译林版小学英语5B五年级下册56单元知识点汇总.doc
译林版小学英语5B五年级下册5-6单元知识点汇总小学英语5B第五单元知识点一、四会单词1. 擦、洗clean: 是动词：第三单: cleans, +ing：cleaning(直接法) 短语：clean the car(洗小汽车) clean the classroom（打扫教室） clean the table(擦桌子)， clean 也可以做形容词：干净的： a clean classroom(一间干净的教室) 区分：wash: wash clothes(洗衣服) wash the dishes(洗碗) 2. 烧、煮cook: 是动词：第三单: cooks, +ing：cooking(直接法) 短语：cook breakfast/lunch/dinner(做早餐/中餐/晚餐), cook nice food(烹饪美食)，cook fish(烧鱼) cook也可做名词：厨师：a good cook (一名好厨师)区分：make: make a cake(做蛋糕) make a salad(做沙拉)3. 忙碌busy: 是形容词：前面用be动词：My mother is busy. 反义词： free（空闲的） 4. 花园garden: 是名词：复数：gardens, 短语：in the garden(在花园里) 区分：park 5. 甜的sweet: 是形容词，前面用be动词：My grapes are big and sweet. 短语：so sweet（如此的甜） too sweet（太甜）, very sweet（很甜）sweet也可做名词：糖果： eat too many sweets(吃太多的糖) 二、三会单词6. 父母parents: 是复数名词， 做主语时是其他人称，对应的助动词是do， be动词是are， 7. 扫地sweep the floor: 是动词短语，sweep：第三单：sweeps, +ing: sweeping(直接法) 8. 洗碗wash the dishes: 是动词短语，wash：第三单：washes(+es), +ing: washing(直接法) 9. 整理床铺make the bed：是动词短语，make：第三单：makes, +ing: making(去e法) 10. 种植 grow： 是动词：第三单：grows, +ing: growing(直接法), 短语：grow grapes(种葡萄) grow flowers(种花) 同义：plant11. 害虫pest：是名词：复数：pests, 区分：rest12. 瓢虫ladybird：是名词， 复数：ladybirds, 13. 走了，离开go away：是动词短语，go：第三单：goes(+es), +ing: going(直接法) 类似短语：run away(跑了) fly away（飞了）三、短语1.周六早上Saturday morning 2.在周六早上 on Saturday morning 3.洗小汽车 clean the car 或clean a car 4.帮他 help him(动宾) 5.做早餐 cook breakfast(lunch, dinner) 6.在起居室里 in the living room 7.扫地 sweep the floor 8.在他卧室里 in his bedroom 9.擦桌子 clean the table 10.整理床铺 make the bed 11.洗衣服 wash clothes 12.洗碗 wash the dishes（dish的复数要加es） 13.在下午 in the afternoon 14.今天下午 this afternoon(前面没有in) 15.很忙 very busy 16.我和海伦 Helen and I 17.吃水果 eat fruit(fruit是不可数名词) 18.看电视 watch TV 19.帮助他们的父母 help their parents 20.葡萄上的害虫 the pests on the grapes(在某处的某某要先翻译后一个某某) 21.听风儿吹 listen to the wind blowing 22.看着花儿生长 watch the flowers growing 23.喜欢坐着 like sitting 或like to sit 24.喜欢唱歌 like singing 或like to sing 25.把水壶放在上面 put the kettle on 26.把水壶拿下来 take the kettle off 27.种葡萄 grow grapes 28.在她的花园里 in her garden 29.又大又甜 big and sweet 30.走了 go away31.跑了 run away 32.飞了 fly away33.喜欢画画 like drawing（like+动词ing） 34.想要画 would like to draw 或want to draw（动词不定式：to+动词原形）35.画一件连衣裙 draw a dress 36.画得好 draw well (动词+副词)37.在厨房里 in the kitchen 38.当心 look out 四、知识点1. 现在进行时：正在做某事提示词：listen, now, look, 现在XX点，某人在做某事, XXX在哪？正在做某事,现在进行时的构成：am, is, are + 动词ing.例句：am:肯定句：I am helping him. ( 我在帮他。) is：肯定句：She is cooking dinner. ( 她在做晚饭。) 否定句：Im not helping him. ( 我不在帮他。) 否定句：She isnt cooking dinner. ( 她不在做晚饭。)一般疑问句：Are you helping him? ( 你在帮他吗？) 一般疑问句：Is she cooking dinner? ( 她在做晚饭吗？)肯定答：Yes, I am. ( 是的， 我在。I 和am不能缩写) 肯定答：Yes, she is. ( 是的，她在。she 和is不能缩写)否定答：No, Im not. ( 不，我不在。) 否定答：No, she isnt. 或 No, shes not. ( 不，她不在。)特殊疑问句：What are you doing? ( 你在做什么？) 特殊疑问句：What is she doing? ( 她在做什么？)are:肯定句：They are eating fruit. ( 他们在吃水果。) 否定句：They arent eating fruit. ( 他们不在吃水果。) 一般疑问句：Are they eating fruit? ( 他们在吃水果吗？) 肯定答：Yes, they are. ( 是的， 他们在。they 和are不能缩写) 否定答：No, they arent. ( 不，他们不在。) 特殊疑问句：What are they doing? ( 他们在做什么？) 其他：Where is Tim? He is sleeping in his bedroom. (Tim 在哪里？ 他正在卧室里睡觉。) Its four oclock in the afternoon. Mike is playing football in the playground. (现在是下午四点。Mike 正在操场上踢足球。) Where is she singing? Shes singing in the music room. (她正在哪里唱歌？她正在音乐教室里唱歌。) Who is cooking dinner? Mikes mother. / Mikes mother is. (谁在做晚饭？是迈克的妈妈。) Who is watching TV? Tim and Jim. / Tim and Jim are. (谁在看电视？是Tim和Jim)2. 动词现在分词的构成：（1）直接法：cleaning, cooking, sweeping, sleeping, doing, washing, helping, watching, eating, growing, blowing, singing, going, drawing, drawing, （2）去e法： skate skating, makemaking, dancedancing, writewriting , have having , ride riding come coming, taketaking, leave leaving, wake waking（3）双写法： putting， running， beginning， stopping， swimming， shopping，chatting, sitting , getting, winning3. 动词+宾格：Im helping him. Helen and I are helping her. We can help you.4. am is are + 形容词：My mother is busy. 5. 我和某某某：Helen and I are helping her.6. 单数变复数：dishdishes 7. 动词第三单：washwashes 8. 不可数：fruit 9. 同义： grow = plant 10. like doing和like to do: I like singing. I like to sing in the morning.11. 介词： in the kitchen, in his bedroom, in the living room, in the morning, in the evening, in his garden, like to sing, listen to the wind blowing, like to sit, put the kettle on, on the grapes, take it off12. 特殊疑问词who的用法： 情态动词: Who can play basketball well? Mike. / Mike can. (谁篮球打得好？是迈克) Who should have a rest at home? Su Hai. / Su Hai should. (谁应该在家休息？ 是苏海。) 一般现在时：Who lives on Moon Street? Su Hai and Su Yang. / Su Hai and Su Yang do.(谁住在月亮街？是苏海和苏阳。) Who walks to school? Yang Ling. / Yang does. (谁步行上学？是杨玲。)现在进行时：Who is cooking dinner? Mikes mother. / Mikes mother is. (谁在做晚饭？是迈克的妈妈。) Who is watching TV? Tim and Jim. / Tim and Jim are. (谁在看电视？是Tim和Jim)13. ing字母组合在单词中发/ /音的单词有：bring, morning, sing, spring, evening, living room, anything, king, swing, wing, finger, stocking, pudding, dumpling, 以及动词现在分词中的ing（swimming, drawing）小学英语5B第六单元知识点一、四会单词1. 蔬菜vegetable: 可数名词：复数：vegetables, 短语：green vegetables(绿色蔬菜) grow vegetables(种植蔬菜)2. 西红柿tomato: 可数名词：复数：tomatoes(加es, 类似的：potatoes, mangoes, heroes, 不同的：zoos, photos, radios), 短语：tomato juice（西红柿汁） tomato soup（西红柿汤）3. 土豆potato: 可数名词：复数：tomatoes(加es) 短语：cook meat with potatoes(土豆烧肉) 4. 寻找look for: 动词短语，区分：find（find强调寻找的结果， look for强调寻找的过程） 5. 喜爱love: 动词，第三单：loves, +ing: loving（去e法） 同义：like6. 面包bread: 不可数名词， 对应的助动词是does，be动词是is，二、三会单词7. 运动，比赛 game：是名词，复数：games， 短语：a football game(一场足球比赛) play computer games(玩电脑游戏) play a game或 play games (玩游戏), 同义：match8.有气味，闻起来smell：是动词，第三单：smells, +ing: smelling, smell +形容词：smell nice(闻起来很香)9. 肉 meat：不可数名词，对应的助动词是does，be动词是is， 短语：cook meat with potatoes(土豆烧肉)10. 我等不及了！I cant wait!:11. 准备好ready：是形容词，前面用be动词：Dinner is ready.准备好做某事：be ready for + 名词,be ready to + 动词原形 12. 好吃的，美味的yummy：是形容词，前面用be动词：Its yummy. 同义：nice, delicious13. 获胜，赢win：是动词，第三单：wins, +ing: winning(双写法)14. 太好了，太棒了yeah： 是副词， 同义： great15. 生气的，愤怒的angry：是形容词，前面用be动词：He is very angry. 生某人的气：be angry with sb, 反义：happy16. 斑，点spot：是名词，复数：spots, 10个点的瓢虫是害虫，7个点的瓢虫是益虫。17. 抓，抓住catch：是动词，第三单：catches(加es), +ing: catching(直接法) 短语：catch a ladybird(抓住一只瓢虫)18. 赶走 driveaway：动词短语，drive：第三单：drives +ing：driving（去e法）短语：drive the pests away(赶走害虫)三、短语1.回家come home或go home 2.一场足球比赛 a football game 或 a football match3.烧肉cook meat (meat不可数) 4.闻起来很香smell nice （smell后面跟形容词）5.洗一些蔬菜wash some vegetables 6.烧一些西红柿汤cook some tomato soup(soup不可数)7.做土地烧肉cook meat with potatoes 8.等不及cant wait9.寻找look for 10.在冰箱里in the fridge 11.一些苹果汁 some apple juice 12. 一些橙汁some orange juice (juice不可数) 13.准备好了be ready 14.吃肉eat the meat 或eat meat15.一位很棒的厨师a great cook 16.穿过我们的小镇 through our little town17.用筷子吃eat with chopsticks 18.戴着她的金色王冠wear her golden crown19.用刀叉吃eat with a knife and fork 20. 许多害虫a lot of pests 或 lots of pests 或 many pests21.晚上六点 six oclock in the evening 22. 在晚上六点at six oclock in the evening23.吃葡萄eat grapes 24.赶走坏瓢虫drive the bad ladybirds away25.赶走害虫drive the pests away 26.十个点ten spots27.做一个沙拉make a salad 28.烧一些土豆汤cook some potato soup29.从学校回家come home from school 30.又累又饿tired and hungry31.面包和水果bread and fruit 32.闻起来很香甜smell sweet （smell后面跟形容词）33.喝水drink water 34.刷他的牙brush his teeth35.穿上他的外套put on his coat 36.沿着这条街走walk along this street 或 go along this street37.喜欢吃苹果like eating apples 38.在她的花园里in her garden39.牛奶和果汁milk and juice 40.不错not bad四、知识点1. 单数变复数：knifeknives(以f或fe结尾的名词变复数要把f或fe变为ves) potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes, mangomangoes, 2. 动词第三单：catchcatches (以sh, ch结尾的动词变第三单时加es: washes, watches, teaches.)3. 动词不定式（to + 动词原形）：come + to + 动词原形：Sam comes to help Bobby. Monkey, Rabbit and Elephant come to see Bobby. want + to + 动词原形：I want to cook some tomato soup. would like + to +动词原形：Id like to cook some tomato soup. Would you like to cook some tomato soup?(要用some)happy + to + 动词原形：Bobby is very happy to help them. how+ to + 动词原形：Do you know how to get to City Cinema?4. am, is, are +形容词：He is very angry. Its yummy. Its nice. Dinner is ready.5. look for和find：find强调寻找的结果， look for强调寻找的过程：I cant find my pen. Im looking for my pen.6. 不可数名词：juice， soup, bread, meat, water, milk, fruit, 7. 动词+宾格： They cant help me. They can help you. I love it too.8. from: Liu Tao comes home from a football game. Sam catches a ladybird from the grapes.9. 10个点的瓢虫是害虫，7个点的瓢虫是益虫。10. 中国人用筷子吃饭。西方人用刀叉吃饭。11. 介词： in the evening, in the kitchen, in the fridge, in Bobbys garden,come home from a football match, catch a ladybird from the grapes,cook meat with potatoes, eat with chopsticks, look for some juice, through our little town, come to help, on Sams hand, 12. qu字母组合在单词中发/ kw /音的单词有： quick, queen, quiet, quite, quack, 7 / 7
