八年级下英语第一单元词汇语法和练习(11页).doc

-八年级下英语第一单元词汇语法和练习-第 11 页. 本单元重点词汇：robot n. 机器人 everything pron. 每件事，所有事物 paper n. 纸张use v.使用，利用 tree n.树 building n. 房子 space n.空间，太空 took v.拿（take的过去式），接受 fly v. 飞，飞翔 moon n. 月亮 fall v. 落下，跌倒（过去式fell） alone adv. 单独地，独自地pet n. 宠物 probably adv. 可能地 dress v. 穿 n. 衣服which pron. 哪一个 even adv. 甚至， 更加 wrote v.（write的过去式）写，写作myself pron. 我自己 interview n. 面试 future n. 未来company n. 公司 came v.（come的过去式）来，发生 thought v. (think的过去式)想，认为scientist n. 科学家 unpleasant adj. 使人不愉快的 however adv. 然而hundred num. 一百 already adv. 早已，已经 made v. (make的过去式)使，factory n. 工厂 simple adj. 简单的 such adj. 这样的，如此的everywhere adv. 到处 human n. 人类 shape n. 形状snake n. 蛇 huge adj. 巨大的 possible adj. 可能的electric adj. 有电的 seem v. 好像，仿佛 impossible adj. 不可能的 housework n. 家务劳动 apartment n. 公寓 wear v. 穿着，戴着less adj. （little的比较级与不可数名词连用）较少的，更少的 fewer adj. （few的比较级, 与复数动词或名词连用）更少的. 本单元重点短语：space station 空间站 fall in love with 喜欢上，爱上 go skating 去滑冰go swimming 去游泳 be able to 能（做） come true 实现hundreds of 成千上万的 in the future 未来 look forin ten years 十年后 in 100 years一百年以后III：本单元重点句型：People will have robots in their rooms. 未来人们家里会使用机器人。People wont use money. 人们不会再使用钱。Will people live to 200 years? 人们会活到200岁吗？There will be more population. 未来会有更多人口。Will there be fewer trees? 未来会有更少的树吗？Will there be less population? 未来的污染更少吗？IV：本单元重点语法：1. 一般将来时will的用法课本原句：People will have robots in their rooms.There will be more population.语法讲解：一般将来时基本用法如下:a. 一般将来时用来表示纯粹的将来事实。一般将来时常和表示将来的时间状语连用如:tomorrow, next week, next month, next year 等，课本上的时间状语：in ten years，in 100 yearsEg: He will come next week. 他下个星期回来b. will 表示一般将来时，肯定句、疑问句 、否定句式：肯定句：主语+will+动词原形+其他Eg：He will be fifteen next year.一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形+其他, 疑问句的回答：肯定：Yes，主语+will， 否定：No，主语+ wontEg：- Will he be fifteen next year? - Yes, he will. / No, he wont否定句：主语+will not/wont+动词原形+其他Eg：He will not be fifteen next year.试一试，看看你会做吗？(1) 格林夫人明天要去购物。(Mrs. Green)肯定句：_ 疑问句：_否定句：_(2) -你下周一和我去游泳吗？ -好的，我去。-_-_b. will在there be 结构将来时的运用肯定句：There will be +主语+其他Eg：There will be more buildings in my city in ten years.十年后我们的城市会有更多的建筑。否定句：There will not be +主语+其他Eg：There wont be a tiger show in the zoo next week. 动物园下周不会有老虎表演。一般疑问句：Will there be +主语+其他 肯定回答：Yes, there will.否定回答：No, there wontEg：- Will there be schools in the future? 将来会有学校吗？-Yes, there will. / No, there wont. 是的，有/不，没有。试一试，看看你会做吗？选择填空：1） There _ a meeting next Monday. A. Is B. will have C. will be D. had2） -_ will he be back?-In a week.A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How many3） - Will be there any paper money in ten years?-_ . Everyone will have a credit card.A. Yes, there is B. No, there isnt C. Yes, there will D. No, there wont2. more, less和fewer用于表示数量的用法more / fewer + countable nounsmore / less + uncountable nouns三个词都是比较级，用法如下：a. more 原形是many或much, "更多的"意思，+不可数名词或可数名词复数Eg: There will be more people in the future.Eg: Is there more air pollution in the city?b. less 原形是little, "更少的"意思 ，+不可数名词Eg: There was less tea in the cup.Eg: There will be less war in the future.c. fewer 原形是few, "更少的"意思，+可数名词Eg: I am new here, so I have fewer friends than you.Eg: I have fewer books than my tablemate.试一试，看看你会做吗？用more, less, fewer完成句子1. There will be_(更多的建筑) in 50 years.2. Students will have_(更少的家庭作业)to do.3. There will be _(更少的污染) here.4. Kids will have _(更少的计算机)in their classrooms.5. There will be_(更多的图书馆)in this city.6. There will be_(更少的树)in the park.基础巩固练习：一单项选择：1. Everyone _ here but no one _ her.A. is; knows B. are; know C. is; know D. are; knows2. It _ him thirty minutes to finish his homework.A. took B. cost C. spent D. used3. It is important _ us to learn English well.A. with B. to C. of D. for4. My uncle went to London and _ there for a few days last month.A. lived B. lives C. stays D. stayed5. I predict he will be an engineer _ten years because he is so interested in making things.A. in B. after C. later D. for6. This year I think I will have _ friends and spend _ time in playing computer games.A. more, less B. less, more C. fewer; fewer D. more, fewer7. I hear that the small river is very dirty, and _ people go to swim in it.A. few B. a few C. little D. a little8. Look! There are some children _ games on the playground.A. play B. playing C. to play D. are playing9. If I am an astronaut in the future, Ill _ to the moon _ a rocket.A. can fly, by B. be able to fly, in C. to fly, on D. flying, by10. Would you like to have a try now? - Sure. It _ both interesting and exciting.A. seems B. is looking C. is like D. sound11. Do you know _ in 300 years?A. what man will look like B. how man will look like C. what will man look like D. how will man look like12. Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? - Certainly, we can buy _than this, but _this.A. a better, better than B. a worse, as good as C. a cheaper, as good as D. a more important, not as good as13. How many people _there fifty years ago.A. willB. wereC. areD. will be14. I _rockets to the moon when I grow up.A. take B. will fly C. took D. will be fly15. It will take _ years to make robots _ the most unpleasant things. A. hundred , do B. hundreds of , to do C. two hundreds , do D. hundreds of , do 16. This coat doesn't fit him well, as he has _ a huge body and the coat is _ small. A. so; such          B. so; so          C. such; such          D. such; so17. Heres_ ink in my pen. Could you give me some?A. few B. a few C. little D. a little18. My friends _ a pet pig in their houses.A. keeps B. feeds C. keep D. look19. Could you pass me two _?A. pieces of paper B. pieces of papers C. pieces paper D. piece papers20. Our teacher tried _ the players _ well in the match.A. make; play B. to make; to play C. to make; play D. make; to play二按照括号里的意思填空1. When she was 20, her dream to be a singer_(实现). 2. We should remember the words _ and _(反复地).3. In fact, in some cities, the air p_ is quite serious(严重的). Whats your opinion, Mary?4. Her mother _(可能) go to Australia.5. I _(爱上了) the big city of Shanghai as soon as I got there last year. 6. I _(不同意) him. So I put up my hands to say out my ideas.7. I will write a letter to you as soon as I _(有空)8. I need to wear a suit when I take part in the _(工作面试)9. He _(醒来) to work for his family and future every day.10. An earthquake _(发生) in western part of China last year.三用正确的形式填空1. We are sure our city will be even _ (good) tomorrow.2. Cities in the future will be _(crowd).3. People will live _ (be) 200 years old .4. Please buy some electric _ (toothbrush) for them.5. Of course, computers will _(use) by most people in the future.6. Do you know the Changjiang River is one of the _(long) rivers in the world? 7. Computer control(控制) seemed _(possible) 100 years ago.8. In the future, _(human) will still have much knowledge to learn.9. There _ (be) many people at tomorrows party.10. She will be a _ (science) when she _(grow) up. 四按照字母提示，选用正确的单词填空1. As we know, Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng are both a_ in China.2. It s_ that he is very angry with you. 3. R_ can do many things for human beings.4. I live in an a_ with my parents in a big city.5. Mr. Li is good at computer. He wants to be a computer p_.6. No one wants to hang out with me today, so I have to go out a_.7. P_ was first invented in China.8. These days everyone u_ computers to do a lot of things.9. He often helps me _ (do ) some housework. -(同义句)He often helps me _some housework. .五翻译下面的句子1. 你认为人们的家里会有机器人吗？Do you think _ _ be robots in peoples homes.2. 他的叔叔是一名宇航员。他去年在太空站工作。 His uncle is an _. He worked _ a _ _ last year. 3. 当我年纪大一点的时候，我喜欢为我自己工作。I like to work _ _, when I am older.4. 明天天气怎么样？_ _ the weather_ _ tomorrow?5. 哪个国家会赢得下一次世界杯？_ country _ _ the next_ _? 6. 他每天有较少的空闲时间。He has _ _ _ _ every day.7. 你同意将会有更多的污染吗？Do you _ there will _ _ _?8. 从现在起你不必为任何人而改变自己。You wont change yourself for anyone else _ _ _9. The students will work in the supermarket.(对划线部分提问) _ _ the students _?10. The workers will finish building the new bridge in three months. (对划线部分提问)_ _ will the workers finish building the new bridge?六、阅读理解ATom and Fred are talking about the year 2020"What will our world be like in the year 2020?""I don't know." says Fred"What do you think?" "Well, no one knows, but it's interesting to guess." "In the year 2020 everyone will carry a pocket computer. The computer will give people the answers to all their problems. We shall all have telephones in our pockets, too, and we'll be able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps we'll be able to see them at the same time." "A lot of people will live and work under the sea. Perhaps there will be big towns, factories and farms under the sea, too." "Machines will do most of the work, and so people will have more holidays, perhaps they'll work only two or three days a week. They'll be able to fly to the moon by spaceship and spend their holidays there." "I'm looking forward(期待) to the year 2020. I hope to go to the moon!" "And I hope I'll be able to live under the sea." says Fred. "Won't that be very interesting? Just like a fish!"(   ) 1Tom and Fred talked about _A. their school life   B. some interesting news C. their life in the past D. their life in the future(   ) 2Machines will _          Ado most of the work instead of people          Bdo some of the work instead of people          Cdo as much work as people          Ddo as 1ittle work as people(   ) 3From their talk, we know that _           Aonly Fred hopes to fly to the moon          Bboth of them hope to fly to the moon          Cone of them hopes to fly to the moon          Dneither of them hopes to fly to the moon(   ) 4Fred said _           Ahe liked fish very much          Bhe would like to live under the sea like a fish          Che would go fishing under the sea          Dhe would spend a few days on the moon(    ) 5Which of the following statements is Not mentioned?          APeople will be able to fly to the moon in a spaceship          BPeople will have more holidays          CMany people will live and work under the sea          DAll the factories and farms will be built under the seaBPeople use money to buy food, books and hundreds of other things they need. When they work, they usually get paid in money. Most of the money used today is made of metal or paper. But in the time long ago, people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. In China, cloth and knives were used as money. Elephant tusks(牙), monkey tail and salt were used in some parts of the world. Rice was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands. Some animals were used as money, too.The first copper coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. Different countries have used different metals for their money. Later, some countries began to make coins of gold and silver(银). But gold and silver were heavy to carry when people needed a lot of coins to buy something expensive. The Chinese were the first to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.        Money has had an interesting story from the days of shell money till today.(   ) 1People usually use money _ A. to buy gold    Bto get something they want  Cto buy shells Dto buy something expensive(   ) 2Long, long ago people all over the world used _ as money.          Athe same metal    Bthe same paper          Cthe different metals Dall kinds of things(   ) 3In the past, the ancient Chinese used to have cloth and knives           .              Aas a tool    Bas money          Cas a gift Das a kind of goods(   ) 4_ was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands.          AGold    BAnimals    CRice DKnives(   ) 5The first paper money _ Alooked like the same as the paper money used today           B1ooked interesting          C1ooked like a note          Dhad a square hole in the center能力提升训练 一选择方框中的句子完成对话。A: Hello, may I speak to David?B: _.(1)A: Hi, David! This is Lin Tao speaking.B: Hi, Lin Tao . What's up?A: What are you going to do next Sunday?B: _