新译林英语六年级下册unit3知识点讲解(4页).doc
-新译林英语六年级下册unit3知识点讲解-第 4 页Unit 3 A healthy diet学习地图：进一步区分可数名词和不可数名词的用法 初步了解并运用一些不定代词 了解健康饮食中的食品名称和饮料名称 掌握字母组合ou在单词中的读音规律地图导读本单元围绕两个人物的一日三餐和饮食习惯，启发我们思考什么才是健康的饮食。课文中出现了一些食物类和饮料类的单词，同学们要分清这些单词中哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。可数名词和不可数名词前面通常会有不定代词来修饰，如a few,a little,alot of,some等，同学们要分清用法。1. 可数名词和不可数名词（1） 可数名词：可数名词在使用时有单数与复数的区别，表示一个的概念用单数，表示两个或两个以上的概念用复数。同学们要重点掌握可数名词复数的构成规律。（2） 不可数名词：通常分为个体的物质、材料等属于不可数名词，如water,juice,rain,hair,paper等；表示人或事物品质、情感、状态等抽象概念的名词也属于不可数名词，如：time,weather等。 2. 不定代词不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。通常用a few,many,some,a lot of修饰可数名词，如a few eggs,many vegetables;用a little,a lot of,some等修饰不可数名词，如a little water,a lot of rice,some juice。基础知识讲解【Story time】1. a healthy diet 健康饮食健康health （形容词）healthy健康的（副词）healthily健康地healthy(反义词)unhealthy2. eat sweets吃糖果 drink water喝水 a little water一点儿水3. a little意为“一点；少许”，修饰不可数名词。如：a little juice。 a few意为“一点；少许”，修饰可数名词。如：a few friends。比较：little修饰不可数名词，但是它是否定词。 few修饰可数名词，它也是否定词。如：He drank little water today.他今天几乎没喝水。 She has few friends.她没几个朋友。4. Mike has some bread and milk for breakfast.迈克吃些面包，喝点牛奶当早餐。5. a lot of rice许多米饭 a lot of noodles许多面条 some fish一些鱼 some meat一些肉 some vegetables一些蔬菜 a few eggs几个鸡蛋 sweet food喜欢甜食 at a time一次 6. like后面的动词用动名词形式，表示一种爱好或长期的习惯。 如：He likes drinking water.他喜欢喝水。 My father likes reading newspapers before breakfast.我爸爸早饭前喜欢读报。7. 归纳本部分出现的不可数名词：water,bread,milk,juice,rice,meat8. 句型：-What do you have for breakfast? -I have. -What about lunch and dinner? -For lunch and dinner, I have a lot of/some. -Do you have a healthy diet? -Does he/she have a healthy diet? -Yes,I do./No,I dont. - Yes,he/she does.或No,he/she doesnt.【Grammar time】名 词名词表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以be动词总是用is或者was；1. 可数名词如何变“复数形式”：a.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, egg-eggs, cake-cakes b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, peach-peaches c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：studt-studies, library-libraries d.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives, wife-wives,thief-thieves e.以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况 1）有生命的+es 如：mango-mangoes potato -potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes 2) 无生命的+s 如：photo-photos radio-radios 不规则变化1）man-men woman-women child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice 2) 单复数同形的名词，如：deer(鹿), sheep(羊), Chinese, Japanese,fish-fish(强调鱼的条数)3）还有一些名词本身就是以复数形式出现的。如:shorts , jeans, socks, clothes, trousers, shoes2.不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice判断步骤： 如是am、is或was原形读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看be动词 如是are或were变复数【Sound time】 Mrs Li shouts, “Get out! Get out!” Theres a little mouse in her house.about house mouth out shout / /【Culture time】Chinese people often have some porridge and steamed buns for breakfast.Weatern people often have cereal,bread,eggs and sausages for breakfast.porridge稀饭 steamed buns馒头 cereal谷物sausage香肠，腊肠wesrern people西方人【Cartoon time】1. There is not much food in the fridge.2. I have to go to the supermarket. Do you want to come with me?have to意为“不得不；必须”，后面接动词的原形。come with me跟我来3. some drinks一些饮品；一些饮料4. Mum,can I have some cola? 妈妈，我可以喝点可乐吗？ can可以用于表示提出请求，建议或邀请的问句吗。5. You shouldnt drink too much cola.should应该-shouldnt不应该 too much意为”太多“，修饰不可数名词。too many修饰可数名词6. rice意为”大米；米饭”，是不可数名词。7. take the big bag拿这个大袋子8. Now they are going home. 此句还是用be going to引导的一般将来时9. too heavy太重了 have a rest休息一下【Checkout time】词汇：rice大米 fish鱼 meat肉 cola可乐 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 egg鸡蛋 vegetables蔬菜注意：tomato(复数)tomatoes potato(复数)potatoes补充：carrot胡萝卜 green pepper青椒 broccoli花椰菜，西兰花 cabbage白菜 steak牛排 lettuce莴苣，生菜
