：结论通过以上几个方面的分析，我们可以得出中西方建筑文化的差异主要由以下几点造成：历史渊源风俗习惯心理状态民族道德伦理思维方式价值取向其他的一些因素，仍待我们去深入了解、发掘Thank you for you attention 谢谢大家！