专题01 名词与冠词-2022年高考英语备考学易黄金易错点（原卷版）(5页).doc

-专题01 名词与冠词-2022年高考英语备考学易黄金易错点（原卷版）-第 5 页1(2016·新课标，61)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top _(attract)2(2016·新课标，69)The nursery team switches him every few _(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed.3(2016·新课标，42)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of _(achieve)4(2016·新课标，46)Recent _(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly来源:学,科,网5(2016·新课标，68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the _ (develop)of chopsticks.6(2016·四川，65)Any smell might attract natural _(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.7(2016·浙江，4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late _(pay)may affect your credit.来源:学科网8(2016·浙江，8)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _ _(different)unite，rather than divide us.9(2016·新课标，70)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed，_ other is with mumshe never suspects.10(2016·新课标，48)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.易错起源1 望词生义例1 We most prefer to say yes to the_of someone we know and like.(attempts, requests, doubts, promises)【名师点睛】同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。如近几年高考中常出现的：来源:学科网(1)expectation(期望)；reputation(声誉)；contribution(贡献)；civilization(文明)(2)accommodation(住宿)；occupation(职业)；adaptation(适应，改编)；appreciation(欣赏)易错起源2 误用冠词例2、I can't tell you _ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have _ Wilson here in the village.【名师点睛】1用于表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词等之前。Knowledge begins with practice.知识从实践开始。Teachers should be respected.教师应该受到尊重。2东、西方都有的节日名称前不用冠词，如：New Year's Day, Christmas, National Day, Army Day等；但中国的节日一般用定冠词，如：the Spring Festival, the Mid­Autumn Festival等。3月份、日期前一般不用冠词，如：in October, on March 8等。4三餐名词前不用冠词，如：have breakfast/lunch/dinner等。但有定语修饰时需加不定冠词，如：have a big breakfast，have a wonderful lunch等。来源:Z*xx*k.Com5表示体育运动的名词前不用冠词，如：play football/cards/chess等；但乐器名词前需加定冠词，如：play the violin/the piano等。6用于作表语、补足语、同位语的唯一职位名词前。来源:Z.xx.k.ComJohn is captain of the team.约翰是这个队的队长。They elected him president of the society.他们选他为协会会长。7用于表示“变成”的turn后、作表语的单数名词前。He was a teacher before he turned writer.他成为作家之前是教师。8用于让步状语从句倒装的单数可数名词前。Child as he is (Although he is a child), he knows a lot.他虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。9用于某些用介词by构成的表方式的短语中。by bus 乘公共汽车 by plane/by air 乘飞机by land 走陆路 by sea 走海路by phone 用电话 by letter 用信件by post 用邮寄 by hand 用手工10用于某些独立主格结构中。The teacher came in, book in hand (with a book in his hand)老师走了进来，手里拿着书。【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】冠词运用一定要注意语境。来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K易错起源3 序数词、比较级、最高级前误用定冠词来源:Z#xx#k.Com例3His English is _ second to none. And he is going to learn _ second language in _ second grade.A/；a；the Bthe；the；aC/；the；a Da；the；the【名师点睛】来源:Zxxk.Com1泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。A teacher shouldn't talk like that.来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K教师不应当那样讲话。2用于序数词前表示“又一”“再一”。用于形容词最高级前意为“很，非常”。来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§KWe'll have to do it a second time.我们得再做一次。He is a most wise man.他是一个十分明智的人。3用于具体化了的抽象名词前。He was a success in business.他是事业成功人士。4在专有名词前表示“某一个”“类似的一个”。来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§KA Mr. Smith wants to see you.一位史密斯先生想见你。5用于of短语中表示“同一”(the same)。来源:学科网ZXXKTom and Kate are of an age.汤姆与凯特同岁。易错起源4 名词固定搭配【名师点睛】高考考查名词构成的固定搭配主要有两类：“动词名词”和“介词名词”。如：have a good reputation，take advantage of和in great demand, in quantity.在处理此类题目时，一要读懂句子的题干意义，二要注意短语的构成和意义以及不同语境下的应用。易错起源5 名词的一词多义与熟词新义例5、Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well, you know, English is my _. So it is my best choice.(strength, talent, ability, skill)【名师点睛】名词的一词多义与熟词新义是考查的重点和难点，因此在复习过程中，要注意学会在语境中掌握同义词的细微差别，全面掌握词汇的多层含义。如interest既要知道它有“兴趣，趣味”的意思，又要知道它的另一层意思：“利益；好处”。1In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed _ very large stone.2ike many popular restaurants in Paris，_(reserve)are hard to get at Dave，so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door.来源:学科网3He pushed and pulled with all his _(strong)to move it.4He asked _(permit)to introduce his friend，whose name was Mr Wickham，and who had apparently arrived recently from London.来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K5Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of _(adolescent)6Girls are luckier than boys；they have more flexible _(choose)than boys.7I have a strong _(believe)that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets，too.来源:Zxxk.Com8So I asked her why she sat there in _(silent)9About 20 percent of _(baby)feel nervous when they see strangers.10There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _(hour)