大学英语四级翻译常考句型短语整理(5页).doc
-大学英语四级翻译常考句型短语整理-第 5 页一、常用单词组education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德credit system 学分制guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的key university 重点大学national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for% 占百分比intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭， 学历证明二、常用句型1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。" They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7、asascan(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、"It is in(with)as in(with)" It is in life as in a journey. 9、"as good as"相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him. 10、"many as wellas"和"might as well as" "many as wellas"可译为"与其，不如，更好"，"以这样做为宜"，"如同，也可以"等等。"might as wellas"表示不可能的事，可译为"犹如"，"可与一样荒唐"，"与其那样不如这样的好"等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11、"to makeof"的译法(使成为，把当作) I will make a scientist of my son. 12、too+不定式"，not(never)too+不定式"，"toonot+不定式 She is too angry to speak.13、only(not, all, but, never) too to do so "和"too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"tooto，"不定式都失去了否定意义，在"too ready(apt) +to do"结构中，不定式。You know but too yell to hold your tongue.14、"no more than"句型A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.15、"not so muchas"和"not so much as "结构，"not so muchas"="not so much as "，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为："与其说是毋须说是"。而"not so much as"="without(not)even，"可译为"甚至还没有"。The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it .16、"Nothing is morethan"和"Nothing is so as"结构，"Nothing is morethan"和"Nothing is so as"都具有最高级比较的意思，"Nothing I"可换用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可译为"没有比更为"，"像再没有了"，"最"等。Nothing is more precious than time.17、"cannottoo"结构,"cannottoo"意为"It is impossible to overdo"或者，即"无论怎样也不算过分"。"not"可换用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可换用"enough"，"sufficient"等You cannot be too careful.18、"否定+but "结构，在否定词后面的"but"，具有"which not"，"who not"，"that not"，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成"没有不是"或"都"等Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.19、"否定+until(till)"结构，在否定词"no"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后边所接用的"until/till"，多数情况下译为"直到才"，"要才"，把否定译为肯定。Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.20、"not sobut"和"not such abut"结构，这两个结构和"否定+but"的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的"but"是含有"thatnot"意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为"还没有到不能做的程度"，"并不是不"，"无论怎样也不是不能"等。He is not so sick but he can come to school.21、"疑问词+shouldbut"结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事，意为"nonebut"，可译为"除了还有谁会"，"岂料"，"想不到竟是"等。Who should write it but himself?22、"who knows but (that)"和"who could shouldbut"结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有时也可直译。Who knows but (that) he may go?23、"祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"结构，"祈使句+and"表示"Ifyou"，"祈使名+or"表示"ifnot,you。Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.24、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would lose his temper. 25、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would lose his temper. 26.It is not thatbut that 这不是说，而是说 27.nothing else than 完全是，实在是 例文What the man said was nothing else than nonsense. 译文那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 28. morethan结构有三种译法：than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为与其说不如说；进行同类比较时，译成比更. 例文The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches. 译文人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的.三、常用短语aseriesof一系列,一连串aboveall首先,尤其是afterall毕竟,究竟aheadof在.之前aheadoftime提前allatonce突然,同时allbut几乎;除了.都allofasudden突然allover遍及alloveragain再一次,重新allthetime一直,始终allthesame仍然,照样的asregards关于,至于anythingbut根本不asamatteroffact实际上apartfrom除.外(有/无)asarule通常,照例asaresult(of)因此,由于asfaras.beconcerned就.而言asfaras远至,到.程度asfor至于,关于asfollows如下asif好像,仿怫asgoodas和.几乎一样asusual像平常一样,照例asto至于,关于allright令人满意的;可以aswell同样,也,还aswellas除.外(也),即.又asidefrom除.外(还有)ataloss茫然,不知所措atatime一次,每次atall丝毫(不),一点也不atallcosts不惜一切代价atallevents不管怎样,无论如何atalltimes随时,总是atanyrate无论如何,至少atbest充其量,至多atfirst最初,起先atfirstsight乍一看,初看起来athand在手边,在附近atheart内心里,本质上athome在家,在国内atintervals不时,每隔.atlarge大多数,未被捕获的atleast至少atlast终于atlength最终,终于atmost至多,不超过atnotime从不,决不byaccident偶然atonetime曾经,一度;同时atpresent目前,现在atsb'sdisposal任.处理atthecostof以.为代价atthemercyof任凭.摆布atthemoment此刻,目前atthisrate照此速度attimes有时,间或backandforth来回地,反复地backof在.后面beforelong不久以后besidepoint离题的,不相干的beyondquestion毫无疑问byair通过航空途径byallmeans尽一切办法,务必byandby不久,迟早bychance偶然,碰巧byfar最,.得多byhand用手,用体力byitself自动地,独自地bymeansof用,依靠bymistake错误地,无意地bynomeans决不,并没有byoneself单独地,独自地byreasonof由于bytheway顺便说说byvirtueof借助,由于bywayof经由,通过.方法dueto由于,因为eachother互相evenif/though即使,虽然everso非常,极其everynowandthen时而,偶尔everyother每隔一个的exceptfor除了.外facetoface面对面地farfrom远非,远离forever永远forgood永久地forthebetter好转forthemoment暂时,目前
